NEXSTAR MEDIA GROUP INC

Note 1: Organization and Business Operations

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, “Nexstar” refers to Nexstar Media Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries; the “Company” refers to Nexstar and the variable interest entities (“VIEs”) required to be consolidated in our financial statements under authoritative guidance related to the consolidation of VIEs; and all references to “we,” “our,” “ours,” and “us” refer to Nexstar.

Nexstar is a leading diversified media company with television broadcasting, television network and digital media assets operating in the United States. As of June 30, 2024, we owned, operated, programmed or provided sales and other services to 201 full power television stations andone AM radio station, including those television stations owned by VIEs, in 117 markets in 40 states and the District of Columbia. The stations are affiliates of CBS, FOX, NBC, ABC, The CW, MyNetworkTV, and other broadcast television networks. As of June 30, 2024, Nexstar’s stations reached approximately 39% of all U.S. television households (after applying the Federal Communications Commission’s (“FCC”) ultra-high frequency discount). Through various local service agreements, we provided sales, programming, and other services to 35 television stations owned by consolidated VIEs andtwo television stations owned by unconsolidated VIEs. Nexstar also owns a 75.0% ownership interest in The CW Network, LLC, the fifth major broadcast network in the U.S. (“The CW”), NewsNation, a national cable news network, two digital multicast networks, Antenna TV and REWIND TV, multicast network services provided to third parties, and a 31.3% ownership stake in Television Food Network, G.P. (“TV Food Network”). Our digital assets include 142 local websites,279 mobile applications,24 connected television applications, seven free ad-supported television channels representing products of our local television stations, The CW, NewsNation, The Hill and BestReviews, and a suite of advertiser solutions.

Note 2: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Nexstar, subsidiaries consolidated through voting interests and VIEs for which we are the primary beneficiary (see “Variable Interest Entities” section below). Noncontrolling interests represent the minority owners’ share in profit or loss and equity of The CW and the VIE owners’ share in profit or loss and equity in the consolidated VIEs. Noncontrolling interests are presented as a component separate from Nexstar’s stockholders’ equity in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity. All intercompany account balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Nexstar management evaluates each arrangement that may include variable interests and determines the need to consolidate an entity where it determines Nexstar is the primary beneficiary of a VIE in accordance with related authoritative literature and interpretive guidance.

Interim Financial Statements

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of June 30, 2024 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, such financial statements include all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for the fair statement of the financial information included herein in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year. Estimates are used for, but are not limited to, allowance for credit losses, valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, distribution revenue recognized, income taxes, the recoverability of goodwill, FCC licenses and long-lived assets, the recoverability of investments, the recoverability of broadcast rights and the useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets. As of June 30, 2024, the Company is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or judgments or revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities. However, these estimates and judgments may change as new events occur and additional information is obtained, which may result in changes being recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates and any such differences may have a material impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Nexstar’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the audited financial statements as of that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.

Variable Interest Entities

Nexstar may determine that an entity is a VIE as a result of local service agreements entered into with that entity. The term local service agreement generally refers to a contract whereby the owner-operator of a television station contracts with a third party (typically another television station owner-operator) to provide it with administrative, sales and other services required for the operation of its station. Nevertheless, the owner-operator of each station retains control of and responsibility for the operation of its station, including ultimate responsibility over all programming broadcast on its station. A local service agreement can be (i) a time brokerage agreement (“TBA”) or a local marketing agreement (“LMA”) which allows Nexstar to program most of a station’s broadcast time, sell the station’s advertising time and retain the advertising revenue generated in exchange for monthly payments, frequently based on the station’s monthly operating expenses, (ii) a shared services agreement (“SSA”) which allows Nexstar to provide services to a station including news production, technical maintenance and security, in exchange for Nexstar’s right to receive certain payments as described in the SSA, or (iii) a joint sales agreement (“JSA”) which permits Nexstar to sell certain of a station’s advertising time and retain a percentage of the related revenue, as described in the JSA.

Consolidated VIEs

Nexstar consolidates entities in which it is deemed under U.S. GAAP to have controlling financial interests for financial reporting purposes as a result of (i) local service agreements Nexstar has with the stations owned by these entities, (ii) Nexstar’s (excluding The CW) guarantee of the obligations incurred under Mission Broadcasting, Inc.’s (“Mission”) senior secured credit facility (see Note 7), (iii) Nexstar having power over significant activities affecting these VIEs’ economic performance, including budgeting for advertising revenue, certain advertising sales and, in some cases, hiring and firing of sales force personnel and (iv) purchase options granted by each consolidated VIE which permit Nexstar to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of these VIEs’ stations, subject to FCC consent.

The following table summarizes the various local service agreements Nexstar had in effect as of June 30, 2024 with its consolidated VIEs:

Nexstar’s ability to receive cash from the consolidated VIEs is governed by the local service agreements. Under these agreements, Nexstar has received substantially all of the consolidated VIEs’ available cash, after satisfaction of operating costs and debt obligations. Nexstar anticipates it will continue to receive substantially all of the consolidated VIEs’ available cash, after satisfaction of operating costs and debt obligations. In compliance with FCC regulations for all the parties, each VIE maintains complete responsibility for and control over programming, finances, personnel and operations of its stations.

The carrying amounts and classification of the assets and liabilities, excluding intercompany amounts, of the VIEs which have been included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows (in millions):

The following are assets of consolidated VIEs, excluding intercompany amounts, that are not available to settle the obligations of Nexstar and the liabilities of consolidated VIEs, excluding intercompany amounts, for which their creditors do not have recourse to the general credit of Nexstar (in millions):

Non-Consolidated VIEs

Nexstar has an outsourcing agreement with Cunningham Broadcasting Corporation (“Cunningham”) which continues through December 31, 2025. Under the outsourcing agreement, Nexstar provides certain engineering, production, sales and administrative services for WYZZ, the FOX affiliate in the Peoria, Illinois market, through WMBD, the Nexstar television station in that market. During the term of the outsourcing agreement, Nexstar retains the broadcasting revenue and related expenses of WYZZ and is obligated to pay a monthly fee to Cunningham based on the combined operating cash flow of WMBD and WYZZ, as defined in the agreement.

In January 2024, we entered into a multi-year TBA with KAZT, L.L.C., the owner of television station KAZT-TV in Phoenix, Arizona, and acquired the station’s non-license assets for a nominal cash payment. We were also granted an option to purchase the station from KAZT, L.L.C., subject to FCC consent. On February 1, 2024, KAZT-TV became an affiliate of The CW.

Nexstar has determined that it has variable interests in WYZZ and KAZT-TV. Nexstar has also evaluated its arrangements with Cunningham and KAZT, L.L.C. and has determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of the variable interests because it does not have the ultimate power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the stations’ economic performance. Therefore, Nexstar has not consolidated WYZZ and KAZT-TV under authoritative guidance related to the consolidation of VIEs. There were no significant transactions arising from Nexstar’s outsourcing agreement with Cunningham or TBA with KAZT, L.L.C. Neither Cunningham nor KAZT, L.L.C. guarantees Nexstar’s debt.

Income Per Share

Basic income per share is computed by dividing the net income attributable to Nexstar by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted income per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common shares and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares are calculated using the treasury stock method. They consist of stock options and restricted stock units outstanding during the period and reflect the potential dilution that could occur if common shares were issued upon exercise of stock options and vesting of restricted stock units. The following table shows the amounts used in computing Nexstar’s diluted shares (in thousands):

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, weighted average restricted stock units of 79,000 and 40,000, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted income per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, weighted average restricted stock units of 100,000 and 25,000, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted income per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

New Accounting Standards Adopted

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-07”), which expands annual and interim disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses for all public entities. The amendments in ASU 2023-07 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. A public entity should apply the amendments in ASU 2023-07 retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of this ASU and expects to adopt them for the year ending December 31, 2024.

New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures” (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 applies to all entities that are subject to Topic 740, Income Taxes and is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. The amendments in ASU 2023-09 address investor requests for enhanced income tax information primarily through changes to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The amendments in ASU 2023-09 will be effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impacts ASU 2023-09 may have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Note 3: Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The Company’s definite-lived intangible assets consisted of the following (dollars in millions):

The following table presents the Company’s estimate of amortization expense for the remainder of 2024, each of the five succeeding years ended December 31 and thereafter for definite-lived intangible assets as of June 30, 2024 (in millions):

The amounts recorded to goodwill and FCC licenses were as follows (in millions):

Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization but are tested for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such assets might be impaired. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company did not identify events that would trigger impairment assessments.

Note 4: Investments

Investments in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets consisted of the following (in millions):

Equity Method Investments

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company received cash distributions from its equity method investments, primarily from its investment in TV Food Network, as discussed below.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the income from equity method investments, net reported in the Company’s unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations consisted of the following (in millions):

At acquisition date, the Company measured its estimated share of the differences between the estimated fair values and carrying values (the “basis difference”) of the investees’ tangible assets and amortizable intangible assetshad the fair value of the investments been allocated to the identifiable assets of the investees in accordance with ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations.” Additionally, the Company measured its estimated share of the basis difference attributable to investees’ goodwill. The Company amortizes its share of the basis differences attributable to tangible assets and intangible long-lived assets of investees, including TV Food Network, and records the amortization (the “amortization of basis difference”) as a reduction of income from equity method investments, net in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s share in these basis differences and related amortization is primarily attributable to its investment in TV Food Network (discussed in more detail below).

Distributions received from investments are classified in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows based on the nature of the investee activities that generated the distribution. Returns on capital distributions are presented as cash flow from operating activities whereas returns of capital distributions are presented as cash flow from investing activities.

Investment in TV Food Network

Nexstar acquired its 31.3% equity investment in TV Food Network through its acquisition of Tribune Media Company (“Tribune”) on September 19, 2019. Nexstar’s partner in TV Food Network is Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. (“WBD”), which owns a 68.7% interest in TV Food Network and operates the network on behalf of the partnership.

TV Food Network operates two 24-hour television networks, Food Network and Cooking Channel, offering quality television, video, internet and mobile entertainment and information focusing on food and entertaining.

The partnership agreement governing TV Food Network provides that the partnership shall, unless certain actions are taken by the partners, dissolve and commence winding up and liquidating TV Food Network upon the first to occur of certain enumerated liquidating events, one of which is a specified date of December 31, 2024. Nexstar intends to renew its partnership agreement with WBD for TV Food Network before expiration. In the event of a liquidation, Nexstar would be entitled to its proportionate share of distributions to partners, which the partnership agreement provides would occur as promptly as is consistent with obtaining fair market value for the assets of TV Food Network. The partnership agreement also provides that the partnership may be continued or reconstituted in certain circumstances.

Nexstar’s investment in TV Food Network had a book value of $834 million and $936 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, Nexstar had a remaining share in amortizable basis difference of $362 million and $397 million, respectively, related to its investment in TV Food Network. The remaining amortizable basis difference as of June 30, 2024 had a remaining useful life of approximately 5.2 years. As of June 30, 2024, Nexstar’s share in the basis difference related to the TV Food Network’s goodwill was $500 million (no change in 2024).

Nexstar had the following transactions related to its investment in TV Food Network during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively (in millions):

Summarized financial information for TV Food Network is as follows (in millions):

Other Equity Investments

In February 2024, Nexstar received $40 million cash proceeds, and recorded a gain on disposal of an investment for the same amount, in connection with Broadcast Music Inc.’s (“BMI”) sale to New Mountain Capital.

Note 5: Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following (in millions):

Note 6: Retirement and Postretirement Plans

Nexstar has various funded, qualified non-contributory defined benefit retirement plans which cover certain employees and former employees. All of these retirement plans are frozen in terms of pay and service, except for a plan with immaterial pension benefit obligations.

Nexstar also has various other postretirement benefit plans (“OPEB”), including retiree medical savings account plans which reimburse eligible retired employees for certain medical expenses and unfunded plans that provide certain health and life insurance benefits to certain retired employees. The periodic benefit cost (credit) related to OPEB is not significant.

The following tables provide the components of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for Nexstar’s pension benefit plans (in millions):

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, there wereno significant contributions to qualified pension benefit plans. Nexstar also anticipates nominal required contributions during the remainder of 2024.

Note 7: Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following (dollars in millions):

Nexstar’s outstanding term loans are governed by Nexstar’s credit agreement and Mission’s outstanding term loans and revolving loans are governed by Mission’s credit agreement. Each credit agreement is also herein referred to as a senior secured credit facility. Nexstar’s senior unsecured notes are governed by the indentures.

2024 Activities

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company repaid scheduled principal maturities of $61 million of its term loans. Also, Nexstar borrowed $55 million under its revolving credit facility for working capital purposes, which it repaid in full during the same period.

Unused Commitments and Borrowing Availability

Nexstar and Mission had $531 million (net of outstanding standby letters of credit of $19 million) and $14 million, respectively, of unused revolving loan commitments under each of their senior secured credit facility, all of which were available for borrowing, based on the covenant calculations as of June 30, 2024. The Company’s ability to access funds under the senior secured credit facilities depends, in part, on its compliance with certain financial covenants. As of June 30, 2024, the Company was in compliance with its financial covenants.

Collateralization and Guarantees of Debt

The Company’s senior secured credit facilities described above are collateralized by a security interest in substantially all the combined assets, excluding FCC licenses, the other assets of consolidated VIEs unavailable to creditors of Nexstar (see Note 2) and the assets of The CW. Nexstar (excluding The CW) guarantees full payment of all obligations incurred under the Mission senior secured credit facility in the event of Mission’s default. Mission is a guarantor of Nexstar’s senior secured credit facility, Nexstar’s 5.625% Notes, due July 2027 and Nexstar’s 4.75% Notes, due November 2028.

In consideration of Nexstar’s guarantee of the Mission senior secured credit facility, Mission has granted Nexstar purchase options to acquire the assets and assume the liabilities of each Mission station, subject to FCC consent. These option agreements, which expire on various dates between 2024 and 2033, are freely exercisable or assignable by Nexstar without consent or approval by Mission. The Company expects these option agreements to be renewed upon expiration.

Debt Covenants

The Nexstar credit agreement (senior secured credit facility) contains a covenant which requires Nexstar to comply with a maximum consolidated first lien net leverage ratio of 4.25 to 1.00. The financial covenant, which is formally calculated on a quarterly basis, is based on the combined results of the Company, excluding the operating results of The CW, which Nexstar designated as an unrestricted subsidiary under its credit agreements and indentures. The Mission amended credit agreement does not contain financial covenant ratio requirements but does provide for default in the event Nexstar does not comply with all covenants contained in its credit agreement. As of June 30, 2024, Nexstar was in compliance with its financial covenants.

Note 8: Leases

The Company as a Lessee

The Company has operating leases for office spaces, tower facilities, antenna sites, studios and other real estate properties and equipment. The operating leases have remaining lease terms ofone month to 90 years, some of which may include options to extend the leases fromtwo to 99 years, and some of which may include options to terminate the leases withinone year. Lease contracts that the Company has executed but which have not yet commenced as of June 30, 2024 were not material.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows (in millions, except lease term and discount rate):

Operating lease expense for the three months ended June 30, 2024 was $17 million, of which $7 million and $10 million were included in Direct operating and Selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, excluding depreciation and amortization, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Operating lease expense for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was $16 million, of which $7 million and $9 million were included in Direct operating and Selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, excluding depreciation and amortization, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Operating lease expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was $33 million, of which $14 million and $19 million were included in Direct operating and Selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, excluding depreciation and amortization, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Operating lease expense for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $33 million, of which $14 million and $19 million were included in Direct operating and Selling, general and administrative expenses, respectively, excluding depreciation and amortization, in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Cash paid for operating leases included in the operating cash flows was $32 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of June 30, 2024 were as follows (in millions):

Note 9: Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures and records in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements certain assets and liabilities at fair value. ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures,” establishes a fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). This hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

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Level 1 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market.

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Level 2 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on inputs other than those included in Level 1, including quoted market prices in markets that are not active; quoted prices of assets or liabilities with similar attributes in active markets; and valuation models whose inputs are observable or unobservable but corroborated by market data.

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Level 3 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on valuation models or pricing techniques that utilize unobservable inputs that are significant to the overall fair value measurement.

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, broadcast rights payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Estimated fair values and carrying amounts of the Company’s long-term debt that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows (dollars in millions):

(1)

The fair value of senior secured and revolving credit facilities is computed based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for bank loans with similar terms and average maturities. These fair value measurements are considered Level 3, as significant inputs to the fair value calculation are unobservable in the market.

(2)

The fair value of the Company’s fixed rate debt is estimated based on bid prices obtained from an investment banking firm and are considered Level 2.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, there were no events or changes in circumstance that triggered an impairment to the Company’s significant assets, including equity method investments, indefinite-lived intangible assets, long-lived assets and goodwill.

Note 10: Common Stock

On July 27, 2022, Nexstar’s board of directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing Nexstar to repurchase up to $1.5 billion of its common stock, of which $652 million of capacity remained available as of December 31, 2023. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, Nexstar repurchased a total of 1,514,478 shares of its common stock for $246 million, funded by cash on hand. As of June 30, 2024, the remaining available amount under the share repurchase authorization was $406 million.

Share repurchases are executed from time to time in open market transactions, block trades or private transactions, including through Rule 10b5-1 plans. There is no minimum number of shares that Nexstar is required to repurchase. The repurchase program does not have an expiration date and may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.

On January 26, 2024, Nexstar’s board of directors approved a 25% increase in its quarterly cash dividend to $1.69 per share of outstanding common stock beginning with the first quarter of 2024.

Note 11: Income Taxes

Income tax expense was $43 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to $35 million for the same period in 2023. The effective tax rates were 28.9% and 31.8% for each of the respective periods.

For the three months ended June 30, 2024, changes in the valuation allowance resulted in a 2.0% decrease to the effective tax rate. Other permanent differences, including a reduction in losses related to the minority interest in The CW, resulted in a 2.8% decrease to the effective tax rate. This is partially offset by a decrease in the excess benefit from stock option exercises and restricted stock unit vesting in 2024 compared to 2023 which resulted in a 1.3% increase in the rate.

Income tax expense was $105 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to $77 million for the same period in 2023. The effective tax rates were 27.8% and 32.1% for each of the respective periods.

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, changes in the valuation allowance resulted in a 3.4% decrease to the effective tax rate. Other permanent differences, including a reduction in losses related to the minority interest in The CW, resulted in a 1.9% decrease to the effective tax rate. This is partially offset by a decrease in the excess benefit from stock option exercises and restricted stock unit vesting in 2024 compared to 2023 which resulted in a 1.0% increase in the rate.

The Company calculates its year-to-date provision for income taxes by applying the estimated annual effective tax rate to year-to-date pre-tax income or loss and adjusts the provision for discrete tax items recorded in the period. Future changes in the forecasted annual income projections could result in significant adjustments to quarterly income tax expense in future periods.

Note 12: Commitments and Contingencies

Guarantee of Mission Debt

Nexstar (excluding The CW) guarantees full payment of all obligations incurred under the Mission senior secured credit facility. In the event that Mission is unable to repay amounts due, Nexstar will be obligated to repay such amounts. The maximum potential amount of future payments that Nexstar would be required to make under this guarantee would be generally limited to the outstanding principal amounts. As of June 30, 2024, Mission had a maximum commitment of $367 million under its amended credit agreement, of which $353 million principal balance of debt was outstanding.

Indemnification Obligations

In connection with certain agreements that the Company enters into in the normal course of its business, including local service agreements, business acquisitions and borrowing arrangements, the Company enters into contractual arrangements under which the Company agrees to indemnify the third party to such arrangement from losses, claims and damages incurred by the indemnified party for certain events as defined within the particular contract. Such indemnification obligations may not be subject to maximum loss clauses and the maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification arrangements may be unlimited. Historically, payments made related to these indemnifications have been insignificant and the Company has not incurred significant costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements.

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is involved in litigation that arises from the ordinary operations of business, such as contractual or employment disputes or other general actions. In the event of an adverse outcome of these proceedings, the Company believes the resulting liabilities would not have a material adverse effect on its financial condition or results of operations.

Local TV Advertising Antitrust Litigation—On March 16, 2018, a group of companies including Nexstar and Tribune (the “Defendants”) received a Civil Investigative Demand from the Antitrust Division of the Department of Justice (“DOJ”) regarding an investigation into the exchange of certain information related to the pacing of sales related to the same period in the prior year among broadcast stations in some local markets in alleged violation of federal antitrust law. Without admitting any wrongdoing, some Defendants, including Tribune, entered into a proposed consent decree (referred to herein as the “consent decree”) with the DOJ on November 6, 2018. Without admitting any wrongdoing, Nexstar agreed to settle the matter with the DOJ on December 5, 2018. The consent decree was entered in final form by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia on May 22, 2019. The consent decree, which settles claims by the government of alleged violations of federal antitrust laws in connection with the alleged information sharing, does not include any financial penalty. Pursuant to the consent decree, Nexstar and Tribune agreed not to exchange certain non-public information with other stations operating in the same market except in certain cases, and to implement certain antitrust compliance measures and monitor and report on compliance with the consent decree.

Starting in July 2018, a series of plaintiffs filed putative class action lawsuits against the Defendants and others alleging that they coordinated their pricing of television advertising, thereby harming a proposed class of all buyers of television advertising time from one or more of the Defendants since at least January 1, 2014. The plaintiff in each lawsuit seeks injunctive relief and money damages caused by the alleged antitrust violations. On October 9, 2018, these cases were consolidated in a multi-district litigation in the District Court for the Northern District of Illinois captioned In Re: Local TV Advertising Antitrust Litigation, No. 1:18-cv-06785 (“MDL Litigation”). On January 23, 2019, the Court in the MDL Litigation appointed plaintiffs’ lead and liaison counsel.

The MDL Litigation is ongoing. The Plaintiffs’ Consolidated Complaint was filed on April 3, 2019; Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss on September 5, 2019. Before the Court ruled on that motion, the Plaintiffs filed their Second Amended Consolidated Complaint on September 9, 2019. This complaint added additional defendants and allegations. The Defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss and Strike on October 8, 2019. The Court denied that motion on November 6, 2020. On March 16, 2022, the Plaintiffs filed their Third Amended Complaint. The Third Amended Complaint adds two additional plaintiffs and an additional defendant, but does not make material changes to the allegations.

The parties are in the discovery phase of litigation. The Court has not yet set a trial date. Nexstar and Tribune deny all allegations against them and will defend their advertising practices.

Tribune Related Contingencies

In connection with Nexstar’s acquisition of Tribune on September 19, 2019, Nexstar assumed contingencies from certain legal proceedings, as follows:

Chicago Cubs Transactions—On August 21, 2009, Tribune and Chicago Entertainment Ventures, LLC (formerly Chicago Baseball Holdings, LLC) (“CEV LLC”), and its subsidiaries (collectively, “New Cubs LLC”), among other parties, entered into an agreement (the “Cubs Formation Agreement”) governing the contribution of certain assets and liabilities related to the businesses of the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball franchise then owned by Tribune and its subsidiaries to New Cubs LLC. The transactions contemplated by the Cubs Formation Agreement and the related agreements thereto (the “Chicago Cubs Transactions”) closed on October 27, 2009. As a result of these transactions, Northside Entertainment Holdings LLC (f/k/a Ricketts Acquisition LLC) (“NEH”) owned 95% and Tribune owned 5% of the membership interests in CEV LLC. The fair market value of the contributed assets exceeded the tax basis and did not result in an immediate taxable gain as the transaction was structured to comply with the partnership provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and related regulations.

On June 28, 2016, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued Tribune a Notice of Deficiency which presented the IRS’s position that the gain with respect to the Chicago Cubs Transactions should have been included in Tribune’s 2009 taxable income. Accordingly, the IRS proposed a $182 million tax and a $73 million gross valuation misstatement penalty. During the third quarter of 2016, Tribune filed a petition in U.S. Tax Court to contest the IRS’s determination. After-tax interest on the aforementioned proposed tax and penalty through June 30, 2024 would be approximately $211 million. In addition, if the IRS prevails in its position, under the tax rules for determining tax basis upon emergence from bankruptcy, the Company would be required to reduce its tax basis in certain assets. The reduction in tax basis would be required to reflect the reduction in the amount of the Company’s guarantee of the New Cubs partnership debt which was included in the reported tax basis previously determined upon emergence from bankruptcy and subject to Tribune’s 2014 and 2015 federal income tax audits (described below).

On September 19, 2019, Tribune became a wholly owned subsidiary of Nexstar following Nexstar’s merger with Tribune. Nexstar disagrees with the IRS’s position that the Chicago Cubs Transactions generated taxable gain in 2009, the proposed penalty and the IRS’s calculation of the gain. If the IRS prevails in its position, the gain on the Chicago Cubs Transactions would be deemed to be taxable in 2009. Nexstar estimates that the federal and state income taxes would be approximately $225 million before interest and penalties. Any tax, interest and penalty due will be offset by tax payments made relating to this transaction subsequent to 2009. Tribune made approximately $154 million of tax payments prior to its merger with Nexstar.

A bench trial in the U.S. Tax Court took place between October 28, 2019 and November 8, 2019, and closing arguments took place on December 11, 2019. The Tax Court issued a separate opinion on January 6, 2020 holding that the IRS satisfied the procedural requirements for the imposition of the gross valuation misstatement penalty. The judge deferred any litigation of the penalty until a final determination was reached by the Tax Court or Court of Appeals.

On October 26, 2021, the Tax Court issued an opinion related to the Chicago Cubs Transactions, which held that Tribune’s structure was, in substantial part, in compliance with partnership provisions of the Code and, as a result, did not trigger the entire 2009 taxable gain proposed by the IRS. On October 19, 2022, the Tax Court entered the decision that there is no tax deficiency or penalty due in the 2009 tax year. On January 13, 2023, the IRS filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. On February 3, 2023, the Company filed a notice of cross-appeal. On February 15, 2024, the case was argued before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. The Company expects a ruling from the Court of Appeals in the second half of 2024.

As of June 30, 2024, Nexstar believes the tax impact of applying the Tax Court opinion to 2009 and its impact on subsequent tax years is not material to the Company’s accounting for uncertain tax positions or to its Consolidated Financial Statements. Although management believes its estimates and judgments are reasonable, the timing and ultimate resolution are unpredictable and could materially change.

Revenue Agent’s Report on Tribune’s 2014 to 2015 Federal Income Tax Audits— Prior to Nexstar’s merger with Tribune in September 2019, Tribune was undergoing federal income tax audits for taxable years 2014 and 2015. In the third quarter of 2020, the IRS completed its audits of Tribune and issued a Revenue Agent’s Report which disallows the reporting of certain assets and liabilities related to Tribune’s emergence from Chapter 11 bankruptcy on December 31, 2012. Nexstar disagrees with the IRS’s proposed adjustments to the tax basis of certain assets and the related taxable income impact, and Nexstar is contesting the adjustments through the IRS administrative appeal procedures. If the IRS prevails in its position and after taking into account the impact of the Tax Court opinion, Nexstar would be required to reduce its tax basis in certain assets resulting in a $17 million increase in its federal and state taxes payable and a $69 million increase in deferred income tax liability as of June 30, 2024. In accordance with ASC Topic 740, the Company has reflected $11 million for certain contested issues in its liability for uncertain tax positions at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Regulatory Matters

On March 21, 2024, the FCC issued a Notice of Apparent Liability for Forfeiture (“NAL”) to Nexstar and to Mission, a consolidated VIE, for alleged violations of the Communications Act and FCC rules relating to Mission television station WPIX, New York, New York. The NAL alleges that Nexstar and Mission engaged in an unauthorized transfer of control of WPIX and that Nexstar violated the national television ownership limit by acquiring undisclosed attributable interests in the station. The NAL proposes forfeitures to Nexstar and Mission for the alleged violations and additionally requires that within 12 months of a forfeiture order or payment of the forfeitures, either (i) Mission divest WPIX to an “unrelated third party” or (ii) Mission sell WPIX to Nexstar, with Nexstar divesting a sufficient number of other stations to reduce its national reach below the FCC national ownership limit. Nexstar and Mission have filed responses vigorously disputing the NAL. Nexstar is unable to reasonably estimate the possible financial statement impact, if any, relating to the NAL.

WADL-TV

On May 22, 2024, Mission terminated its proposed acquisition of WADL-TV serving the Detroit, Michigan market from Adell Broadcasting Corporation. There were no fees that resulted from the termination.

Note 13: Segment Data

The Company’s reportable broadcast segment includes (i) television stations and related local websites that Nexstar owns, operates, programs or provides sales and other services to in various markets across the United States, (ii) NewsNation, a national cable news network, (iii)two owned and operated digital multicast networks and other multicast network services, and (iv) WGN-AM, a Chicago radio station. The other activities of the Company include (i) The CW, (ii) digital businesses focused on the national marketplace, (iii) the management of certain real estate assets, including revenues from leasing certain owned office and production facilities, (iv) corporate functions, and (v) eliminations.

The Company evaluates the performance of its operating segments based on net revenue and segment profit (loss). Segment profit (loss) includes net revenue, direct operating expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses (excluding corporate) and payments for broadcast rights. Segment profit (loss) excludes depreciation and amortization, any nonrecurring transaction and restructuring expenses, reimbursement from the FCC related to station repack, impairment charges, gain on disposal of assets and business divestitures and non-operating income statement items. Other segment loss is calculated in this manner except it includes The CW’s amortization of broadcast rights and excludes The CW’s payments for broadcast rights.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2024, The CW’s operating results and assets are included in the “Other” segment because they did not meet the threshold for separate segment disclosure. Additionally, The CW’s segment loss is now reported at its full consolidated financial results in accordance with Nexstar’s current internal financial reporting. Prior to this change, The CW reported its operating performance in past segment footnote disclosures at amounts reflecting Nexstar’s ownership interest. These changes were reflected in the current presentation of “Other” segment in the tables below. The comparative prior year disclosures were also recast to conform with the current presentation.

Segment financial information is included in the following tables for the periods presented(in millions):

(1)

Excludes amortization of The CW’s programming costs of $71 million and $120 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $123 million and $227 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which are included in Other segment loss.

(2)

Excludes payments for The CW’s broadcast rights of $73 million and $53 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $130 million and $168 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which are not included in Other segment loss.

(3)

While the Company’s investment in TV Food Network ($834 million at June 30, 2024 and $936 million at December 31, 2023) has not been allocated to a Company reporting unit or operating segment, such asset has been included in the Company’s disclosure of Broadcast segment assets given the similar nature of the investment to that segment. For additional information on equity investments, see Note 4.

The following tables present the disaggregation of the Company’s revenue under ASC 606 for the periods presented (in millions):

Our primary sources of revenue include: (i) distribution, comprised primarily of retransmission revenue, carriage fees, affiliation fees and spectrum leasing revenue and (ii) advertising, comprised of non-political and political advertising.

Distribution revenue, our largest category of revenue, primarily results from compensation from cable, satellite and other multichannel video distributors (“MVPDs”) and online video distributors, or virtual multichannel video distributors, (“vMVPDs”) in return for our consent to the retransmission of the signals of our television stations and the carriage of NewsNation, typically based on the number of subscribers the MVPDs and vMVPDs have. We also generate distribution revenues from affiliation fees paid by affiliates of The CW and from programmers who lease the use of our spectrum in selected local markets to air their content on our multicast streams. Distribution revenue is recognized at the point in time the broadcast signal or cable network feed is delivered to the distributors in the case of retransmission and carriage fee revenue or, in the case of affiliation fees and spectrum leasing revenue, as network programming and spectrum capacity are delivered to our affiliates and customers.

Advertising revenue primarily results from the sale to local, regional and national businesses, political candidates and other political advertisers of commercial airtime by our stations and networks and the sale of advertising on our owned or third-party websites, and through mobile and OTT applications and other digital advertising solutions. Advertising revenue is generally highest in the second and fourth quarters of each year, due in part to increases in consumer advertising in the spring and retail advertising in the period leading up to, and including, the holiday season. Advertising revenue is generally higher during even-numbered years when congressional and/or presidential elections occur and advertising is aired during the Olympic Games. Advertising revenue is recognized at the time the advertisement airs or is delivered on our websites or mobile or OTT applications or the advertising solution is delivered.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, revenues fortwo of the Company’s customers exceeded 10% of the Company’s consolidated net revenues. Each of these customers represented approximately 13% of the Company’s consolidated net revenues during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, revenues fortwo of the Company’s customers exceeded 10% of the Company’s consolidated net revenues. The first customer represented approximately 12% and 13% of the Company’s consolidated net revenues during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and the second customer represented approximately 14% of the Company’s consolidated net revenues during each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

Note 14: Subsequent Events

On July 26, 2024, Nexstar’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $1.69 per share of its common stock. The dividend is payable on August 23, 2024 to stockholders of record on August 9, 2024.

On July 26, 2024, Nexstar announced that its Board of Directors increased its share repurchase authorization by $1.5 billion.

From July 1, 2024 to August 7, 2024, we repurchased 266,014 shares of our common stock for $46 million, funded by cash on hand. As of the date of filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the remaining available amount under the share repurchase authorization was $1.9 billion. From July 1, 2024 to August 7, 2024, in connection with vesting of restricted stock units, Nexstar issued 38,671 shares of its common stock, net of any shares withheld for taxes.