Bain Capital Specialty Finance Inc

Note 1. Organization

Bain Capital Specialty Finance, Inc. (the “Company”, “we”, “our” and “us”) was formed on October 5, 2015 and commenced investment operations on October 13, 2016. The Company has elected to be treated and is regulated as a business development company (a “BDC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). In addition, for tax purposes the Company has elected to be treated and intends to operate in a manner so as to continuously qualify as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). The Company is externally managed by BCSF Advisors, LP (the “Advisor” or “BCSF Advisors”), our investment adviser that is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”). The Advisor also provides the administrative services necessary for the Company to operate (in such capacity, the “Administrator” or “BCSF Advisors”).

On November 19, 2018, the Company closed its initial public offering (the “IPO”), which was a Qualified IPO, issuing 7,500,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $20.25 per share. Shares of common stock of the Company began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “BCSF” on November 15, 2018.

The Company’s primary focus is capitalizing on opportunities within its Advisor’s Senior Direct Lending Strategy, which seeks to provide risk-adjusted returns and current income to its stockholders by investing primarily in middle-market companies with between $10.0 million and $150.0 million in EBITDA. The Company focuses on senior investments with a first or second lien on collateral and strong structures and documentation intended to protect the lender. The Company generally seeks to retain voting control in respect of the loans or particular classes of securities in which the Company invests through maintaining affirmative voting positions or negotiating consent rights that allow the Company to retain a blocking position. The Company may also invest in mezzanine debt and other junior securities and in secondary purchases of assets or portfolios, as described below. Investments are likely to include, among other things, (i) senior first lien, stretch senior, senior second lien, unitranche, (ii) mezzanine debt and other junior investments and (iii) secondary purchases of assets or portfolios that primarily consist of middle-market corporate debt. The Company may also invest, from time to time, in equity securities, distressed debt, debtor-in-possession loans, structured products, structurally subordinate loans, investments with deferred interest features, zero-coupon securities and defaulted securities.

Our operations comprise only a single reportable segment.

Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). The Company’s consolidated financial statements and related financial information have been prepared pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10‑K and Regulation S-X. These consolidated financial statements reflect adjustments that in the opinion of the Company are necessary for the fair statement of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented herein and are not necessarily indicative of the full fiscal year. The Company has determined it meets the definition of an investment company and follows the accounting and reporting guidance in the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 946 — Financial Services — Investment Companies. The functional currency of the Company is U.S. dollars and these consolidated financial statements have been prepared in that currency. Certain prior period information has been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation and this had no effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or the consolidated results of operations as previously reported.

Basis of Consolidation

The Company will generally consolidate any wholly, or substantially, owned subsidiary when the design and purpose of the subsidiary is to act as an extension of the Company’s investment operations and to facilitate the execution of the Company’s investment strategy. Accordingly, the Company consolidated the results of its subsidiaries BCSF I, BCSF II C, BCSF CFSH, LLC, BCSF CFS, LLC and BCC Middle Market CLO 2019‑1, LLC in its consolidated financial statements. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Since the Company is an investment company, portfolio investments held by the Company are not consolidated into the consolidated financial statements. The portfolio investments held by the Company (including its investments held by consolidated subsidiaries) are included on the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities as investments at fair value.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of increases and decreases in net assets from operations during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences could be material.

Valuation of Portfolio Investments

The Advisor shall value the investments owned by the Company, subject at all times to the oversight of the Board. The Advisor shall follow its own written valuation policies and procedures as approved by the Board when determining valuations. A short summary of the Advisor’s valuation policies is below.

Investments for which market quotations are readily available are typically valued at such market quotations. Pursuant to Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act, the Board designates the Advisor as Valuation Designee to perform fair value determinations for the Company for investments that do not have readily available market quotations. Market quotations are obtained from an independent pricing service, where available. If a price cannot be obtained from an independent pricing service or if the independent pricing service is not deemed to be current with the market, certain investments held by the Company will be valued on the basis of prices provided by principal market makers. Generally, investments marked in this manner will be marked at the mean of the bid and ask of the independent broker quotes obtained. To validate market quotations, the Company utilizes a number of factors to determine if the quotations are representative of fair value, including the source and number of quotations. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available will be valued at a price that reflects such security’s fair value.

With respect to unquoted portfolio investments, the Company will value each investment considering, among other measures, discounted cash flow models, comparable company multiple models, comparisons of financial ratios of peer companies that are public, and other factors. When an external event such as a purchase transaction, public offering or subsequent equity sale occurs, the Company will use the pricing indicated by the external event to corroborate and/or assist us in our valuation. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of our investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.

With respect to investments for which market quotations are not readily available, in particular, illiquid/hard to value assets, the Advisor will typically undertake a multi-step valuation process, which includes among other things, the below:

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The Company’s quarterly valuation process begins with each portfolio company or investment being initially valued by the investment professionals of the Advisor responsible for the portfolio investment;

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Preliminary valuation conclusions are then documented and discussed with the Company’s senior management and the Advisor;

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Generally investments that constitute a material portion of the Company’s portfolio are periodically reviewed by an independent valuation firm; and

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The Board and Audit Committee provide oversight with respect to the valuation process, including requesting such materials as they deem appropriate.

In following this approach, the types of factors that are taken into account in the fair value pricing of investments include, as relevant, but are not limited to: comparison to publicly traded securities, including factors such as yield, maturity and measures of credit quality; the enterprise value of a portfolio company; the nature and realizable value of any collateral; the portfolio company’s ability to make payments and its earnings and discounted cash flows; and the markets in which the portfolio company does business. In cases where an independent valuation firm provides fair valuations for investments, the independent valuation firm provides a fair valuation report, a description of the methodology used to determine the fair value and their analysis and calculations to support their conclusion.

The Company applies ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), which establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with US GAAP and required disclosures of fair value measurements. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company determines the fair value of investments consistent with its valuation policy. The Company discloses the fair value of its investments in a hierarchy which prioritizes and ranks the level of market observability used in the determination of fair value. In accordance with ASC 820, these levels are summarized below:

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Level 1 — Valuations based on quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

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Level 2 — Valuations based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly.

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Level 3 — Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

A financial instrument’s level within the hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Valuations of Level 2 investments are generally based on quotations received from pricing services, dealers or brokers. Consideration is given to the source and nature of the quotations and the relationship of recent market activity to the quotations provided.

Transfers between levels, if any, are recognized at the beginning of the reporting period in which the transfers occur. The Company evaluates the source of inputs used in the determination of fair value, including any markets in which the investments, or similar investments, are trading. When the fair value of an investment is determined using inputs from a pricing service (or principal market makers), the Company considers various criteria in determining whether the investment should be classified as a Level 2 or Level 3 investment. Criteria considered includes the pricing methodologies of the pricing services (or principal market makers) to determine if the inputs to the valuation are observable or unobservable, as well as the number of prices obtained and an assessment of the quality of the prices obtained. The level of an investment within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. However, the determination of what constitutes “observable” requires significant judgment.

The fair value assigned to these investments is based upon available information and may fluctuate from period to period. In addition, it does not necessarily represent the amount that might ultimately be realized upon sale. Due to inherent uncertainty of valuation, the estimated fair value of investments may differ from the value that would have been used had a ready market for the security existed, and the difference could be material.

Securities Transactions, Revenue Recognition and Expenses

The Company records its investment transactions on a trade date basis. The Company measures realized gains or losses by the difference between the net proceeds from the repayment or sale and the amortized cost basis of the investment, using the specified identification method. Interest income, adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount, is recorded on an accrual basis. Discount and premium to par value on investments acquired are accreted and amortized, respectively, into interest income over the life of the respective investment using the effective interest method. Commitment fees are recorded on an accrual basis and recognized as interest income. Loan origination fees, original issue discount and market discount or premium are capitalized and amortized against or accreted into interest income using the effective interest method or straight-line method, as applicable. For the Company’s investments in revolving bank loans, the cost basis of the investment purchased is adjusted for the cash received for the discount on the total balance committed. The fair value is also adjusted for price appreciation or depreciation on the unfunded portion. As a result, the purchase of commitments not completely funded may result in a negative value until it is offset by the future amounts called and funded. Upon prepayment of a loan or debt security, any prepayment premium, unamortized upfront loan origination fees and unamortized discount are recorded as interest income.

Dividend income on preferred equity investments is recorded on an accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are payable by the portfolio company and are expected to be collected. Dividend income on common equity investments is recorded on the record date for private portfolio companies and on the ex-dividend date for publicly traded portfolio companies. Distributions received from an equity interest, limited liability company or a limited partnership investment are evaluated to determine if the distribution should be recorded as dividend income or a return of capital.

Certain investments may have contractual payment-in-kind (“PIK”) interest or dividends. PIK represents accrued interest or accumulated dividends that are added to the loan principal of the investment on the respective interest or dividend payment dates rather than being paid in cash and generally becomes due at maturity or upon being called by the issuer. PIK is recorded as interest or dividend income, as applicable. If at any point the Company believes PIK is not expected to be realized, the investment generating PIK will be placed on non-accrual status. Accrued PIK interest or dividends are generally reversed through interest or dividend income, respectively, when an investment is placed on non-accrual status.

Certain structuring fees and amendment fees are recorded as other income when earned. Administrative agent fees received by the Company are recorded as other income when the services are rendered.

Expenses are recorded on an accrual basis.

Non-Accrual Loans

Loans or debt securities are placed on non-accrual status when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected. Accrued interest generally is reversed when a loan or debt security is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans or debt securities may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment. Non-accrual loans and debt securities are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid and, in management’s judgment, principal and interest payments are likely to remain current. The Company may make exceptions to this treatment if a loan has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection. As of December 31, 2023, there were five loans from three issuers on non-accrual. As of December 31, 2022, there were five loans from three issuers on non-accrual.

Distributions

Distributions to common stockholders are recorded on the record date. The amount to be distributed, if any, is determined by the Board each quarter, and is generally based upon the earnings estimated by the Advisor. Distributions from net investment income and net realized capital gains are determined in accordance with U.S. federal income tax regulations, which may differ from those amounts determined in accordance with US GAAP. The Company may pay distributions to its stockholders in a year in excess of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain for that year and, accordingly, a portion of such distributions may constitute a return of capital for U.S. federal income tax purposes. This excess generally would be a tax-free return of capital in the period and generally would reduce the stockholder’s tax basis in its shares. These book/tax differences are either temporary or permanent in nature. To the extent these differences are permanent; they are charged or credited to paid-in capital in excess of par, accumulated undistributed net investment income or accumulated net realized gain (loss), as appropriate, in the period that the differences arise. Temporary and permanent differences are primarily attributable to differences in the tax treatment of certain loans and the tax characterization of income and non-deductible expenses.

The Company intends to timely distribute to its stockholders substantially all of its annual taxable income for each year, except that the Company may retain certain net capital gains for reinvestment and, depending upon the level of the Company’s taxable income earned in a year, the Company may choose to carry forward taxable income for distribution in the following year and incur applicable U.S. federal excise tax and pay a 4% tax on such income, as required. To the extent that we determine that our estimated current year taxable income will be in excess of estimated dividend distributions for the current year from such income, we accrue excise tax, if any, on estimated excess taxable income as such taxable income is earned. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 we recorded an expense of$2.9 million, $0.8 million and $0.1 million respectively for U.S. federal excise tax.

The specific tax characteristics of the Company’s distributions will be reported to stockholders after the end of the calendar year. All distributions will be subject to available funds, and no assurance can be given that the Company will be able to declare such distributions in future periods.

The Company distributes net capital gains (i.e., net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses), if any, at least annually out of the assets legally available for such distributions. However, the Company may decide in the future to retain such capital gains for investment, incur a corporate-level tax on such capital gains, and elect to treat such capital gains as deemed distributions to stockholders.

The Company has adopted a dividend reinvestment plan that provides for the reinvestment of cash dividends and distributions. Stockholders who do not “opt out” of the Company’s dividend reinvestment plan will have their cash dividends and distributions automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Company’s common stock, rather than receiving cash dividends and distributions.

Offering Costs

Offering costs consist primarily of fees and expenses incurred in connection with the offering of shares, legal, printing and other costs associated with the preparation and filing of applicable registration statements. To the extent such expenses relate to equity offerings, these expenses are charged as a reduction of paid-in-capital upon each such offering.

Cash, Restricted Cash, and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of deposits held at custodian banks, and highly liquid investments, such as money market funds, with original maturities of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost or amortized cost, which approximates fair value. The Company may deposit its cash and cash equivalents in financial institutions and, at certain times, such balances may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. Cash equivalents are presented separately on the consolidated schedules of investments. Restricted cash is collected and held by the trustee who has been appointed as custodian of the assets securing certain of the Company’s financing transactions.

Foreign Currency Translation

The accounting records of the Company are maintained in U.S. dollars. The fair values of foreign securities, foreign cash and other assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated to U.S. dollars based on the current exchange rates at the end of each business day. Income and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated at current exchange rates when accrued or incurred. Unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency holdings and non-investment assets and liabilities attributable to the changes in foreign currency exchange rates are included in the net change in unrealized appreciation on foreign currency translation on the consolidated statements of operations. Net realized gains and losses on foreign currency holdings and non-investment assets and liabilities attributable to changes in foreign currency exchange rates are included in net realized gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions on the consolidated statements of operations. The portion of both realized and unrealized gains and losses on investments that result from changes in foreign currency exchange rates is not separately disclosed, but is included in net realized gain (loss) on investments and net change in unrealized appreciation on investments, respectively, on the consolidated statements of operations.

Forward Currency Exchange Contracts

The Company may enter into forward currency exchange contracts to reduce the Company’s exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in the value of foreign currencies. A forward currency exchange contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a currency at a set price on a future date. The Company does not utilize hedge accounting and as such the Company recognizes the value of its derivatives at fair value on the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities with changes in the net unrealized appreciation on forward currency exchange contracts recorded on the consolidated statements of operations. Forward currency exchange contracts are valued using the prevailing forward currency exchange rate of the underlying currencies. Unrealized appreciation on forward currency exchange contracts are recorded on the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities by counterparty on a net basis, not taking into account collateral posted which is recorded separately, if applicable. Cash collateral maintained in accounts held by counterparties is included in collateral on forward currency exchange contracts on the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities. Notional amounts and the gross fair value of forward currency exchange contracts assets and liabilities are presented separately on the consolidated schedules of investments.

Changes in net unrealized appreciation are recorded on the consolidated statements of operations in net change in unrealized appreciation on forward currency exchange contracts. Net realized gains and losses are recorded on the consolidated statements of operations in net realized gain (loss) on forward currency exchange contracts. Realized gains and losses on forward currency exchange contracts are determined using the difference between the fair market value of the forward currency exchange contract at the time it was opened and the fair market value at the time it was closed or covered. Additionally, losses, up to the fair value, may arise if the counterparties do not perform under the contract terms.

Deferred Financing Costs and Debt Issuance Costs

The Company records costs related to issuance of revolving debt obligations as deferred financing costs. These costs are deferred and amortized using the straight-line method over the stated maturity life of the obligation. The Company records costs related to the issuance of term debt obligations as debt issuance costs. These costs are deferred and amortized using the effective interest method. These costs are presented as a reduction to the outstanding principal amount of the term debt obligations on the consolidated statements of assets and liabilities. In the event that we modify or extinguish our debt before maturity, the Company follows the guidance in ASC Topic 470‑50, Modification and Extinguishments. For modifications to or exchanges of our revolving debt obligations, any unamortized deferred financing costs related to lenders who are not part of the new lending group are expensed. For extinguishments of our term debt obligations, any unamortized debt issuance costs are deducted from the carrying amount of the debt in determining the gain or loss from the extinguishment.

Income Taxes

The Company has elected to be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a RIC under the Code. So long as the Company maintains its status as a RIC, it will generally not be subject to corporate-level U.S. federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes at least annually as dividends to its stockholders. As a result, any tax liability related to income earned and distributed by the Company represents obligations of the Company’s stockholders and will not be reflected in the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

The Company intends to comply with the applicable provisions of the Code pertaining to RICs and to make distributions of taxable income sufficient to relieve it from substantially all federal income taxes. Accordingly, no provision for income taxes is required in the consolidated financial statements. For income tax purposes, distributions made to stockholders are reported as ordinary income, capital gains, non-taxable return of capital, or a combination thereof. The tax character of distributions paid to stockholders through December 31, 2023 may include return of capital, however, the exact amount cannot be determined at this point. The final determination of the tax character of distributions will not be made until the Company files our tax return for the tax year ending December 31, 2023. The character of income and gains that the Company distributes is determined in accordance with income tax regulations that may differ from GAAP. BCSF CFSH, LLC, BCSF CFS, LLC, and BCC Middle Market CLO 2019‑1, LLC are disregarded entities for tax purposes and are consolidated with the tax return of the Company.

The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing its consolidated financial statements to determine whether the tax positions are “more-likely-than-not” to be sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions not deemed to meet the “more-likely-than-not” threshold are reversed and recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current year. All penalties and interest associated with income taxes, if any, are included in income tax expense. Conclusions regarding tax positions are subject to review and may be adjusted at a later date based on factors including, but not limited to, on-going analyses of tax laws, regulations and interpretations thereof. Management has analyzed the Company’s tax positions, and has concluded thatno liability for unrecognized tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions on returns to be filed by the Company for all open tax years should be recorded. The Company identifies its major tax jurisdiction as the United States, and the Company is not aware of any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits will change materially in the next 12 months. As of December 31, 2023, the tax years that remain subject to examination are from 2020 forward.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which affects all entities that have investments in equity securities measured at fair value that are subject to a contractual sale restriction. The amendments in ASU 2022-03 clarify that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring the fair value. The amendments also require additional disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions that are measured at fair value in accordance with Topic 820. The effective date for the amendments in ASU 2022-03 are for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2022-03 on its financial statements.

Note 3. Investments

The following table shows the composition of the investment portfolio, at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2023 (with corresponding percentage of total portfolio investments):

(1)

The following table shows the composition of the investment portfolio, at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2022 (with corresponding percentage of total portfolio investments):

(1)

The following table shows the composition of the investment portfolio by geographic region, at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2023 (with corresponding percentage of total portfolio investments):

The following table shows the composition of the investment portfolio by geographic region, at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2022 (with corresponding percentage of total portfolio investments):

The following table shows the composition of the investment portfolio by industry, at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2023 (with corresponding percentage of total portfolio investments):

(1)

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate (“FIRE”).

(2)

Represents debt and equity investment in ISLP and SLP (each as defined later).

The following table shows the composition of the investment portfolio by industry, at amortized cost and fair value as of December 31, 2022 (with corresponding percentage of total portfolio investments):

(1)

Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate (“FIRE”).

(2)

Represents debt and equity investment in ISLP and SLP (each as defined later).

On February 9, 2021, the Company and Pantheon (“Pantheon”), a leading global alternative private markets manager, formed the International Senior Loan Program, LLC (“ISLP”), an unconsolidated joint venture. ISLP invests primarily in non-US first lien senior secured loans. ISLP was formed as a Delaware limited liability company. The Company and Pantheon committed to initially provide $138.3 million of debt and $46.1 million of equity capital, to ISLP. Equity contributions will be called from each member on a pro-rata basis, based on their equity commitments. Pursuant to the terms of the transaction, Pantheon invested $50.0 million to acquire a 29.5% stake in ISLP. The Company contributed debt investments of $317.1 million for a 70.5% stake in ISLP, and received a one-time gross distribution of $190.2 million in cash in consideration of contributing such investments. On December 14, 2023, the Company and Pantheon entered into the second amendment to the amended and restated limited liability company agreement which, among other things, increased capital commitments and changed the proportionate share ownership. The Company and Pantheon agreed to contribute an additional $5.0 million and $45.3 million, respectively, which resulted in new ownership stakes of 64.0% and 36.0%, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s investment in ISLP consisted of subordinated notes of$190.7 million, and equity interests of$66.1 million. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s investment in ISLP consisted of subordinated notes of$187.0 million, and equity interests of$62.6 million.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company had commitments with respect to its equity and subordinated note interests of ISLP in the aggregate amount of$254.3 million. The Company has contributed$254.3 million in capital and has$0.0 million in unfunded capital contributions. As of December 31, 2023, Pantheon had commitments with respect to their equity and subordinated note interests of ISLP in the aggregate amount of$149.2 million. Pantheon has contributed$149.2 million in capital and has$0.0 million in unfunded capital contributions.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had commitments with respect to its equity and subordinated note interests of ISLP in the aggregate amount of$249.3 million. As of such date, the Company had contributed$249.3 million in capital and had$0.0 million in unfunded capital contributions. As of December 31, 2022, Pantheon had commitments with respect to its equity and subordinated note interests of ISLP in the aggregate amount of$103.9 million. As of such date, Pantheon had contributed$103.9 million in capital and had$0.0 million in unfunded capital contributions.

In future periods, the Company may sell certain of its investments or a participating interest in certain of its investments to ISLP. Since inception, the Company has sold$932.4 million of its investments to ISLP. The sale of the investments met the criteria set forth in ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing for treatment as a sale.

The Company has determined that ISLP is an investment company under ASC, Topic 946, Financial Services—Investment Companies; however, in accordance with such guidance, the Company will generally not consolidate its investment in a company other than a wholly or substantially owned investment company subsidiary, which is an extension of the operations of the Company, or a controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company. The Company does not consolidate its investments in ISLP as it is not a substantially wholly owned investment company subsidiary. In addition, the Company does not control ISLP due to the allocation of voting rights among ISLP members. The Company measures the fair value of ISLP in accordance with ASC Subtopic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, using the net asset value (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. The Company and Pantheon each appointed two members to ISLP’s four-person Member Designees’ Committee. All material decisions with respect to ISLP, including those involving its investment portfolio, require unanimous approval of a quorum of Member Designees’ Committee.

As of December 31, 2023, ISLP had$709.8 million in debt and equity investments, at fair value. As of December 31, 2022, ISLP had$707.7 million in debt investments, at fair value.

Additionally, ISLP, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a $300.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility which bears interest at LIBOR (or an alternative risk-free interest rate index) plus 225 basis points with JP Morgan (the "JPM Credit Agreement" or the "JPM Credit Facility" or the “ISLP Credit Facility Tranche A”).

On February 4, 2022, ISLP entered into the second amended and restated credit agreement, which among other things formed an additional tranche (“ISLP Credit Facility Tranche B” and collectively with ISLP Credit Facility Tranche A, the “ISLP Credit Facilities”) with an initial financing limit of $50.0 million on May 31, 2022, and $200.0 million on August 31, 2022, bringing the total facility size to $500.0 million.

On June 30, 2023, ISLP entered into the third amendment and restated credit agreement, which among other things, replaced LIBOR with Term SOFR and consolidated Tranche A and Tranche B, with a size of $500.0 million.

On September 11, 2023, ISLP entered into the fourth amended and restated credit agreement, which among other things, extended the maturity to February 9, 2027, modified concentration limitations and changed the interest rate to SOFR (or an alternative risk-free interest rate index) plus 246 basis points.

As of December 31, 2023, the ISLP Credit Facilities had$320.5 million of outstanding debt under the credit facility. As of December 31, 2022 the ISLP Credit Facilities had$375.3 million of outstanding debt under the credit facility. The combined weighted average interest rate (excluding deferred upfront financing costs and unused fees) of the aggregate borrowings outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2023 and year ended December 31, 2022 were 6.6% and 3.3% respectively.

Below is a summary of ISLP’s portfolio at fair value:

Below is a listing of ISLP’s individual investments as of December 31, 2023:

(1)

The investments bear interest at a rate that may be determined by reference to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”), the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR” or “E”), British Pound Sterling LIBOR Rate (“GBP LIBOR”), the Norwegian Interbank Offered Rate (“NIBOR” or “N”), the Copenhagen Interbank Offered Rate (“CIBOR” or “C”), Canadian Dollar LIBOR Rate (“CDOR LIBOR”), the Bank Bill Swap Rate ("BBSW"), the Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate ("BBSY"), or the Prime Rate (“Prime” or "P"), the Sterling Overnight Index Average ("SONIA") and Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) which reset daily, monthly, quarterly or semiannually. Investments or a portion thereof may bear Payment-in-Kind ("PIK"). For each, the Company has provided the PIK or the spread over LIBOR, EURIBOR, GBP LIBOR, NIBOR, CIBOR, CDOR, BBSW, BBSY, SOFR, or Prime and the current weighted average interest rate in effect at December 31, 2023. Certain investments are subject to a LIBOR, EURIBOR, GBP LIBOR, NIBOR, CIBOR, CDOR, BBSW, SOFR, or Prime interest rate floor.

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Percentages are based on ISLP's net assets (in thousands) of$103,019 as of December 31, 2023.

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Unrealized appreciation/(depreciation) on forward currency exchange contracts.

(9)

The principal amount (par amount) for all debt securities is denominated in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. £ represents Pound Sterling, € represents Euro, NOK represents Norwegian krone, AUD represents Australian, CAD represents Canadian Dollar and DKK represents Kroner.

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Non-Income Producing.

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Below is a listing of ISLP’s individual investments as of December 31, 2022:

(1)

The investments bear interest at a rate that may be determined by reference to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”), the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR” or “E”), British Pound Sterling LIBOR Rate (“GBP LIBOR”), the Norwegian Interbank Offered Rate (“NIBOR” or “N”), the Copenhagen Interbank Offered Rate (“CIBOR” or “C”), Canadian Dollar LIBOR Rate (“CDOR”), the Bank Bill Swap Rate (“BBSW”), the Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate (“BBSY”), or the Prime Rate (“Prime” or “P”), the Sterling Overnight Index Average (“SONIA”) and Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) which reset daily, monthly, quarterly or semiannually. Investments or a portion thereof may bear Payment-in-Kind (“PIK”). For each, the Company has provided the PIK or the spread over LIBOR, EURIBOR, GBP LIBOR, NIBOR, CIBOR, CDOR, BBSW, BBSY, SOFR, or Prime and the current weighted average interest rate in effect at December 31, 2022. Certain investments are subject to a LIBOR, EURIBOR, GBP LIBOR, NIBOR, CIBOR, CDOR, BBSW, SOFR, or Prime interest rate floor.

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Percentages are based on the ISLP's net assets (in thousands) of$87,029 as of December 31, 2022.

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Theprincipal amount (par amount) for all debt securities is denominated in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. £ represents Pound Sterling, € represents Euro, NOK represents Norwegian krone, AUD represents Australian dollar, CAD represents Canadian dollar and DKK represents Danish krone.

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Below is the financial information for ISLP:

Selected Balance Sheet Information

Selected Statements of Operations Information

Bain Capital Senior Loan Program, LLC (“SLP”)

On February 9, 2022, the Company, and an entity advised by Amberstone Co., Ltd. (“Amberstone”), a credit focused investment manager that advises institutional investors, committed capital to a newly formed joint venture, SLP. Pursuant to an amended and restated limited liability company agreement (the “LLC Agreement”) between the Company and Amberstone, each such party has a 50% economic ownership interest in SLP. Amberstone’s initial capital commitments to SLP are $179.0 million, with each party expected to maintain their pro rata proportionate share for each capital contribution. SLP will seek to invest primarily in senior secured first lien loans of U.S. borrowers. Through these capital contributions, SLP acquired 70% of the membership equity interests of the Company’s 2018‑1 portfolio (“2018‑1”). The Company retained 30% of the 2018‑1 membership equity interests as a non-controlling equity interest. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s investment in SLP consisted of subordinated notes of$116.0 million, preferred equity interests of($1.8) million and equity interests of($0.4) million. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s investment in SLP consisted of subordinated notes of$51.0 million, preferred equity interests of($0.6) million and equity interests of$3.3 million.

In future periods, the Company may sell certain of its investments or a participating interest in certain of its investments to SLP. Since inception, the Company has sold $1,032.1 million of its investments to SLP. The sale of the investments met the criteria set forth in ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing for treatment as a sale.

The Company has determined that SLP is an investment company under ASC, Topic 946, Financial Services—Investment Companies; however, in accordance with such guidance, the Company will generally not consolidate its investment in a company other than a wholly or substantially owned investment company subsidiary, which is an extension of the operations of the Company, or a controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company. The Company does not consolidate its investments in SLP as it is not a substantially wholly owned investment company subsidiary. In addition, the Company does not control SLP due to the allocation of voting rights among SLP members. The Company measures the fair value of SLP in accordance with ASC Subtopic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, using the net asset value (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient. The Company and Amberstone each appointed two members to SLP’s four-person Member Designees’ Committee. All material decisions with respect to SLP, including those involving its investment portfolio, require unanimous approval of a quorum of Member Designees’ Committee.

On March 7, 2022, SLP acquired 70% of the Company’s Membership Interests of BCC Middle Market CLO 2018‑1 LLC (the “2018‑1 Issuer”). The Company received $56.1 million in proceeds resulting in a realized gain of $1.2 million, which is included in net realized gain in non-controlled/non-affiliate investments. The sale of the investments met the criteria set forth in ASC 860, Transfers and Servicing for treatment as a sale. Through this acquisition, the 2018‑1 Issuer became a consolidated subsidiary of SLP and was deconsolidated from the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company retained the remaining 30% of the 2018‑1 membership interests as a non-controlling equity interest. Please see Note 6 for additional details on the formation of the 2018‑1 Issuer and the related CLO Transaction.

On June 15, 2023, the Company entered into a First Supplemental Indenture (“2018-1 Supplemental Indenture”), dated as of June 15, 2023, pursuant to Section 8.1(xxxi) of the Indenture, dated as of September 28, 2018, between BCC Middle Market CLO 2018-1, LLC, as issuer, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee. The 2018-1 Supplemental Indenture provides for, among other things, an adoption of an alternate reference rate of Term SOFR plus 0.26%, effective July 1, 2023.

The Class A‑1 A, A‑1 B, A‑2, B and C 2018‑1 Notes (the “2018‑1 Notes”) are scheduled to mature on October 20, 2030 and are included in SLP’s consolidated financial statements. The Membership Interests are eliminated in consolidation on SLP’s consolidated financial statements. Below is a table summary of the 2018‑1 Notes as of December 31, 2023:

On August 24, 2022, SLP, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a $225.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility which bore interest at SOFR plus 210 basis points with Wells Fargo, subject to leverage and borrowing base restrictions (the “MM_22_2 Credit Facility”). The maturity date of the MM_22_2 Credit Facility was August 24, 2025. As of December 31, 2022 the MM_22_2 Credit Facility had $113.7 million of outstanding debt under the credit facility. As of December 31, 2022, the effective rate on the MM_22_2 Credit Facility was 6.4% per annum. On August 9, 2023, the MM_22_2 Credit Facility was terminated.

On August 9, 2023, (the “2023-1 Closing Date”), SLP, through BCC Middle Market CLO 2023‑1 LLC (the “2023‑1 Issuer”), a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned and consolidated subsidiary of SLP, completed a $400.0 million term debt securitization (the “2023-1 CLO Transaction”). The Class A, B-1, B-2, C, D, and E 2023-1 notes issued in connection with the 2023-1 CLO Transaction (the “2023-1 Notes”) are secured by a diversified portfolio of the 2023-1 Issuer consisting primarily of middle market loans and participation interests in middle market loans, the majority of which are senior secured loans (the “2023-1 Portfolio”). At the 2023-1 Closing Date, the 2023-1 Portfolio was comprised of assets transferred from the SLP and its consolidated subsidiaries. All transfers were eliminated in consolidation and there were no realized gains or losses recognized in the 2023-1 CLO Transaction.

The 2023‑1 Notes are scheduled to mature on July 20, 2035 and are included in SLP’s consolidated financial statements. The membership interests are eliminated in consolidation on SLP’s consolidated financial statements. Below is a table summary of the 2023-1 Notes as of December 31, 2023:

On September 27, 2023, SLP, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into a $140.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility which bears interest at SOFR plus 285 basis points with NatWest Markets PLC, subject to leverage and borrowing base restrictions (the “MM_23_3 Credit Facility”). The maturity date of the MM_23_3 Credit Facility is September 27, 2027. As of September 30, 2023 the MM_23_3 Credit Facility had $97.9 million of outstanding debt under the credit facility. As of December 31, 2023, the effective rate on the MM_23_3 Credit Facility was 8.2% per annum.

The combined weighted average interest rate (excluding deferred upfront financing costs and unused fees) of the aggregate borrowings outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2023 was 7.7%. The combined weighted average interest rate (excluding deferred upfront financing costs and unused fees) of the aggregate borrowings outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2022 was 4.3%.

Below is a summary of SLP’s portfolio at fair value:

Below is a listing of SLP’s individual investments as of December 31, 2023:

Senior Loan Program, LLC

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The investments bear interest at a rate that may be determined by reference to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”), the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR” or “E”), British Pound Sterling LIBOR Rate (“GBP LIBOR”), the Norwegian Interbank Offered Rate (“NIBOR” or “N”), the Copenhagen Interbank Offered Rate (“CIBOR” or “C”), Canadian Dollar LIBOR Rate (“CDOR LIBOR”), the Bank Bill Swap Rate ("BBSW"), the Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate ("BBSY"), or the Prime Rate (“Prime” or "P"), the Sterling Overnight Index Average ("SONIA") and Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) which reset daily, monthly, quarterly or semiannually. Investments or a portion thereof may bear Payment-in-Kind ("PIK"). For each, the Company has provided the PIK or the spread over LIBOR, EURIBOR, GBP LIBOR, NIBOR, CIBOR, CDOR, BBSW, BBSY, SOFR, or Prime and the current weighted average interest rate in effect at December 31, 2023. Certain investments are subject to a LIBOR, EURIBOR, GBP LIBOR, NIBOR, CIBOR, CDOR, BBSW, SOFR, or Prime interest rate floor.

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Percentages are based on the SLP's net assets (in thousands) of$15,269 as of December 31, 2023.

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The principal amount (par amount) for all debt securities is denominated in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. £ represents Pound Sterling, € represents Euro, NOK represents Norwegian krone, AUD represents Australian, CAD represents Canadian Dollar and DKK represents Kroner.

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Assets or a portion thereof are pledged as collateral for the 2018-1 Issuer.

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Assets or a portion thereof are pledged as collateral for the 2023-1 Issuer.

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Assets or a portion thereof are pledged as collateral for the MM_23_3 Credit Facility.

Below is a listing of SLP's individual investments asof December 31, 2022:

Senior Loan Program, LLC

(1)

The investments bear interest at a rate that may be determined by reference to the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR” or “L”), the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (“EURIBOR” or “E”), British Pound Sterling LIBOR Rate (“GBP LIBOR”), the Norwegian Interbank Offered Rate (“NIBOR” or “N”), the Copenhagen Interbank Offered Rate (“CIBOR” or “C”), Canadian Dollar LIBOR Rate (“CDOR LIBOR”), the Bank Bill Swap Rate ("BBSW"), the Bank Bill Swap Bid Rate ("BBSY"), or the Prime Rate (“Prime” or "P"), the Sterling Overnight Index Average ("SONIA") and Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) which reset daily, monthly, quarterly or semiannually. Investments or a portion thereof may bear Payment-in-Kind ("PIK"). For each, the Company has provided the PIK or the spread over LIBOR, EURIBOR, GBP LIBOR, NIBOR, CIBOR, CDOR, BBSW, BBSY, SOFR, or Prime and the current weighted average interest rate in effect at December 31, 2022. Certain investments are subject to a LIBOR, EURIBOR, GBP LIBOR, NIBOR, CIBOR, CDOR, BBSW, SOFR, or Prime interest rate floor.

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Positionor portion thereof is an unfunded loan commitment, and no interest is being earned on the unfunded portion. The investment may be subject to an unused/letter of credit facilityfee.

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Percentages are based on the SLP's net assets (in thousands)of$23,042 as of December 31, 2022.

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Loan was on non-accrual status as of December 31, 2022.

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The principal amount (par amount) for all debt securities is denominated in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. £ represents Pound Sterling, € represents Euro, NOK represents Norwegian krone, AUD represents Australian, CAD represents Canadian Dollar and DKK represents Kroner.

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Assets or a portion thereof are pledged as collateral for the 2018-1 Issuer. See Note 6 "Debt"

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Assets or a portion thereof are pledged as collateral for the 2022-1 Issuer. See Note 6 "Debt".

Below is the financial information for SLP:

Selected Balance Sheet Information

Selected Statement of Operations Information

Note 4. Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Disclosures

The following table presents fair value measurements of investments by major class, cash equivalents and derivatives as of December 31, 2023, according to the fair value hierarchy:

(1)

Includes debt and equity investment in ISLP and SLP.

(2)

In accordance with ASC Subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, or ASC 820-10, our preferred equity and equity investments in ISLP and SLP are measured using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient for fair value, and have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

The following table presents fair value measurements of investments by major class, cash equivalents and derivatives as of December 31, 2022, according to the fair value hierarchy: