ARMSTRONG WORLD INDUSTRIES INC

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income

(amounts in millions, except per share data)

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(amounts in millions, except share and per share data)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(amounts in millions)

NOTE 1. BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Armstrong World Industries, Inc. (“AWI”) is a Pennsylvania corporation incorporated in 1891. When we refer to “AWI,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” in these notes, we are referring to AWI and its subsidiaries.

Except as disclosed in this note, the accounting policies used in preparing the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-Q are the same as those used in preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2023. These statements should therefore be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes that are included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. In the opinion of management, all adjustments of a normal recurring nature have been included to provide a fair statement of the results for the reporting periods presented. Operating results for the first quarter of 2024 and 2023 included in this report are unaudited. Quarterly results are not necessarily indicative of annual earnings, primarily due to the different level of sales in each quarter of the year and the possibility of changes in general economic conditions.

These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The statements include management estimates and judgments, where appropriate. Management utilizes estimates to record many items, including certain asset values, contingent purchase price liabilities, allowances for bad debts, inventory obsolescence and lower of cost and net realizable value charges, warranty reserves, workers’ compensation, general liability and environmental claims, and income taxes. When preparing an estimate, management determines the amount based upon the consideration of relevant information and may confer with outside parties, including external counsel. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Acquisitions and Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates

In January 2024, we entered into a strategic partnership and equity investment in Overcast Innovations LLC (“Overcast”) with McKinstry Essention, LLC whereby we contributed $5.5 million in exchange for a 19.5% ownership interest in Overcast, with future rights to increase our ownership interest. Overcast is a solutions company offering prefabricated ceiling cloud systems, modular grid platforms and engineering design services to reduce waste and inefficiencies in the built environment. Our investment and equity earnings in Overcast are included in our Unallocated Corporate segment.

In October 2023, we acquired a portion of the business and certain assets of Insolcorp, LLC (“Insolcorp”), based in Albemarle, NC, used to develop, test and manufacture energy saving products deployed in building and roofing installations. The acquired operations, assets and liabilities of Insolcorp are included in our Mineral Fiber segment.

In July 2023, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding stock of BOK Modern, LLC (“BOK”), based in San Rafael, CA. BOK is a designer of metal facade architectural solutions. The operations, assets and liabilities of BOK are included in our Architectural Specialties segment.

Subsequent Event

In April 2024, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding membership interests in 3form, LLC, a subsidiary of Hunter Douglas, Inc. (“3form”), for a purchase price of $95.0 million. 3form, based in Salt Lake City, UT, is a designer and manufacturer of architectural resin and glass products used for specialty walls, partitions and ceilings, with three U.S. based production and design facilities and 2023 revenues of approximately $96 million.

NOTE 2. SEGMENT RESULTS

Our product-based Mineral Fiber and Architectural Specialties segment net sales represent the product-based group offerings we sell to external customers.

NOTE 3. REVENUE

Disaggregation of Revenues

Our Mineral Fiber and Architectural Specialties operating segments both manufacture and sell ceiling and wall systems (primarily mineral fiber, fiberglass wool, metal, wood, felt, wood fiber and glass-reinforced-gypsum) throughout the Americas. We disaggregate revenue based on our product-based segments and major customer channels, as they represent the most appropriate depiction of how the nature, amount and timing of revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Net sales by major customer channel are as follows:

Distributors – represents net sales to building materials distributors who re-sell our products to contractors, subcontractors’ alliances, large architect and design firms, and major facility owners. Geographically, this category includes sales throughout the U.S., Canada, and Latin America.

Home centers – represents net sales to home centers, such as Lowe’s Companies, Inc. and The Home Depot, Inc. This category includes sales primarily to U.S. customers.

Direct customers – represents net sales to contractors, subcontractors, and large architect and design firms. This category includes sales primarily to U.S. customers.

Other – represents net sales to independent retailers and certain national account customers, including wholesalers who re-sell our products to dealers who service builders, contractors and consumers, online customers, major facility owners, group purchasing organizations and maintenance, repair and operating entities. Geographically, this category includes sales throughout the U.S., Canada, and Latin America.

The following tables provide net sales by major customer channel within our Mineral Fiber and Architectural Specialties segments for thethree months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

NOTE 4. ACCOUNTS AND NOTES RECEIVABLE

We sell our products to select, pre-approved customers whose businesses are affected by changes in economic and market conditions. We consider these factors and the financial condition of each customer when establishing our allowance for losses from doubtful accounts.

NOTE 5. INVENTORIES

NOTE 6. OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, assets held for sale included the land and property, plant and equipment of our idled Mineral Fiber plant in St. Helens, Oregon and the building and related land of an Architectural Specialties design center in Chicago, Illinois.

NOTE 7. INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates include our 50% equity interest in Worthington Armstrong Venture (“WAVE”), our joint venture with Worthington Enterprises, Inc., and our 19.5%equity interest in Overcast. Both the WAVE joint venture and Overcast investment are reflected within our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements using the equity method of accounting. WAVE is reflectedas a component of our Mineral Fiber segment while Overcast is included as a component of our Unallocated Corporate segment.

Condensed financial statement data for WAVE is summarized below.

The following table presents equity (earnings) loss from our unconsolidated affiliates for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

NOTE 8. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table details amounts related to our goodwill and intangible assets as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

The decrease in goodwill as of March 31, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023 was due to foreign exchange movements.

NOTE 9. OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS

NOTE 10. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES

NOTE 11. INCOME TAX EXPENSE

The effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2024 was lower compared to the same period in 2023 due primarily to an increase in our valuation allowance for capital loss carryforwards recorded in the first quarter of 2023.

It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits could significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. However, an estimate of the range of reasonably possible outcomes cannot be reliably made at this time. Changes to unrecognized tax benefits could result from the expiration of statutes of limitations, the completion of ongoing examinations, or other unforeseen circumstances.

NOTE 12. DEBT

Our long-term debt is comprised of borrowings outstanding under our $950.0 million variable rate senior credit facility, which is comprised of a $500.0 million revolving credit facility (with a $150.0 million sublimit for letters of credit) and a $450.0 million Term Loan A. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the principal balance of our Term Loan A was $444.4 million and $450.0 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility were $140.0 million. We also have a $25.0 million bi-lateral letter of credit facility.

We utilize lines of credit and other commercial commitments to ensure that adequate funds are available to meet operating requirements. Letters of credit are currently arranged through our revolving credit facility and our bi-lateral facility. Letters of credit may be issued to third party suppliers, insurance companies and financial institutions and typically can only be drawn upon in the event of AWI’s failure to pay its obligations to the beneficiary. The following table presents details related to our letters of credit facilities:

NOTE 13. PENSIONS AND OTHER BENEFIT PROGRAMS

Following are the components of net periodic benefit costs (credits):

Excluded from the table above is the net periodic pension cost associated with an unfunded defined benefit pension plan in Germany that was not included as part of prior dispositions. This plan is reported as a component of our Unallocated Corporate segment. Net periodic pension cost for this plan was immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

The service cost component of net benefit cost has been presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income within cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses for all periods presented, which are the same line items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income separately from the service cost component within other non-operating income, net.

NOTE 14. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND CONTINGENT CONSIDERATION

We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. The estimated fair values of our financial instruments and contingent consideration are as follows:

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, customer receivables and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. The fair value estimates of long-term debt are based on data for our Term Loan A debt from a major financial institution. The fair value estimates for interest rate swap contracts are estimated with the assistance of third-party valuation experts and verified by obtaining quotes from major financial institutions. We engaged an independent, third-party valuation specialist to determine the fair value estimate for acquisition-related contingent consideration payable based on performance, which were primarily measured using a Monte Carlo simulation.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities represented additional cash consideration payable related to our acquisitions of Insolcorp and BOK that will be paid upon the final achievement of certain financial and performance milestones. As of March 31, 2024, $0.6 million of acquisition-related contingent consideration was classified as accounts payable and other accrued expenses, while $0.7 million was classified as other long-term liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. As of December 31, 2023, $1.6 million was classified as other long-term liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; or

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

The fair value measurement of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets is summarized below:

Acquisition-related contingent consideration of $1.3 million and $1.6 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, was measured with the use of significant unobservable inputs, which included financial projections over respective earn-out periods, the volatility of the underlying financial metrics and estimated discount rates. All changes in acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities subsequent to the initial acquisition-date measurements were recorded as a component of operating income on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income.

The following table summarizes the weighted-average of the significant unobservable inputs as of March 31, 2024:

The changes in fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration liabilities for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the change in fair value was primarily due to changes in financial projections over each entity’s earn-out periods and due to changes in valuation inputs.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we paid $15.2 million of additional cash consideration, which represented the final achievement of certain financial and performance milestones through December 31, 2022 for the July 2020 acquisition of TURF Design, Inc. The additional cash consideration paid was classified as cash flows from financing activities in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, up to the acquisition date fair value. The portion of additional cash consideration paid in excess of the acquisition date fair value were classified as cash flows from operating activities in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

NOTE 15. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices that could impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. We use interest rate derivatives to manage our exposures to interest rates. At inception, interest rate swap derivatives that we designate as hedging instruments are formally documented as a hedge of a forecasted transaction or cash flow hedge. We also formally assess, both at inception and at least quarterly thereafter, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flows of the hedged item. If it is determined that a derivative ceases to be a highly effective hedge, or if the anticipated transaction is no longer probable of occurring, we discontinue hedge accounting and any future mark-to-market adjustments are recognized in earnings. We use derivative financial instruments as risk management tools and not for speculative trading purposes.

Counterparty Risk

We only enter into derivative transactions with established financial institution counterparties having an investment-grade credit rating. We monitor counterparty credit ratings on a regular basis. All of our derivative transactions with counterparties are governed by master International Swap and Derivatives Association agreements (“ISDAs”) with netting arrangements. These agreements can limit our exposure in situations where we have gain and loss positions outstanding with a single counterparty. We do not post nor do we receive cash collateral with any counterparty for our derivative transactions. These ISDAs do not have any credit contingent features; however, a default under our bank credit facility would trigger a default under these agreements. Exposure to individual counterparties is controlled and we consider the risk of counterparty default to be negligible.

Interest Rate Risk

We utilize interest rate swaps to minimize the fluctuations in earnings caused by interest rate volatility. These swaps are designated as cash flow hedges against changes in interest rates for a portion of our variable rate debt.

The following table summarizes our interest rate swaps as of March 31, 2024:

Under the terms the interest rate swap with a November 28, 2018 trade date above, we pay a fixed rate monthly and receive a floating rate based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), inclusive of a 0% floor. Under the terms of all remaining interest rate swaps above, we pay a fixed rate monthly and receive a floating rate based on SOFR.

Financial Statement Impacts

The following tables detail amounts related to our derivatives as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. We did not have any derivative assets or liabilities not designated as hedging instruments as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023. The derivative asset amounts below are shown gross and have not been netted.

As of March 31, 2024, the amount of existing gains in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”) expected to be recognized in net earnings over the next twelve months was$3.4 million.

NOTE 16. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock Repurchase Plan

On July 29, 2016, our Board of Directors approved our share repurchase program authorizing us to repurchase up to $150.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock (the “Program”). Since inception of the Program, we have been further authorized to repurchase up to an aggregate of $1,700.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock through December 31, 2026. We had $701.8 million remaining under the Board’s repurchase authorization as of March 31, 2024.

Repurchases under the Program may be made through open market, block and privately negotiated transactions, including

Rule 10b5-1 plans, at such times and in such amounts as management deems appropriate, subject to market and business conditions, regulatory requirements and other factors. The Program does not obligate AWI to repurchase any particular amount of common stock and may be suspended or discontinued at any time without notice.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we repurchased 0.1 million shares under the Program for a total cost of $15.0 million, excluding commissions and taxes, or an average price of $105.20 per share. Since inception, we have repurchased 14.3 million shares under the Program for a total cost of $998.2 million, excluding commissions and taxes, or an average price of $69.68 per share.

Dividends

In February 2024, our Board of Directors declared a $0.28 per share quarterly dividend, which was paid to shareholders in March 2024. On April 24, 2024, our Board of Directors declared a $0.28 per share quarterly dividend to be paid on May 23, 2024.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)

(1) Amounts are net of tax.

NOTE 17. LITIGATION AND RELATED MATTERS

ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

Environmental Compliance

Our manufacturing and research facilities are affected by various federal, state and local requirements relating to the discharge of materials and the protection of the environment. We make expenditures necessary for compliance with applicable environmental requirements at each of our operating facilities. While these expenditures are not typically material, the applicable regulatory requirements continually change and, as a result, we cannot predict with certainty the amount, nature or timing of future expenditures associated with environmental compliance.

Environmental Sites

Summary

We are actively involved in the investigation and remediation of existing or potential environmental contamination under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) and state Superfund and similar environmental laws at two domestically owned locations allegedly resulting from past industrial activity.

In each location, we are one of multiple potentially responsible parties and have agreed to jointly fund the required investigation and remediation, while preserving our defenses to the liability. We may also have rights of contribution or reimbursement from other parties or coverage under applicable insurance policies. We have pursued coverage and recoveries under those applicable insurance policies with respect to certain of the sites, including the Macon, GA site and the Elizabeth City, NC site, each of which is summarized below. Other than disclosed below, we are unable to predict the outcome of these matters or the timing of any future recoveries, whether through settlement or otherwise. We are also unable to predict the extent to which any recoveries might cover our final share of investigation and remediation costs for these sites. Our final share of investigation and remediation costs may exceed any such recoveries, and such amounts net of insurance recoveries may be material.

Between 2017 and 2021, we entered settlement agreements totaling $53.0 million with certain legacy insurance carriers to resolve ongoing litigation and recover fees and costs previously incurred by us in connection with certain environmental sites. These settlements were recorded as reductions to cost of goods sold and SG&A expenses, reflecting the same income statement categories where environmental expenditures were historically recorded. Beginning in 2020, cumulative insurance recoveries exceeded cumulative expenses to date related to the respective environmental sites and the excess was recorded within long-term liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, insurance recoveries in excess of cumulative expenses were $2.6 million. The excess recoveries will be released to offset any future expenses, including additional reserves for potential liabilities, incurred on the respective environmental sites. We may enter into additional settlement agreements in the future, which may or may not be material, with other legacy insurers to obtain reimbursement or contribution for environmental site expenses.

Estimates of our future liability at the environmental sites are based on evaluations of currently available facts regarding each individual site. We consider factors such as our activities associated with the site, existing technology, presently enacted laws and regulations and prior company experience in remediating contaminated sites. Although current law imposes joint and several liability on all parties at Superfund sites, our contribution to the remediation of these sites is expected to be limited by the number of other companies potentially liable for site remediation. As a result, our estimated liability reflects only our expected share. In determining the probability of contribution, we consider the solvency of other parties, the site activities of other parties, whether liability is being disputed, the terms of any existing agreements and experience with similar matters, and the effect of our October 2006 Chapter 11 reorganization upon the validity of the claim, if any.

Specific Material Events

Macon, GA

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) has listedtwo landfills located on a portion of our facility in Macon, GA, along with the former Macon Naval Ordnance Plant landfill adjacent to our property, portions of Rocky Creek, and certain tributaries leading to Rocky Creek (collectively, the “Macon Site”) as a Superfund site on the National Priorities List due to the presence of contaminants, most notably polychlorinated biphenyls (“PCBs”).

In September 2010, we entered into an Administrative Order on Consent for a Removal Action (the “Removal Action”) with the EPA to investigate PCB contamination inone of the landfills on our property, the Wastewater Treatment Plant Landfill (“Operable Unit 1”). After completing an investigation of Operable Unit 1 and submitting our final Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis, the EPA issued an Action Memorandum in July 2013 selecting our recommended remedy for the Removal Action. The Operable Unit 1 response action is complete and the final report was submitted to the EPA in October 2016. The EPA approved the final report in November 2016, and a Post-Removal Control Plan was submitted to the EPA in March 2017. AWI has been conducting operation and maintenance activities of the completed remedy since 2017 consistent with the approved Post-Removal Control Plan.

In September 2015, AWI and other Potential Responsible Parties (“PRPs”) received a Special Notice Letter from the EPA under CERCLA inviting AWI and the PRPs to enter into the negotiation of a Remedial Investigation and Feasibility Study (“RI/FS”) with respect to the remainder of the Superfund site, which includes the other landfill on our property, as well as areas on and adjacent to our property and Rocky Creek (“Operable Unit 2”). We and the other PRPs entered into a settlement agreement with the EPA effective September 2018, in response to the Special Notice Letter to conduct the RI/FS. The PRPs submitted an RI/FS work plan, which was approved by the EPA in September 2019. Investigative work on this portion of the site commenced in December 2019.

In June 2021, the PRPs submitted a Site Characterization Summary Report (“SCSR”) for Operable Unit 2 to the EPA. The purpose of the SCSR was to demonstrate that the available data for Operable Unit 2 was adequate for the risk assessment and for the development of remedial action objectives. In the second half of 2022, the EPA and the PRP's agreed to separate all non-groundwater aspects of the site. In August 2022, the PRPs submitted a Human Health Baseline Risk Assessment to the EPA, and in December 2022, the PRPs submitted a final Baseline Ecological Risk Assessment for Operable Unit 2 to the EPA. Both risk assessments serve as exhibits to the Remedial Investigation Report (“RIR”), which the EPA approved in July 2023.

Based on findings in the RIR, the PRPs developed a draft Feasibility Study (“FS”) to identify and evaluate potential remedial alternatives for all non-groundwater elements of Operable Unit 2. The draft FS was submitted to the EPA in August 2023. The EPA and the State of Georgia provided comments in October 2023 and a revised FS was submitted in November 2023. The EPA is currently reviewing the FS and will ultimately select a remedy and issue a Proposed Remedial Action Plan for the non-groundwater elements at the site. The PRPs are now turning attention to completing the Remedial Investigation for the groundwater beneath Operable Unit 2.

It is probable that we will incur field investigation, engineering and oversight costs associated with finalizing the FS for all non-groundwater elements of Operable Unit 2 and for completing an RI/FS for all groundwater elements of Operable Unit 2. We may also ultimately incur costs in remediating any contamination discovered during the RI/FS. The current estimate of future liability at this site includes only our estimated share of the costs of the investigative work that the EPA is requiring the PRPs to perform at this time. We are unable to reasonably estimate our final share of the total costs associated with the investigation work or any resulting remediation therefrom, although such amounts may be material to any one quarter's or year's results of operations in the future. We do not expect the total future costs to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity or financial condition as the cash payments may be made over many years.

Elizabeth City, NC

This site is a former cabinet manufacturing facility that from 1977 until 1996 was operated by Triangle Pacific Corporation, which became Armstrong Wood Products, Inc. (“AWP”), and is now known as AHF Products, LLC. The site was formerly owned by the U.S. Navy (“Navy”) and Westinghouse, which was purchased by Paramount Global (“Paramount”) (then known as CBS Corporation). We assumed ownership of the site when we acquired the stock of AWP in 1998. Prior to our acquisition, the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources listed the site as a hazardous waste site. In 1997, AWP entered into a cost sharing agreement with Westinghouse whereby the parties agreed to share equally in costs associated with investigation and potential remediation. In 2000, AWP and Paramount entered into an Administrative Order on Consent to conduct an RI/FS with the EPA for the site. In 2007, we and Paramount entered into an agreement with the Navy whereby the Navy agreed to pay one third of defined past and future investigative costs up to a certain amount, which has now been exhausted. The EPA approved the RI/FS work plan in August 2011. In January 2014, we submitted draft RI and Risk Assessment reports and conducted supplemental investigative work based upon agency comments to those reports. In connection with the separation of Armstrong Flooring, Inc. in 2016, we agreed to retain any legacy environmental liabilities associated with the AWP site. The EPA published an Interim Action Proposed Plan for the site in April 2018 seeking public comment until June 2018. The EPA evaluated comments, including ours, and has published its Interim Record Of Decision (“IROD”) selecting an interim cleanup approach. In September 2018, AWI and Paramount received a Special Notice Letter from the EPA under CERCLA inviting AWI and Paramount to enter into the negotiation of a settlement agreement to conduct or finance the response action at the site. In response to the September 2018 Special Notice Letter, we and Paramount submitted a good faith offer to the EPA in May 2019. In June 2021, we entered into a negotiated Partial Consent Decree and Site Participation Agreement with the EPA, Paramount and the U.S. on behalf of the Navy for the remedial design and remedial action for the interim remedy. Because the U.S. does not conduct work as a PRP at Superfund sites, similar to the 2007 agreement, the U.S. agreed to pay its share of the estimated costs of performing the work. The Partial Consent Decree was entered by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina in January 2022. A Remedial Design Work Plan (“RDWP”) for the site was submitted to the EPA in June 2022, and AWI and Paramount responded on November 2022 to comments received from the EPA in September 2022. The EPA approved the revised RDWP in February 2023 and in June 2023, the parties submitted a Pre-Design Investigation Work Plan. The EPA provided comments on the Pre-Design Investigation Work Plan in November 2023 and the revised document was submitted to the EPA in December 2023. In March 2024, the EPA issued a conditional approval of the Pre-Design Investigation Work Plan, subject to the Company and Paramount addressing the EPA comments on a component of the Work Plan within 60 days. The current estimate of future liability at this site includes only our estimated share of the costs of implementing the interim remedial action under the IROD. We are unable to reasonably estimate our final share of the total costs associated with the interim or final remediation at the site, although such amounts may be material to any one quarter's or one year’s results of operations in the future. We do not expect the total future costs to have a material adverse effect on our liquidity or financial condition as the cash payments may be made over many years.

Summary of Financial Position

Total liabilities, reflected within other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, for environmental matters that we consider probable and for which a reasonable estimate of the probable liability could be made were $0.5 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 we did not record any additional reserves for potential environmental liabilities. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recorded $0.1 million of additional reserves for potential environmental liabilities. As noted above, expenses associated with the additional reserves recorded in the first quarter of 2023 were offset through the release of a portion of the balance of insurance recoveries in excess of cumulative expenses. Where existing data is sufficient to estimate the liability, that estimate has been used; where only a range of probable liabilities is available and no amount within that range is more likely than any other, the lower end of the range has been used. As assessments and remediation activities progress at each site, these liabilities are reviewed to reflect new information as it becomes available and adjusted to reflect amounts actually incurred and paid. These liabilities are undiscounted.

The estimated environmental liabilities above do not take into account any claims for additional recoveries from insurance or third parties. It is our policy to record insurance recoveries as assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets when realizable. We incur costs to pursue environmental insurance recoveries, which are expensed as incurred.

Actual costs to be incurred at identified sites may vary from our estimates. Based on our knowledge of the identified sites, it is not possible to reasonably estimate future costs in excess of amounts already recognized.

OTHER CLAIMS

From time to time, we are involved in other various lawsuits, claims, investigations and other legal matters that arise in the ordinary course of business, including matters involving our products, intellectual property, relationships with suppliers, relationships with distributors, other customers or end users, relationships with competitors, employees and other matters. In connection with those matters, we may have rights of indemnity, contribution or reimbursement from other parties or coverage under applicable insurance policies. When applicable and appropriate, we will seek indemnity, contribution or reimbursement from other parties and pursue coverage and recoveries under those policies, but are unable to predict the outcome of those demands. While complete assurance cannot be given to the outcome of any proceedings relating to these matters, we do not believe that any current claims, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.

NOTE 18. NET EARNINGS PER SHARE

Net earnings attributable to common shares used in our basic and diluted net Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) calculations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, were equal to net earnings on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings and Comprehensive Income. EPS components may not add due to rounding.

The following table is a reconciliation of basic shares outstanding to diluted shares outstanding for thethree months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (shares in millions):

Anti-dilutive stock awards excluded from the computation of dilutive EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were 34,851 and 74,629, respectively.