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Savara Inc

For the period ended Mar 31, 2024. Filed May 9, 2024.

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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Mar 31, 2024 · Filed May 9, 2024

SVRA$4.83+10.3%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

  1. Organization and Nature of Operations

Description of Business

Savara Inc. (together with its subsidiaries “Savara,” the “Company,” “we” or “us”) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on rare respiratory diseases. The Company’s sole program, molgramostim nebulizer solution (“molgramostim”), a novel inhaled biologic, is a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in Phase 3 development for autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (“aPAP”). The Company and its wholly-owned domestic and foreign subsidiaries operate inone segment with its principal office in Langhorne, Pennsylvania, though a significant portion of employees work remotely.

Since inception, Savara has devoted its efforts and resources to identifying and developing its product candidates, recruiting personnel, and raising capital. Savara has incurred operating losses and negative cash flow from operations and hasno product revenue from inception to date. The Company has not yet commenced commercial operations.

  1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) as defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and reflect, in the opinion of management, all adjustments that are necessary to fairly present the statements of financial position, operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The results of operations for interim periods shown in this report are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024 or for any other future annual or interim period.

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been omitted from these condensed consolidated financial statements, as permitted by rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company believes the disclosures made in these condensed consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information herein not misleading. The Company recommends that these condensed consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with its audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the audited consolidated financial statements. There have been no changes to the Company's significant accounting policies since the date of those financial statements.

Principles of Consolidation

The interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company are stated in U.S. dollars and are prepared under U.S. GAAP. These condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. The financial statements of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries are recorded in their functional currency and translated into the reporting currency. The cumulative effect of changes in exchange rates between the foreign entity’s functional currency and the reporting currency is reported in Accumulated other comprehensive lossin the condensed consolidated balance sheet. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2023 has been derived from the Company's audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.

Liquidity

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately$413.7 million. The Company used cash in operating activities of approximately$20.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The cost to further develop and obtain regulatory approval for any drug is substantial and, as noted below, the Company may have to take certain steps to maintain a positive cash position. Although the Company has sufficient capital to fund many of its planned activities, it may need to continue to raise additional capital to further fund the development of, and seek regulatory approvals for, its product candidate and begin to commercialize any approved product.

The Company is currently focused on the development of molgramostim for the treatment of aPAP and believes such activities will result in the continued incurrence of significant research and development and other expenses related to this program. If the clinical trial for the Company’s product candidate fails or produces unsuccessful results and the product candidate does not gain regulatory approval or, if approved, fails to achieve market acceptance, the Company may never become profitable. Even if the Company achieves profitability in the future, it may not be able to sustain profitability in subsequent periods. The Company intends to cover its future operating expenses through cash and cash equivalents on hand, short-term investments, and through a combination of equity offerings, debt financings, government or other third-party funding, and other collaborations and strategic alliances with partner companies. The Company cannot be sure that additional financing will be available when needed or that, if available, financing will be obtained on terms favorable to the Company or its stockholders.

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents of$16.8 million and short-term investments of$126.3 million as of March 31, 2024 are sufficient to fund the Company’s operations for at least the next twelve months subsequent to the issuance date of these condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company may continue to raise additional capital as needed through the issuance of additional equity securities and potentially through borrowings and strategic alliances with partner companies. However, if such additional financing is not available timely and at adequate levels, the Company will need to reevaluate its long-term operating plans. The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

In order to mitigate risks associated with our banking deposits, the Company maintains a significant portion of its liquidity in U.S. Treasury money market funds and other short-term investments with custodial services provided by U.S. Bank, N.A., refer to Note 5. Short-term Investments and Note 7. Fair Value Measurements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management’s estimates include, but are not limited to, those related to the accrual and prepayment of research and development expenses and general and administrative costs, certain financial instruments recorded at fair value, stock-based compensation, and the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience, changes in circumstance and facts, and on various other market-specific and relevant assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accordingly, actual results could be materially different from those estimates.

Risks and Uncertainties

The product candidate being developed by the Company requires approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) or foreign regulatory agencies prior to commercial sales. There can be no assurance that the Company’s product candidate will receive the necessary approvals. If the Company is denied regulatory approval of its product candidate, or if approval is delayed, it will have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, results of operations, and its financial position.

The Company is subject to a number of risks similar to other life science companies, including, but not limited to, risks related to the successful discovery and development of drug candidates, raising additional capital, development of competing drugs and therapies, protection of proprietary technology, and market acceptance of the Company’s product. As a result of these and other factors and the related uncertainties, there can be no assurance of the Company’s future success.

Concentration of Credit Risk

We are subject to credit risk from our portfolio of cash equivalents and marketable securities. These investments were made in accordance with our investment policy which specifies the categories, allocations, and ratings of securities we may consider for investment. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive without significantly increasing risk. We maintain our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities with a limited number of financial institutions. Deposits held with the financial institutions exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. We are exposed to credit risk in the event of a default by the financial institutions holding our cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities to the extent recorded on the consolidated balance sheets.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in making decisions on how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company's chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. We haveone operating segment, specialty pharmaceuticals within the respiratory system.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

There are no recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, or the SEC that are believed by the Company's management to have a material effect, if any, on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

  1. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Prepaid contracted research and development costs$1,566$2,167
R&D tax credit receivable796814
Prepaid insurance133176
VAT receivable146191
Deposits and other503280
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets$3,144$3,628

Prepaid Contracted Research and Development Costs

As of March 31, 2024, Prepaid contracted research and development costs are primarily comprised of contractual prepayments associated with the Company's clinical trial for molgramostim for the treatment of aPAP. This includes prepaid amounts paid under agreements with contract research organizations (“CROs”), contract manufacturing organizations (“CMOs”), and other outside service providers that provide services in connection with the Company's research and development activities.

R&D Tax Credit Receivable

The Company has recorded a Danish tax credit earned by its subsidiary, Savara ApS, as of March 31, 2024. Under Danish tax law, Denmark remits a research and development tax credit equal to 22% of qualified research and development expenditures, not to exceed established thresholds. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company generated a Danish tax credit of $0.8 million, which is included in Prepaid expenses and other current assets and is expected to be received in the fourth quarter of 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company generated a Danish tax credit of$0.8 million, which is recorded in Other non-current assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and is expected to be received in the fourth quarter of 2025.

  1. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of (in thousands):

March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Accrued compensation$757$4,046
Accrued contracted research and development costs4,3552,166
Accrued general and administrative costs1,698738
Lease liability147143
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities$6,957$7,093

Accrued Compensation

As of March 31, 2024, Accrued compensation includes amounts to be paid to employees for salary, bonuses, vacation and non-equity performance-based compensation. At the end of any period, the amounts accrued for such compensation may vary due to many factors including, but not limited to, timing of payments to employees and vacation usage.

Accrued Contracted Research and Development Costs

As of March 31, 2024, Accrued contracted research and development costs are primarily comprised of costs associated with molgramostim for the treatment of aPAP, including expenses resulting from obligations under agreements with CROs, CMOs, and other outside service providers that provide services in connection with the Company's research and development activities.

  1. Short-term Investments

The Company’s investment policy seeks to preserve capital and maintain sufficient liquidity to meet operational and other needs of the business. The following table summarizes, by major security type, the Company’s investments (in thousands):

As of March 31, 2024Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
Short-term investments
U.S. government securities$126,319$22$(83)$126,258
Total short-term investments$126,319$22$(83)$126,258
As of December 31, 2023Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
Short-term investments
U.S. government securities$135,541$194$(1)$135,734
Total short-term investments$135,541$194$(1)$135,734

The Company has classified its investments as available-for-sale securities. These securities are carried at estimated fair value with the aggregate unrealized gains and losses related to these investments reflected as a part of Accumulated other comprehensive loss in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Classification as short-term or long-term is based upon whether the initial maturity of the debt securities is less than or greater than twelve months.

There wereno significant realized gains or losses related to investments for thethree months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

  1. Long-term Debt

On April 21, 2022, the Company and its subsidiary, Aravas Inc. (“Aravas”) entered into an Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement (the “Amended Loan Agreement”), as co-borrowers, and Silicon Valley Bank, as lender (the “Lender”) which provides for a $26.5 million term loan facility.

Pursuant to the Amended Loan Agreement, the loan has an interest-only monthly payment through April 21, 2026 (the “Interest-Only Period”) and thereafter equal monthly installments of principal plus interest over 12 months until April 21, 2027 (the “Maturity Date”). However, the Company may elect to extend the Interest-Only Period until the Maturity Date if it maintains cash and cash equivalents equal to at least 1.75 times the outstanding principal amount of the loan during the fifth year. If the Interest-Only Period is extended, all principal and unpaid interest is due and payable on the Maturity Date.

The loan bears interest at a floating rate equal to the greater of (i)3% and (ii) the prime rate reported in The Wall Street Journal, minus a spread of 0.5%. The Company is obligated to pay customary closing fees and a final payment of 2.75% of the principal amount advanced under the facility. The Company may prepay the loan in whole or in part at any time, subject to a prepayment fee of 1.0% if prepaid between the first and second anniversaries of the closing date. Following the second anniversary, there is no prepayment fee.

The Lender was granted a perfected first priority lien in all of the Company's assets with a negative pledge on intellectual property. The Amended Loan Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants, including among others, covenants that limit the Company's and its subsidiaries’ ability to dispose of assets, permit a change in control, merge or consolidate, make acquisitions, incur indebtedness, grant liens, make investments, make certain restricted payments, and enter into transactions with affiliates, in each case subject to certain exceptions.

Additionally, the Amended Loan Agreement contains an affirmative covenant providing that if the Company’s balance of cash and cash equivalents falls below $40.0 million, the Company is required to maintain cash and cash equivalents equal to at least (i) six months of operating expenses and (ii) 1.2 times the outstanding principal amount of the loan (or 1.75 in the final year of the loan if the Interest-Only Period is extended).

Approximately $0.1 million of fees paid to the Lender were capitalized and will be amortized over the term of the Amended Loan Agreement. Expenses paid to third parties associated with the Amended Loan Agreement were immediately expensed and recorded in the Interest income (expense) line item in our consolidated statement of operations.

Summary of Carrying Value

The following table summarizes the components of the long-term debt carrying value, which approximates the fair value (in thousands):

Future minimum payments due during the year ended December 31,March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
2024$—$—
2025——
202617,66717,667
20279,5629,562
Total future minimum payments27,22927,229
Unamortized end of term charge(445)(482)
Debt issuance costs(338)(366)
Debt discount related to warrants(30)(33)
Total debt26,41626,348
Current portion of long-term debt——
Long-term debt$26,416$26,348
  1. Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures and reports certain financial instruments at fair value on a recurring basis and evaluates its financial instruments subject to fair value measurements on a recurring and nonrecurring basis to determine the appropriate level in which to classify them in each reporting period.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets and liabilities are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis, but are subject to fair value adjustments annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable. These assets and liabilities can include acquired in-process research and development (“IPR&D”) and other long-lived assets that are written down to fair value if they are impaired.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company experienced a decrease of approximately$0.2 million and an increase of approximately$0.2 million, respectively, in the carrying value of IPR&D due to foreign currency translation.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The Company determined that certain investments in debt securities classified as available-for-sale securities were Level 1 financial instruments.

Additional investments in corporate debt securities, commercial paper, and asset-backed securities are considered Level 2 financial instruments because the Company has access to quoted prices but does not have visibility to the volume and frequency of trading for all of these investments. For the Company’s investments, a market approach is used for recurring fair value measurements and the valuation techniques use inputs that are observable, or can be corroborated by observable data, in an active marketplace.

The fair value of these instruments as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

Quoted Prices inActive Markets forIdentical Assets(Level 1)SignificantOtherObservableInputs(Level 2)SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)Total
Cash equivalents:
U.S. Treasury money market funds$16,027$—$—$16,027
Short-term investments:
U.S. government securities126,258——126,258
Cash equivalents:
U.S. Treasury money market funds$17,270$—$—$17,270
Short-term investments:
U.S. government securities135,734——135,734

The Company didnot transfer any assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis to or from Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 during thethree months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

  1. Stockholders’ Equity

Registered Direct Offering of Common Stock

On July 17, 2023, the Company sold (i) an aggregate of 21,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Common Stock”) for $3.00 per share which represented a 1% premium over the closing price on that date and (ii) pre-funded warrants to purchase an aggregate of 5,666,667 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.001 per share (the “2023 Pre-Funded Warrants”) for $2.999 per warrant pursuant to a Registered Direct Offering (the “July 2023 Offering”). The Common Stock and 2023 Pre-Funded Warrants were offered by the Company pursuant to its existing shelf registration statement (File No. 333-257709) filed with the SEC on July 6, 2021 and declared effective on July 16, 2021.

The Company determined that the securities issued in the July 2023 Offering were free-standing and that the 2023 Pre-Funded Warrants meet the equity classification requirements pursuant to ASC 480, Distinguishing Liability from Equity, ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging and Subtopic 815-40, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity. The 2023 Pre-Funded Warrants were sold at the same price as the underlying common stock, less $0.001 (which represents the exercise price of the warrants).

The July 2023 Offering resulted in net proceeds to the Company of approximately $74.9 million, after deducting final underwriting discounts, commissions, and other estimated offering expenses, as follows (in thousands):

Financial instrumentsProceeds
Common stock$63,000
2023 Pre-funded warrants16,994
Total79,994
Offering expenses$(5,120)
Net proceeds$74,874

The Company intends to use the net proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes, which include, but are not limited to, the funding of clinical development of and pursuing regulatory approval for molgramostim, investing in our commercialization infrastructure, commercial launch preparation activities in the United States and European Union, and administrative expenses.

Evercore Common Stock Sales Agreement

On July 6, 2021, the Company entered into a Common Stock Sales Agreement with Evercore Group L.L.C. (“Evercore”), as sales agent (the “Sales Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through Evercore, shares of Savara’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Shares”), having an aggregate offering price of not more than $60.0 million. The Sales Agreement was effective on July 16, 2021, the date the Registration Statement was declared effective by the SEC. The Shares will be offered and sold pursuant to the Registration Statement. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, Evercore will use commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares from time to time, based upon the Company’s instructions. The Company has provided Evercore with customary indemnification rights, and Evercore will be entitled to a commission at a fixed commission rate equal to 3% of the gross proceeds per Share sold. Sales of the Shares, if any, under the Sales Agreement may be made in transactions that are deemed to be “at the market offerings” as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company has no obligation to sell any of the Shares and may at any time suspend sales under the Sales Agreement or terminate the Sales Agreement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company didnot sell any shares of common stock under the Sales Agreement.

Common Stock Reserved for Issuance

The Company’s shares of common stock reserved for issuance as of the periods indicated were as follows:

March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
April 2017 Warrants24,72524,725
June 2017 Warrants41,73641,736
December 2018 Warrants11,33211,332
2017 Pre-funded Warrants775,000775,000
Pre-funded PIPE Warrants5,780,5375,780,537
2021 Pre-funded Warrants32,175,17232,175,172
2023 Pre-funded Warrants5,666,6675,666,667
Stock options outstanding9,794,3179,633,067
Issued and nonvested RSUs3,626,6873,488,250
Total shares reserved57,896,17357,596,486

Warrants

The following table summarizes the outstanding warrants for the Company’s common stock as of March 31, 2024:

Expiration DateShares UnderlyingOutstanding WarrantsExercise Price
October 2024775,000$0.01
April 202724,725$2.87
June 202741,736$2.87
December 202811,332$2.87
None43,622,376$0.001

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Information

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as of the dates indicated and the change during the period were (in thousands):

Foreign Exchange Translation AdjustmentUnrealized Gain (Loss) on ST InvestmentsTotal Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance, December 31, 2022$(594)$(11)$(605)
Change$133$201$334
Balance, December 31, 2023$(461)$190$(271)
Change$(220)$(251)$(471)
Balance, March 31, 2024$(681)$(61)$(742)
  1. Commitments and Contingencies

Manufacturing and Other Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is subject to various royalties and manufacturing and development payments related to its product candidate, molgramostim. Under a manufacture and supply agreement with the active pharmaceutical ingredients (“API”) manufacturer for molgramostim, as amended on December 7, 2022 and December 13, 2023, the Company must make certain payments to the API manufacturer upon achievement of the milestones outlined in the table set forth below. Additionally, upon first receipt of marketing approval by the Company from a regulatory authority in a country for a product containing the API for therapeutic use in humans and ending the earlier of (i) ten (10) years thereafter or (ii) the date a biosimilar of such product is first sold in such country, the Company shall pay the API manufacturer a royalty equal to low-single digits of the net sales in that country.

Additionally, the Company is subject to a purchase requirement under which for ten years following the date of receipt of approval by a regulatory authority of the first regulatory filing for the marketing and sale of the first molgramostim product in any country, each year, the Company will purchase from the API manufacturer the API required to produce a percentage of such molgramostim product it sells (the “Purchase Requirement”); provided, however, that the Purchase Requirement will no longer apply if (i) the price charged by the API manufacturer exceeds a certain price charged by an alternative supplier, (ii) there is a shortage of supply, or (iii) API manufacturer at any time fails to materially fulfill a purchase order of the Company.

Similarly, the Company may become subject to additional milestone payments for the achievement of certain manufacturing protocols of molgramostim pursuant to a services agreement entered into on December 21, 2022 with a second source product manufacturer, as well as, an integrated contract research and Contract development and manufacturing organization, pursuant to a service agreement, serving as an additional source of manufacturing of molgramostim drug substances. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had no significant obligations for any such milestone payments to either of these additional source product manufacturers.

The Company is also subject to certain contingent milestone payments, disclosed in the following table, payable to the manufacturer of the nebulizer used to administer molgramostim. In addition to these milestones, the Company will owe a royalty of three-and one-half percent (3.5%) to the manufacturer of the nebulizer based on net sales.

The following table summarizes manufacturing commitments and contingencies as of the period indicated (in thousands):

Molgramostim manufacturer:
Achievement of certain milestones related to validation of API and regulatory approval of molgramostim$1,300
Molgramostim nebulizer manufacturer:
Achievement of various development activities and regulatory approval of nebulizer utilized to administer molgramostim540
Total manufacturing and other commitments and contingencies$1,840

The milestone commitments disclosed above reflect the activities that have (i) not been met or incurred; (ii) not been remunerated; and (iii) not accrued, as the activities are not deemed probable or reasonably estimable, as of March 31, 2024.

Further, in February 2024, the Company entered into a master services agreement with an additional second source manufacturer to provide development and manufacturing services related to API for the Company’s molgramostim product candidate in accordance with the terms of separate scope of work agreements to be entered into by the parties and to perform a manufacturing campaign for process performance qualification of the API of molgramostim. Under that master services agreement, work orders and subsequent change orders, the Company is currently obligated to pay the second source manufacturer, in total, estimated fees of$17.2 million of which approximately$1.4 million has been paid and/or accrued through March 31, 2024. These costs are subject to various cancellation fees ranging from ten percent (10%) to one hundred percent (100%) of the cost of the respective activity based upon the timing of the commencement date and status of the activity.

Contract Research

As part of its development of molgramostim for the treatment of aPAP, the Company entered into a Master Services Agreement (“MSA”) with Parexel International (IRL) Limited (“Parexel”) pursuant to which Parexel will provide contract research services related to clinical trials. Contemporaneously with entering the MSA, a work order was executed with Parexel, under which they will provide services related to the IMPALA-2 trial. Under that work order and subsequent change orders, the Company will pay Parexel service fees, pass-through expenses, and investigator fees estimated to be approximately$41.5 million over the course of the IMPALA-2 clinical trial.

Risk Management

The Company maintains various forms of insurance that the Company's management believes are adequate to reduce the exposure to certain risks associated with operating the Company’s business to an acceptable level.

  1. Stock-Based Compensation

Equity Incentive Plans

2008 Stock Option Plan

The Company adopted the Savara Inc. Stock Option Plan (the “2008 Plan”), pursuant to which the Company reserved shares for issuance to employees, directors, and consultants. The 2008 Plan includes (i) the option grant program providing for both incentive and non-qualified stock options, as defined by the Internal Revenue Code, and (ii) the stock issuance program providing for the issuance of awards that are valued based upon common stock, including restricted stock, dividend equivalents, stock appreciation rights, phantom stock, and performance units. The 2008 Plan also allows eligible persons to purchase shares of common stock at an amount determined by the plan administrator. Upon a participant’s termination, the Company retains the right to repurchase nonvested shares issued in conjunction with the stock issuance program at the fair market value per share as of the date of termination.

The Company had previously issued incentive and non-qualified options and restricted stock to employees and non-employees under the 2008 Plan. The terms of the stock options, including the exercise price per share and vesting provisions, were determined by the board of directors. Stock options were granted at exercise prices not less than the estimated fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant based upon objective and subjective factors including: third-party valuations, preferred stock transactions with third parties, current operating and financial performance, management estimates, and future expectations.

The Companyno longer issues stock-based awards under the 2008 Plan.

Amended and Restated 2015 Omnibus Incentive Option Plan

The Company operates the Amended and Restated 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended and restated with approval by the Company's stockholders in June 2018 and amended with approval by our stockholders in May 2020, June 2022 and June 2023 (the “2015 Plan”). The 2015 Plan provides for the grant of incentive and non-statutory stock options, as well as share appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance units, shares, and other stock-based awards. Share-based awards are subject to terms and conditions established by the board of directors or the compensation committee of the board of directors. As of March 31, 2024, the number of shares of common stock available for grant under the 2015 Plan was 1,007,502 shares.

Under both the 2008 Plan and 2015 Plan, stock options typically vest quarterly over four years and expireten years from the grant date and RSUs typically cliff vest aftertwo years.

2021 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan

The Company adopted the 2021 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan in May 2021 and amended it in September 2021, September 2022, December 2022, March 2023, June 2023 and February 2024 (as amended, the “Inducement Plan”). The Inducement Plan provides for the grant of non-statutory stock options, restricted stock, RSUs, stock appreciation rights, performance units, and performance shares. Each award under the Inducement Plan is intended to qualify as an employment inducement grant in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4). As of March 31, 2024, the number of shares of common stock available for grant under the Inducement Plan was 475,592 shares.

Under the Inducement Plan, stock options typically vest quarterly over four years and expireten years from the grant date and RSUs typically cliff vest aftertwo years.

Stock-Based Awards Activity

The following table provides a summary of stock-based awards activity for thethree months ended March 31, 2024:

Stock Options:

Outstanding at December 31, 20239,633,067
Granted195,000
Exercised(33,750)
Expired/cancelled/forfeited—
Outstanding at March 31, 20249,794,317

The total compensation cost related to non-vested stock options not yet recognized as of March 31, 2024, was$8.3 million, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 3.2 years.

RSUs:

Outstanding at December 31, 20233,488,250
Granted140,000
Vested(1,563)
Forfeited—
Outstanding at March 31, 20243,626,687

The total compensation cost related to unvested RSUs not yet recognized as of March 31, 2024, was$9.3 million, which will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.5 years.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense is included in the following line items in the accompanying statements of operations and comprehensive loss for thethree months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

Three months ended March 31,
20242023
Research and development$1,303$255
General and administrative954609
Total stock-based compensation$2,257$864
  1. Net Loss per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common stock and pre-funded warrants outstanding during the period without consideration of common stock equivalents. For periods in which the Company generated a net loss, the Company does not include the potential impact of dilutive securities in diluted net loss per share, as the impact of these items is anti-dilutive.

The following equity instruments were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented:

Three months ended March 31,
20242023
Awards under equity incentive plan9,794,3178,439,119
Non-vested restricted shares and restricted stock units3,626,6872,140,437
Warrants to purchase common stock(*)77,79377,793
Total13,498,79710,657,349
  • Pre-funded warrants are excluded herein.

The following table calculates basic earnings per share of common stock and diluted earnings per share of common stock for thethree months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands, except share and per share amounts):

Three months ended March 31,
20242023
Net loss$(20,346)$(10,557)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders(20,346)(10,557)
Undistributed earnings and net loss attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted(20,346)(10,557)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted182,550,109152,781,580
Basic and diluted EPS$(0.11)$(0.07)
  1. Subseq uent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date these condensed consolidated financial statements were issued and determined there were no additional events that required disclosure or recognition in these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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