Greystone Housing Impact Investors LP

Report of Independent Regist ered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Managers of Greystone AF Manager LLC and Partners of Greystone Housing

Impact Investors LP

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Greystone Housing Impact Investors LP and its subsidiaries (the “Partnership”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income, of partners' capital and of cash flows for the years then ended, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Partnership as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Partnership’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Partnership’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Partnership in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits of these consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Partnership is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Valuation of Level 3 Mortgage Revenue Bonds

As described in Notes 6, 12, and 24 to the consolidated financial statements, the estimated fair value of the Partnership’s Level 3 investments in mortgage revenue bonds, mortgage revenue bonds held in trust, and taxable mortgage revenue bonds (collectively referred to as “Mortgage Revenue Bonds”, or “MRBs”) is $952.1 million as of December 31, 2023. Management estimates the fair value of MRBs based upon prices obtained from third-party pricing services, which are estimates of market prices. There is no active trading market for the MRBs, and price quotes for the MRBs are not available. The valuation methodology of the Partnership’s third-party pricing services incorporates commonly used market pricing methods. The valuation methodology considers the underlying characteristics of each MRB as well as other quantitative and qualitative characteristics including, but not limited to, market interest rates, illiquidity, legal structure of the borrower, collateral, seniority to other obligations, operating results of the underlying property, geographic location, and property quality. These characteristics are used to estimate an effective yield for each MRB. The MRB fair value is estimated using a discounted cash flow and yield to maturity or call analysis by applying the effective yield to contractual cash flows.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the valuation of Level 3 MRBs is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimate of these investments; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to the effective yield based on the applicable underlying characteristics of each MRB; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included, among others (i) testing the completeness and accuracy of data provided by management; and (ii) the involvement of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in evaluating the reasonableness of management’s estimate by (a) developing an independent range of fair value estimates and (b) comparing the independent range of fair value estimates to management’s estimate. Developing the independent range of fair value estimates involved independently developing a range of independent effective yields based on the applicable underlying characteristics of each MRB.

/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Chicago, Illinois

February 22, 2024

We have served as the Partnership’s auditor since 2016.

CONSOLIDATED STATEM ENTS OF OPERATIONS

• On July 31, 2023, the Partnership completed a distribution in the form of additional BUCs at a ratio of 0.00448 BUCs for each BUC outstanding as of June 30, 2023 (the “Second Quarter 2023 BUCs Distribution”). On October 31, 2023, the Partnership completed a distribution in the form of additional BUCs at a ratio of 0.00418 BUCs for each BUC outstanding as of September 29, 2023 (the “Third Quarter 2023 BUCs Distribution”). On January 31, 2024, the Partnership completed a distribution in the form of additional BUCs at a ratio of 0.00415 BUCs for each BUC outstanding as of December 29, 2023 (the “Fourth Quarter 2023 BUCs Distribution”, collectively with the Second Quarter 2023 BUCs Distribution and the Third Quarter BUCs Distribution the “2023 BUCs Distributions”). The amounts indicated in the Consolidated Statements of Operations have been adjusted to reflect the 2023 BUCs Distributions on a retroactive basis.

** On October 31, 2022, the Partnership completed a distribution in the form of additional BUCs at a ratio of 0.01044 BUCs for each BUC outstanding as of September 30, 2022 (the “Third Quarter 2022 BUCs Distribution”). On January 31, 2023, the Partnership completed a distribution in the form of additional BUCs at a ratio of 0.0105 BUCs for each BUC outstanding as of December 30, 2022 (the “Fourth Quarter 2022 BUCs Distribution”, collectively with the Third Quarter 2022 BUCs Distribution, the “2022 BUCs Distributions”). The amounts indicated in the Consolidated Statements of Operations have been adjusted to reflect the 2022 BUCs Distributions and the 2023 BUCs Distributions on a retroactive basis.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS’ CAPITAL

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022

• The amounts indicated in the Consolidated Statements of Partners' Capital have been adjusted to reflect the 2022 BUCs Distributions and the 2023 BUCs Distributions on a retroactive basis.

** The amounts indicated in the Consolidated Statements of Partners' Capital have been adjusted to reflect the 2023 BUCs Distributions on a retroactive basis.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets to the total of such amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows:

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022

1. Basis of Presentation

The Partnership was formed on April 2, 1998, under the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act primarily for the purpose of acquiring, holding, selling and otherwise dealing with a portfolio of mortgage revenue bonds (“MRBs”) that have been issued to provide construction and/or permanent financing for affordable multifamily and student housing residential properties and commercial properties. The Partnership has also invested in governmental issuer loans (“GILs”), which are similar to MRBs, to provide construction financing for affordable multifamily properties. The Partnership expects and believes the interest earned on these MRBs and GILs is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes. The Partnership may also invest in other types of securities, including taxable MRBs and taxable GILs secured by real estate and may make property loans to multifamily residential properties which may or may not be financed by MRBs or GILs held by the Partnership and may or may not be secured by real estate.

The Partnership also makes noncontrolling equity investments in unconsolidated entities for the construction, stabilization, and ultimate sale of market-rate multifamily properties. The Partnership is entitled to distributions if, and when, cash is available for distribution either through operations, a refinance or a sale of the property. In addition, the Partnership may acquire and hold interests in multifamily, student and senior citizen residential properties (“MF Properties”) until the “highest and best use” can be determined by management.

The Partnership has issued Beneficial Unit Certificates (“BUCs”) representing assigned limited partnership interests to investors (“BUC holders”). The Partnership has designated three series of non-cumulative, non-voting, non-convertible preferred units that represent limited partnership interests in the Partnership consisting of the Series A Preferred Units, the Series A-1 Preferred Units, and the Series B Preferred Units (collectively, the “Preferred Units”). The outstanding Series A Preferred Units, Series A-1 Preferred Units, and Series B Preferred Units are redeemable in the future (Note 20). The holders of the BUCs and Preferred Units are referred to herein collectively as “Unitholders.”

On December 5, 2022, America First Capital Associates Limited Partnership Two (the “General Partner” or “AFCA 2”), in its capacity as the general partner of the Partnership, and Greystone ILP, Inc. (the “Initial Limited Partner”), in its capacity as the initial limited partner of the Partnership, entered into the Greystone Housing Impact Investors LP Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership, which was further amended pursuant to a First Amendment dated as of June 6, 2023 (the “Partnership Agreement”). Mortgage investments, as defined in the Partnership Agreement, consist of MRBs, taxable MRBs, GILs, taxable GILs and property loans. The Partnership Agreement authorizes the Partnership to make investments in tax-exempt securities other than mortgage investments provided that the tax-exempt investments are rated inone of thefour highest rating categories by a national securities rating agency. The Partnership Agreement also allows the Partnership to invest in other securities whose interest may be taxable for federal income tax purposes. Total tax-exempt investments and other investments cannot exceed 25% of the Partnership's total assets at the time of acquisition as required under the Partnership Agreement. Tax-exempt investments and other investments primarily consist of real estate assets and investments in unconsolidated entities. In addition, the amount of other investments is limited based on the conditions to the exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

AFCA 2 is the sole general partner of the Partnership. Greystone Manager, the general partner of AFCA 2, an affiliate of Greystone & Co. II LLC (collectively with its affiliates, “Greystone”).

All disclosures of the number of rental units for properties related to MRBs, GILs, property loans and MF Properties are unaudited.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidation

The “Partnership,” as used herein, includes Greystone Housing Impact Investors LP, its consolidated subsidiaries and consolidated variable interest entities (Note 5). All intercompany transactions are eliminated. The consolidated subsidiaries of the Partnership for the periods presented consist of:

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ATAX TEBS I, LLC, a special purpose entity owned and controlled by the Partnership, created to hold MRBs to facilitate the M24 Tax Exempt Bond Securitization (“TEBS”) Financing (“M24 TEBS Financing”) with the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”);

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ATAX TEBS II, LLC, a special purpose entity owned and controlled by the Partnership, created to hold MRBs to facilitate the “M31 TEBS Financing” with Freddie Mac;

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ATAX TEBS III, LLC, a special purpose entity owned and controlled by the Partnership, created to hold MRBs to facilitate the “M33 TEBS Financing” with Freddie Mac;

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ATAX TEBS IV, LLC, a special purpose entity owned and controlled by the Partnership, created to hold MRBs to facilitate the “M45 TEBS Financing” with Freddie Mac;

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ATAX TEBS Holdings, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership, which has issued secured notes (“the Secured Notes”) to Mizuho Capital Markets LLC (“Mizuho”);

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ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership, which is committed to provide equity for the development of multifamily properties;

•

ATAX Freestone Holdings, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership, which is committed to provide equity for the development of multifamily properties;

•

ATAX Senior Housing Holdings I, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership, which is committed to provide equity for the development of seniors housing properties;

•

ATAX Great Hill Holdings, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership, which is committed to provide equity for the development of multifamily properties;

•

One wholly owned corporation (the "Greens Hold Co”), which owns certain property loans and owned 100% of The 50/50 MF Property, a real estate asset; and

•

Lindo Paseo LLC, a wholly owned limited liability company, which owned 100% of the Suites on Paseo MF Property.

The Partnership also consolidates multiple variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which the Partnership is deemed to be the primary beneficiary.

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements

Thepreparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires the Partnership to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The most significant estimates and assumptions include those used in determining: (i) the fair value of MRBs and taxable MRBs; (ii) investment impairments;; and (iii) allowances for credit losses.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Federal Reserve announced seven increases in short-term interest rates totaling 525 basis points during 2022 and 2023 to combat price inflation, with the last rate increase occurring in July 2023. The Federal Reserve has recently maintained rates at the current levels as it analyzes further employment, price and economic data for indications of inflation declining to its long-term annual inflation target of 2%. The Federal Reserve continues to reduce its balance sheet of US treasury bonds and mortgage-backed securities which may cause further upward pressure on interest rates. In addition, geopolitical conflicts continue to impact the general global economic environment. These factors have maintained volatility in the fixed income markets, which has impacted the value of some of the Partnership’s investment assets, particularly those with fixed interest rates, which may result in collateral posting requirements under our debt financing arrangements. In addition, increases in short-term interest rates will generally result in increases in the interest cost associated with the Partnership’s variable rate debt financing arrangements and for construction debt of properties underlying our investments in unconsolidated entities. The extent to which general economic, geopolitical, and financial conditions will impact the Partnership’s financial condition or results of operations in the future is uncertain and actual results and outcomes could differ from current estimates.

The recent inflationary environment in the United States may increase operating expenses at properties securing the Partnership’s inve stments and general operations, which may reduce net operating results of the related properties and result in lower debt service coverage or higher than anticipated capitalized interest requirements for properties under construction. Such occurrences may negatively impact the value of the Partnership’s investments. Increasing general and administrative expenses of the Partnership may adversely affect the Partnership’s operating results, including a reduction in net income.

Furthe rmore, the potential for an economic recession either globally or locally in the U.S. or other economies could further impact the valuation of our investment assets, limit the Partnership’s ability to obtain additional debt financing from lenders, and limit opportunities for additional investments.

Variable Interest Entities

Under the accounting guidance for consolidation, the Partnership evaluates entities in which it holds a variable interest to determine if the entities are VIEs and if the Partnership is the primary beneficiary. The entity that is deemed to have: (1) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance; and (2) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE, is considered the primary beneficiary. If the Partnership is deemed to be the primary beneficiary, then it will consolidate the VIEs in its consolidated financial statements. The Partnership has consolidated all VIEs in which it has determined it is the primary beneficiary. In the Partnership’s consolidated financial statements, all transactions and accounts between the Partnership and the consolidated VIEs have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Partnership re-evaluates its accounting for VIEs at each reporting date based on events and circumstances at the VIEs. As a result, changes to the consolidated VIEs may occur in the future based on changes in circumstances. The accounting guidance on consolidations is complex and requires significant analysis and judgment.

The Partnership does not believe that the consolidation of VIEs for reporting under GAAP impacts its status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or the status of Unitholders as partners of the Partnership. In addition, the consolidation of VIEs is not expected to impact the treatment of the MRBs, GILs and property loans owned by consolidated VIEs, the tax-exempt nature of the interest payments on secured debt financings, or the manner in which the Partnership’s income is reported to Unitholders on IRS Schedule K-1.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include highly liquid securities and investments in federally tax-exempt securities with maturities of three months or less when purchased.

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Partnership maintains the majority of its unrestricted cash balances at three financial institutions. The balances insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation are equal to $250,000 at each institution. At various times the cash balances have exceeded the $250,000 limit. The Partnership may from time to time invest in short-term investment grade securities. The Partnership is exposed to risk on its short-term investments in the event of non-performance by counterparties, though such risk is minimal and the Partnership does not anticipate any non-performance.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash is legally restricted as to its use. The Partnership has been required to maintain, at times, restricted cash collateral related to one secured line of credit (Note 15), the total return swap transaction (Note 18), mark-to-market provisions in the master agreement with a leverage provider (Note 16), certain balances for the TEBS Financing facilities (Note 16), resident security deposits, and various escrowed funds. Restricted cash is presented with cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated statements of cash flows.

Investments in Mortgage Revenue Bonds and Taxable Mortgage Revenue Bonds

The Partnership accounts for its investments in MRBs and taxable MRBs under the accounting guidance for certain investments in debt and equity securities. The Partnership’s investments in these instruments are classified as available-for-sale debt securities and are reported at estimated fair value. The net unrealized gains or losses on these investments are reflected on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Unrealized gains and losses do not affect the cash flow of the bonds, distributions to Unitholders, or the characterization of the interest income. See Note 24 for a description of the Partnership’s methodology for estimating the fair value of MRBs and taxable MRBs. The Partnership reports interest receivables for MRBs and taxable MRBs separately from the reported fair value within “Interest receivable, net” on the consolidated balance sheets.

Investments in Governmental Issuer Loans and Taxable Governmental Issuer Loans

The Partnership accounts for its investment in governmental issuer loans (“GILs”) and taxable GILs under the accounting guidance for certain investments in debt and equity securities. The Partnership’s investment in these instruments are classified as held-to-maturity debt securities and are reported at amortized cost, which is net of unamortized loan acquisition costs, discounts, and allowance for credit losses. The Partnership evaluates its outstanding principal and interest receivable balances associated with its GILs for collectability. If collection of these balances is not probable, the loan is placed on non-accrual status and either an allowance for credit loss will be recognized or the outstanding balance will be written off. The Partnership reports interest receivables for GILs and taxable GILs separately from the amortized cost basis within “Interest receivable, net” on the consolidated balance sheets.

Property Loans

The Partnership invests in property loans made to the owners of certain multifamily, student housing and skilled nursing properties. The property loans are considered held-for-investment and are reported at amortized cost, which is net of unamortized loan acquisition costs, discounts, and allowance for credit losses. Most property loans have been made to multifamily properties that secure MRBs and GILs owned by the Partnership. The Partnership recognizes interest income on the property loans as earned and the interest income is reported within “Other interest income” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations. Interest income is not recognized for property loans that are deemed to be in nonaccrual status. If collection of outstanding principal and interest receivable balances is not probable, the loan is placed on non-accrual status and either an allowance for credit loss will be recognized or the outstanding balance will be written off. Interest income is recognized upon the repayment of these property loans and accrued interest which is dependent largely on the cash flows or proceeds upon sale or refinancing of the related property. The Partnership reports interest receivables for property loans separately from the amortized cost basis within “Interest receivable, net” on the consolidated balance sheets.

Real Estate Assets

The Partnership’s investments in real estate are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation of real estate is based on the estimated useful life of the related asset, generally 19-40 years on multifamily and student housing residential apartment buildings, andfive to 15 years on capital improvements. Depreciation expense is calculated using the straight-line method. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred, while improvements, renovations, and replacements are capitalized. The Partnership also holds land held for investment and development which is reported at cost. The Partnership recognizes gains and losses equal to the difference between proceeds on sale and the net carrying value of the assets at the date of disposition.

The Partnership reviews real estate assets for impairment periodically and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a property may not be recoverable. When indicators of potential impairment suggest that the carrying value of a real estate asset may not be recoverable, the Partnership compares the carrying amount of the real estate asset to the undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated from the use of the asset. If the carrying value exceeds the undiscounted net cash flows, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the carrying value of the property exceeds its estimated fair value.

Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

The Partnership accounts for its investments in unconsolidated entities under the equity method of accounting. Through ATAX Vantage Holdings, LLC, ATAX Freestone Holdings, LLC, ATAX Senior Housing Holdings I, LLC, and ATAX Great Hill Holdings, LLC the Partnership makes investments in non-controlling limited membership interests in entities formed to construct market-rate multifamily properties. The Partnership applies the equity method of accounting by initially recording these investments at cost, subsequently adjusted for accrued preferred returns, the Partnership’s share of earnings (losses) of the unconsolidated entities, cash contributions, and distributions.

The Partnership reviews its investments in unconsolidated affiliates for impairment whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investments may not be fully recoverable. Factors considered include:

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The absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment;

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The inability of the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that justifies the carrying amount of the investment; or

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Estimated sales proceeds that are insufficient to recover the carrying amount of the investment.

The Partnership’s assessment of whether a decline in value is other than temporary is based on the Partnership’s ability and intent to hold the investment and whether evidence indicating the carrying value of the investment is recoverable within a reasonable period of time outweighs evidence to the contrary. If the fair value of the investment is determined to be less than the carrying value and the decline in value is considered other than temporary, an impairment charge would be recorded equal to the excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value of the investment.

The Partnership earns a preferred return on its investments in Vantage properties that is guaranteed by an unrelated third party, which is also an affiliate of the unconsolidated entities. The term of the third-party guaranty is from the initial investment through a date approximately five years after commencement of construction. The Partnership recognizes its preferred return based upon the guaranty provided by the unrelated third-party, the guarantor’s financial ability to perform under the guaranty and the cash flows expected to be received from each property. Preferred returns are reported within “Investment income” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

The Partnership earns a preferred return on its investments in non-Vantage properties that is senior to the preferred return and return of capital of the other members of the unconsolidated entities. The Partnership recognizes its preferred return on each investment to the extent there is capital of the managing member of the unconsolidated entity to support the recognition of preferred return. Preferred returns are reported within “Investment income” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations. In addition, the Partnership will recognize its share of earnings (losses) of the unconsolidated entities, when appropriate, and report within “Earnings (losses) from investments in unconsolidated entities” on the Partnership’s cons olidated statements of operations. There are generally no earnings (losses) reported during the construction period for each unconsolidated entity as construction costs are capitalized.

Allowance for Credit Losses

On January 1, 2023, the Partnership adopted Accounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses, and subsequent related amendments (“ASC 326”), which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss model known as the Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”) model. The CECL model establishes a single allowance framework for financial assets carried at amortized cost which reflects an estimate of credit losses over the remaining expected life of financial assets. The adoption of the ASU 2016-13 requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to Partners’ Capital upon adoption. Additionally, ASU 2016-13 requires enhanced disclosures, including additional disclosures regarding credit quality. The allowance for credit losses is presented as a valuation reserve to the corresponding assets on the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets. Expected credit losses related to non-cancelable unfunded commitments and financial guaranties are accounted for as separate liabilities and are included in “Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities” on the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets. Upon adoption on January 1, 2023, the Partnership recorded a cumulative effect of accounting change of approximately $5.9 million as a direct reduction to Partners’ Capital. Subsequent changes to the allowance for credit losses are recognized through “Provision for credit losses” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

The Partnership estimates allowances for credit losses for its GILs, taxable GILs, property loans and related non-cancelable funding commitments using a Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (“WARM”) method loss-rate model, combined with qualitative factors that are sensitive to changes in forecasted economic conditions. The Partnership applies qualitative factors related to risk factors and changes in current economic conditions that may not be adequately reflected in quantitatively derived results, or other relevant factors to ensure the allowance for credit losses reflects the Partnership’s best estimate of current expected credit losses. The WARM method pools assets sharing similar characteristics and utilizes a historical annual charge-off rate which is applied to the outstanding asset balances over the remaining weighted average life of the pool, adjusted for certain qualitative factors to estimate expected credit losses. The Partnership has minimal loss history with GILs, taxable GILs, and property loans to date and has had minimal historical credit losses to date. As such, the Partnership uses historical annual charge-off data for similar assets from publicly available loan data through the Federal Financial Institution Examination Council (“FFIEC”). The Partnership adjusts for current conditions and the impact of qualitative forecasts that are reasonable and supportable. The Partnership assesses qualitative adjustments related to, but not limited to, credit quality changes in the asset portfolio, general economic conditions, changes in the affordable multifamily real estate markets, changes in lending policies and underwriting, and underlying collateral values.

The Partnership will elect to separately evaluate an asset if it no longer shares the same risk characteristics as the respective pool or the specific investment attributes do not lend to analysis with a model-based approach. For collateral-dependent assets when foreclosure is probable, the Partnership will apply a practical expedient to estimate current expected credit losses as the difference between the fair value of collateral and the amortized cost of the asset.

Charge-offs to the allowance for credit losses occur when losses are confirmed through the receipt of cash or other consideration from the completion of a sale, when a modification or restructuring takes place in which the Partnership grants a concession to a borrower or agrees to a discount in full or partial satisfaction of the asset, when the Partnership takes ownership and control of the underlying collateral in full satisfaction of the asset, or when significant collection efforts have ceased and it is highly likely that a loss has been realized.

The Partnership has elected to not measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivables related to its GILs, taxable GILs and property loans because uncollectible accrued interest receivable is written off in a timely manner pursuant to policies for placing assets on non-accrual status.

The Partnership periodically determines if allowances of credit losses are needed for its MRBs and taxable MRBs under the applicable guidance for available-for-sale debt securities. The Partnership evaluates whether unrealized losses are considered impairments based on various factors including, but not necessarily limited to, the following:

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The severity of the decline in fair value;

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The Partnership’s intent to hold and the likelihood of it being required to sell the security before its value recovers;

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Adverse conditions specifically related to the security, its collateral, or both;

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The likelihood of the borrower being able to make scheduled interest and principal payments; and

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Failure of the borrower to make scheduled interest or principal payments.

While the Partnership evaluates all available information, it focuses specifically on whether the estimated fair value of the security is below amortized cost. If the estimated fair value of an MRB is below amortized cost, and the Partnership has the intent to sell or may be required to sell the MRB prior to the time that its value recovers or until maturity, the Partnership will record an impairment through earnings equal to the difference between the MRB’s carrying value and its fair value. If the Partnership does not expect to sell an other-than-temporarily impaired MRB, only the portion of the impairment related to credit losses is recognized through earnings as a provision for credit loss, with the remainder recognized as a component of other comprehensive income. In determining the provision for credit loss, the Partnership compares the present value of cash flows expected to be collected to the amortized cost basis of the MRB and records any provision for credit losses as an adjustment to the allowance for credit losses. The Partnership has elected to not measure an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivables related to its MRBs and taxable MRBs because uncollectable accrued interest receivable is written off in a timely manner pursuant to policies for placing assets on non-accrual status.

The recognition of an impairment, provision for credit loss, and the potential impairment analysis are subject to a considerable degree of judgment, the results of which, when applied under different conditions or assumptions, could have a material impact on the Partnership's consolidated financial statements. If the Partnership experiences deterioration in the values of its MRB portfolio, the Partnership may incur impairments or provisions for credit losses that could negatively impact the Partnership’s financial condition, cash flows, and reported earnings. The Partnership periodically reviews any previously impaired MRBs for indications of a recovery of value. If a recovery of value is identified, the Partnership will report the recovery of prior credit losses through its allowance for credit losses as a provision for credit losses (recoveries). For MRB impairment recoveries identified prior to the adoption of the CECL model, the Partnership will accrete the recovery of prior credit losses into investment income over the remaining term of the MRB.

Accounting for TOB, Term TOB, TEBS Financings, and TEBS Residual Financing Arrangements

The Partnership has evaluated the accounting guidance related to its TOB (“Tender Option Bond”), term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing and has determined that the securitization transactions do not meet the accounting criteria for a sale or transfer of financial assets and therefore are accounted for as secured financing transactions. More specifically, the guidance on transfers and servicing sets forth the conditions that must be met to de-recognize a transferred financial asset. This guidance provides, in part, that the transferor has surrendered control over transferred assets if and only if the transferor does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets. The financing agreements contain certain provisions that allow the Partnership to unilaterally cause the holder to return the securitized assets, other than through a cleanup call. Based on these terms, the Partnership has concluded that the Partnership has not transferred effective control over the transferred assets and, as such, the transactions do not meet the conditions to de-recognize the transferred assets.

In addition, the Partnership has evaluated the securitization trusts associated with the TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing in accordance with guidance on consolidation of VIEs. See Note 5 for the consolidation analysis related to these secured financing arrangements. The Partnership is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of these securitization trusts and consolidates the assets, liabilities, income and expenses of the securitization trusts in the Partnership’s consolidated financial statements.

The Partnership recognizes interest expense for fixed-rate TEBS financings with escalating stated interest rates using the effective interest method over the estimated term of the arrangement.

Deferred Financing Costs

Debt financing costs are capitalized and amortized using the effective interest method through either the stated maturity date or the optional redemption date of the related debt financing agreement. Debt financing costs associated with revolving line of credit arrangements are reported within “Other assets” on the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets. Deferred financing costs associated with debt financing and mortgages payable arrangements are reported as reductions to the carrying value of the related liability on the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets.

Income Taxes

No provision has been made for income taxes of the Partnership as it is a partnership for federal income tax purposes such that profits and losses are allocated to Unitholders, except for certain entities described below. The distributive share of income, deductions and credits is reported to Unitholders on Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) Schedule K-1. The Partnership pays franchise margin taxes on revenues in certain jurisdictions relating to property loans and investments in unconsolidated entities.

The Greens Hold Co is a corporation that is subject to federal and state income taxes. The Partnership recognizes income tax expense or benefit for the federal and state income taxes incurred by this entity in its consolidated financial statements.

The Partnership evaluates its tax positions on the consolidated financial statements under the accounting guidance for uncertain tax positions. The Partnership may recognize a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if the Partnership believes it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities. The Partnership accrues interest and penalties, if any, and reports them within “Income tax expense” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

Deferred income tax expense or benefit is generally a function of temporary differences (items that are treated differently for tax purposes than for financial reporting purposes), such as depreciation, amortization of financing costs, etc. and the utilization of tax net operating losses (“NOLs”). The Partnership values its deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The Partnership records a valuation allowance for deferred income tax assets if it believes all, or some portion, of the deferred income tax asset may not be realized. Any increase or decrease in the valuation allowance that results from a change in circumstances that causes a change in the estimated ability to realize the related deferred income tax asset is included in deferred income tax expense.

Investment Income from Investments in Mortgage Revenue Bonds and Governmental Issuer Loans

The interest income received by the Partnership from its MRBs and GILs is dependent upon the net cash flow of the underlying properties. Interest income on fully performing MRBs and GILs is recognized as it is earned. Current and past due interest income on MRBs and GILs not fully performing is recognized as it is received. The Partnership reinstates the accrual of interest once the MRB’s or GIL’s ability to perform is adequately demonstrated. Interest income related to MRBs and GILs is reported within “Investment Income” and interest income related to taxable MRBs and taxable GILs is reported within “Other interest income” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, all of the Partnership’s MRBs and GILs were fully performing and current on all interest payments, with the exception of the Provision Center 2014-1 MRB.

Premiums on callable MRB investments are amortized as a yield adjustment to the earliest call date. Discounts on MRB investments are amortized as a yield adjustment to the stated maturity date. Amortization of premiums and discounts is reported within “Investment income” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

Bond acquisition costs are capitalized and amortized utilizing the effective interest method over the period to the stated maturity of the related MRB and taxable MRB investments. Bond acquisition costs are reported as an adjustment to the cost adjusted for paydowns and allowances of the related MRB in Note 6.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Partnership reports interest rate derivatives on its consolidated balance sheets at fair value. The Partnership’s derivative instruments are not designated as hedging instruments for GAAP purposes and changes in fair value are reported within “Interest expense” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations. The Partnership is exposed to loss upon defaults by its counterparties on its interest rate derivative agreements. The Partnership does not anticipate non-performance by any counterparty.

Redeemable Preferred Units

The Partnership has designated three series of Preferred Units consisting of the Series A Preferred Units, the Series A-1 Preferred Units, and the Series B Preferred Units. The Partnership has issued Series A Preferred Units, Series A-1 Preferred Units, and Series B Preferred Units representing limited partnership interests in the Partnership to various financial institutions. The Series A Preferred Units, Series A-1 Preferred Units, and Series B Preferred Units are recorded as mezzanine equity due to the holders’ redemption option which, if and when the units become subject to redemption, is outside the Partnership’s control. The costs of issuing the Series A Preferred Units, Series A-1 Preferred Units, and Series B Preferred Units have been netted against the carrying value of the Series A Preferred Units, Series A-1 Preferred Units, and Series B Preferred Units, and are amortized to the first redemption date.

Beneficial Unit Certificates (“BUCs”)

The Partnership has issued BUCs representing assigned limited partnership interests to investors. Costs related to the issuance of BUCs are recorded as a reduction to partners’ capital when issued.

The Partnership declared 2022 BUCs Distributions and the 2023 BUCs Distributions (collectively, the “BUCs Distributions”) in the form of additional BUCs during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. See Note 3 for additional information. All fractional BUCs resulting from the BUCs Distributions received cash for such fraction based on the market value of the BUCs on the record date.

The BUCs Distributions have been applied retroactively to all net income per BUC, distributions per BUC and similar per BUC disclosures for all periods indicated in the Partnership’s consolidated financial statements.

Restricted Unit Awards

The Amended and Restated Greystone Housing Impact Investors LP 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), as originally approved by the BUC holders in September 2015, permits the grant of Restricted Unit Awards (“RUAs”) and other awards to the employees of Greystone Manager, or any affiliate, who performs services for Greystone Manager, the Partnership or an affiliate, and members of the Board of Managers of Greystone Manager. The Plan permits total grants of RUAs of up to 1.0 million BUCs.

RUAs have historically been granted with vesting conditions ranging from three months to up to three years. RUAs typically provide for the payment of distributions during the restriction period. The RUAs provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control, or upon death or disability of the participant. The number of outstanding RUAs was not impacted by the BUCs Distribution as holders of RUAs did not participate in the BUCs Distributions, but rather received cash in an amount equal to the value of the BUCs Distributions. The fair value of each RUA is estimated on the grant date based on the Partnership’s exchange-listed closing price of the BUCs. The Partnership recognizes compensation expense for the RUAs on a straight-line basis over the requisite vesting period. The Partnership accounts for modifications to RUAs as they occur, if the fair value of the RUAs change, if there are changes to vesting conditions or if the awards no longer qualify for equity classification. The Partnership accounts for forfeitures as they occur.

Net Income per BUC

The Partnership uses the two-class method to allocate net income available to the BUCs, and to the unvested RUAs as the RUAs are participating securities. Unvested RUAs are included with BUCs for the calculation of diluted net income per BUC using the treasury stock method, if the treasury stock method is more dilutive than the two-class method.

Lessor Leases

The Partnership’s lessor leases consisted of tenant leases related to real estate assets, specifically at the MF Properties. Tenant leases also contained terms for non-lease revenues related to operations at the MF Properties, such as parking and food service revenues. The Partnership elected to combine the lease and non-lease components when accounting for lessor leases. The unit lease component of the tenant lease is considered the predominant component, so all components of the tenant lease are accounted for under ASC 842. Tenant leases are typically for terms of 12 months or less and do not include extension options sono ROU asset has been recorded for such leases. Lease revenue is recognized monthly and is reported within “Property revenues” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

Reclassification

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current period presentation.

Forthe year ended December 31, 2023, the Partnership began reporting the realized and unrealized gains (losses) of its derivative transactions within “Net result from derivative transactions” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations. Previously, the realizedand unrealized gains (losses) of the Partnership's derivative transactions had been reported within "Interest expense" on the Partnership’s consolidated statement of operations. Accordingly, for the year ended December 31, 2022, the Partnership has included the realized and unrealized gains (losses) of its derivative transactions within “Net result from derivative transactions” in conformity with the current reporting period presented herein. This reclassification has no effect on the Partnership’s reported “Net income” or “Partners’ capital” in the Partnership’s consolidated financial statements for the periods presented.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, which improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and is applied retrospectively. The Partnership is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of this pronouncement on the consolidated financial statements.

3. Partnership Income, Expenses and Distributions

The Partnership Agreement contains provisions for the distribution of Net Interest Income, Net Residual Proceeds and Liquidation Proceeds, for the allocation of income or loss from operations, and for the allocation of income and loss arising from a repayment, sale, or liquidation of investments. Income and losses will be allocated to each Unitholder on a periodic basis, as determined by the General Partner, based on the number of Preferred Units and BUCs held by each Unitholder as of the last day of the period for which such allocation is to be made. Distributions of Net Interest Income and Net Residual Proceeds will be made to each Unitholder of record on the last day of each distribution period based on the number of Preferred Units and BUCs held by each Unitholder on that date. Cash distributions are currently made on a quarterly basis. The holders of the Preferred Units are entitled to distributions at a fixed rate per annum prior to payment of distributions to other Unitholders.

For purposes of the Partnership Agreement, income and cash received by the Partnership from its investments in MF Properties, investments in unconsolidated entities, and property loans will be included in the Partnership’s Net Interest Income, and cash distributions received by the Partnership from the sale or redemption of such investments will be included in the Partnership’s Net Residual Proceeds.

Net Interest Income (Tier 1) is allocated 99% to the limited partners and BUC holders as a class and 1% to the General Partner. Net Interest Income (Tier 2) and Net Residual Proceeds (Tier 2) are allocated 75% to the limited partners and BUC holders as a class and 25% to the General Partner. Net Interest Income (Tier 2) and Net Residual Proceeds (Tier 2) in excess of the maximum allowable amount as set forth in the Partnership Agreement are considered Net Interest Income (Tier 3) and Net Residual Proceeds (Tier 3) and are allocated 100% to the limited partners and BUC holders as a class.

Cash distributions per BUC declared during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

(1)

All cash distributions per BUC amounts above have been retroactively adjusted for the 2022 BUCs Distributions and the 2023 BUCs Distributions on a retroactive basis.

The following table summarizes the BUCs Distributions declared during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

The ratio represents the number of BUCs distributed for each BUC outstanding as of the respective record dates. The ratio was determined based on the closing BUC price on the NYSE on the day prior to the respective declaration dates.

4. Net income per BUC

The Partnership has disclosed basic and diluted net income per BUC in the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations. The unvested RUAs issued under the Plan are considered participating securities and are potentially dilutive. There wereno dilutive BUCs for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

5. Variable Interest Entities

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs")

The Partnership has determined the TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing are VIEs where the Partnership is the primary beneficiary. In determining the primary beneficiary of each VIE, the Partnership considered which party has the power to control the activities of the VIE which most significantly impact its financial performance, the risks that the entity was designed to create, and how each risk affects the VIE. The agreements related to the TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing stipulate the Partnership has the sole right to cause the trusts to sell the underlying assets. If the underlying assets were sold, the extent to which the VIEs will be exposed to gains or losses would result from decisions made by the Partnership.

As the primary beneficiary, the Partnership reports the TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing on a consolidated basis. The Partnership reports the senior securities related to the TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing as secured debt financings on the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets (Note 16). The investment assets securing the TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing are reported as assets on the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets (Notes 6, 7, 8 and 12).

The Partnership has determined its investment in Vantage at San Marcos is a VIE and the Partnership is the primary beneficiary. The Partnership may currently require the managing member of the VIE to purchase the Partnership’s equity investment in the VIE at a price equal to the Partnership’s carrying value. If the Partnership were to redeem its investment, the underlying assets of the project would likely need to be sold. If the underlying assets were sold, the extent to which the VIE will be exposed to gains or losses would result from decisions made by the Partnership. The Partnership’s option to redeem its investment in Vantage at San Marcos became effective beginning in the fourth quarter of 2021. As the primary beneficiary, the Partnership reports the assets and liabilities of Vantage at San Marcos on a consolidated basis, which consist of a real estate asset investment (Note 10), mortgage payable (Note 17), and current liabilities associated with the construction costs of a market-rate multifamily property (Note 14). If certain events occur in the future, the Partnership’s option to redeem the investment will terminate and the VIE may be deconsolidated.

Non-Consolidated VIEs

The Partnership has variable interests in various VIEs in the form of MRBs, taxable MRBs, GILs, taxable GILs, property loans and investments in unconsolidated entities. These variable interests do not allow the Partnership to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of such VIEs. As a result, the Partnership is not considered the primary beneficiary and does not consolidate the financial statements of these VIEs in the consolidated financial statements.

The Partnership held variable interests in 33 and 35 non-consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The following table summarizes the Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss associated with its variable interests as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

The Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss for non-consolidated VIEs associated with the MRBs and taxable MRBs as of December 31, 2023 is equal to the Partnership’s cost adjusted for paydowns. The difference between the MRB carrying value in the

Partnership's consolidated balance sheets and the maximum exposure to loss is a function of the unrealized gains or losses. The Partnership has future MRB and taxable MRB funding commitments related to non-consolidated VIEs totaling$125.6 million and$16.4 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2023 (Note 19).

The Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss for non-consolidated VIEs associated with the GILs, taxable GILs, property loans and investments in unconsolidated entities as of December 31, 2023 is equal to the Partnership’s carrying value. The Partnership has future GIL, taxable GIL, property loan and investment in unconsolidated entities funding commitments related to non-consolidated VIEs totaling$51.1 million,$53.6 million,$19.9 million, and$49.4 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2023 (Note 19).

6. Mortgage Revenue Bonds

The Partnership invests in MRBs that are issued by state and local governments, their agencies, and authorities to finance the construction or acquisition and rehabilitation of income-producing affordable multifamily, seniors housing and skilled nursing properties. An MRB does not constitute an obligation of any state or local government, agency or authority and no state or local government, agency or authority is liable on them, nor is the taxing power of any state or local government pledged to the payment of principal or interest on an MRB. An MRB is a non-recourse obligation of the property owner. Each MRB is collateralized by a mortgage on all real and personal property of the secured property. Typically, the sole source of the funds to pay principal and interest on an MRB is the net cash flow or the sale or refinancing proceeds from the secured property. The Partnership may commit to provide funding for MRBs on a draw-down basis during construction and/or rehabilitation of secured property and may require recourse to the borrower during the construction or rehabilitation period in certain instances.

The Partnership expects and believes that the interest received on our MRBs is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes. The Partnership primarily invests in MRBs that are senior obligations of the secured properties, though it may also invest in subordinate MRBs or taxable MRBs that share the first mortgage lien with the related MRBs. MRBs are either held directly by the Partnership or are held in trusts created in connection with debt financing transactions (Note 16). The MRBs predominantly bear interest at fixed interest rates and require regular principal and interest payments on either a monthly or semi-annual basis. MRBs may have optional call dates that may be exercised by the borrower or the Partnership that are earlier than the contractual maturity. Such optional calls may be at either par or a premium to par.

The Partnership had the following MRB investments as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS II, LLC (M31 TEBS), Note 16. The TEBS financing has contractual limitations on the Partnership’s ability to sell the MRB.

(2)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS III, LLC (M33 TEBS), Note 16. The TEBS financing has contractual limitations on the Partnership’s ability to sell the MRB.

(3)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS IV, LLC (M45 TEBS), Note 16. The TEBS financing has contractual limitations on the Partnership’s ability to sell the MRB.

(4)

MRB held by Morgan Stanley in a debt financing transaction, Note 16

(5)

MRB held by Mizuho Capital Markets, LLC in a debt financing transaction, Note 16

(6)

MRB held by Barclays Capital Inc. in a debt financing transaction, Note 16.

(7)

As of the date presented, the Partnership determined that the unrealized loss on the MRB is a result of increasing market interest rates and is not considered a credit loss. As of December 31, 2023, the MRB has been in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months.

(8)

The Partnership has a remaining MRB funding commitment of approximately $23.2 millionas of December 31, 2023. The MRB and the unfunded MRB commitment are accounted for as available-for-sale securities and reported at fair value. The reported unrealized loss includes the unrealized loss on the current MRB carrying value (based on current fair value) as well as the unrealized loss on the Partnership’s remaining funding commitment outstanding as of December 31, 2023 (also based on current fair value). The Partnership determined the unrealized loss is a result of increasing market interest rates andthat the cumulative unrealized loss is not considered a credit loss. As of December 31, 2023, the MRB has been in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months.

(1)

As of the date presented, the Partnership determined that the unrealized loss on the MRB is a result of increasing market interest rates and is not considered a credit loss. As of December 31, 2023, the MRB has been in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months.

(2)

As of the date presented, the Partnership determined that the unrealized loss on the MRB is a result of increasing market interest rates and is not considered a credit loss. As of December 31, 2023, the MRB has been in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months.

(1)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS I, LLC (M24 TEBS), Note 16. The TEBS financing has contractual limitations on the Partnership’s ability to sell the MRB.

(2)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS II, LLC (M31 TEBS), Note 16. The TEBS financing has contractual limitations on the Partnership’s ability to sell the MRB.

(3)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS III, LLC (M33 TEBS), Note 16. The TEBS financing has contractual limitations on the Partnership’s ability to sell the MRB.

(4)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS IV, LLC (M45 TEBS), Note 16. The TEBS financing has contractual limitations on the Partnership’s ability to sell the MRB.

(5)

MRB held by Morgan Stanley in a debt financing transaction, Note 16.

(6)

MRB held by Mizuho Capital Markets, LLC in a debt financing transaction, Note 16.

(7)

MRB held by Barclays Capital Inc. in a debt financing transaction, Note 16.

(8)

As of the date presented, the Partnership determined that the unrealized loss on the MRB is a result of increasing market interest rates and is not considered a credit loss. As of December 31, 2022, the MRB has been in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months.

(1)

The Partnership has a remaining MRB funding commitment of $39.3 million as of December 31, 2022. The MRB and the unfunded MRB commitment are accounted for as available-for-sale securities and reported at fair value. The reported unrealized loss includes the unrealized loss on the current MRB carrying value (based on current fair value) as well as the unrealized loss on the Partnership’s remaining funding commitment outstanding as of December 31, 2022 (also based on current fair value). The Partnership determined the unrealized loss is a result of increasing market interest rates and that the cumulative unrealized loss is not considered a credit loss. As of December 31, 2022, the MRB has been in an unrealized loss position for more than 12 months.

The Partnership has accrued interest receivable related to its MRBs of$4.7 million and$4.3 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, that is reported as interest receivable, net in the Partnership's consolidated balance sheets.

The Partnership has committed to provide funding for certain MRBs on a draw-down basis during construction and/or rehabilitation of the secured properties as of December 31, 2023. See Note 19 for additional information regarding the Partnership’s MRB funding commitments.

See Note 24 for a description of the methodology and significant assumptions used in determining the fair value of the MRBs. Unrealized gains or losses on the MRBs are recorded in the Partnership's consolidated statements of comprehensive income to reflect changes in their estimated fair values resulting from market conditions and fluctuations in the present value of the expected cash flows from the MRBs.

On January 1, 2023, the Partnership adopted ASU 2016-13 which made certain changes to the determination of allowances for MRBs. See Note 13 for information regarding the Partnership’s allowance for credit losses.

Activity in 2023:

Acquisitions:

The following MRBs were acquired at prices that approximated the principal outstanding plus accrued interest during the year ended December 31, 2023:

(1)

The Partnership has committed to provide funding for the Series J-5 MRB totaling $5.0 million. See Note 19.

(2)

The interest rate is subject to an all-in floor of 3.87%.

(3)

Village Point is a seniors housing property with 120 beds in 92 units.

(4)

The Partnership has committed to provide funding for The Safford MRB totaling $43.0 million. See Note 19.

Conversions:

In July 2023, the Ocotillo Springs property achieved stabilization and the borrower converted to permanent financing. The Ocotillo Springs – Series A MRB was paid down to its permanent financing size of $4.0 million, of which $500,000 was allocated as principal of the supplemental Ocotillo Springs – Series A-1 MRB. The following table summarizes the terms of the Ocotillo Springs MRBs after conversion:

In November 2023, the Jackson Manor Apartments property achieved stabilization and the borrower converted to permanent financing. The Jackson Manor Apartments MRB was paid down to its permanent financing size of $4.8 million. The following table summarizes the terms of the Jackson Manor Apartments MRB after conversion:

Redemptions:

The following MRBs were redeemed at prices that approximated the Partnership's carrying value plus accrued interest during the year ended December 31, 2023:

Activity in 2022:

Acquisitions:

The following MRBs were acquired at prices that approximated the principal outstanding plus accrued interest during the year ended December 31, 2022:

(1)

The Partnership has committed to provide funding for the Series J-3 and Series J-4 MRBs of $26.1 million and $16.4 million, respectively. See Note 19.

(2)

The interest rate is subject to an all-in floor of 3.87%. Upon stabilization, the Series J-4 MRB will become subordinate to the Series J-1, J-2 and J-3 MRBs and will convert to a fixed rate of 8.0%. Upon stabilization of the property, the MRB will be partially repaid and the maximum balance of the MRB after stabilization will not exceed $1.5 million.

(3)

The investment was previously reported as a bond purchase commitment that has converted to an MRB.

(4)

In December 2029, the interest rate will reset to the greater of (i)3.25% over the then 10-Year SOFR Swap rate, or (ii)6.00%.

(5)

The Partnership has committed to provide additional funding during construction for the Series BB-3 and Series BB-4 MRBs of $13.9 million and $47.0 million, respectively. See Note 19.

(6)

Upon stabilization, the MRB will resize to an amount not to exceed $3.3 million and become subordinate to the other senior MRBs of the borrower. In December 2029, the interest rate will convert to a fixed rate of 10.0%.

Restructurings:

In January 2022, the Live 929 Apartments property completed a restructuring of the Partnership’s MRBs and property loan. The Partnership’s Live 929 Apartments – 2014 Series A and Live 929 Apartments – 2014 Series B MRBs were redeemed at par plus accrued interest. The following tables summarizes the terms of the MRBs upon redemption:

Upon restructuring, the Partnership used the proceeds of the redeemed MRBs plus additional cash to acquire a new series of MRB secured by the Live 929 Apartments property, the Series 2022A MRB. The following tables summarizes the MRB that was acquired as part of the restructuring of the Live 929 Apartments MRBs:

Inaddition, a portion of the Live 929 Apartments property loan was redeemed as part of the restructuring, with proceeds used to acquire the new Live 929 Apartments Series 2022A MRB. The Partnership also acquired a taxable MRB which is reported in Other

Assets(Note 12). The redemption of the prior Live 929 Apartments – 2014 Series A and 2014 Series B MRBs and property loan and acquisition of the new Live 929 Apartments Series 2022A MRB were accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring.

Redemptions:

The following MRBs were redeemed at prices that approximated the Partnership’s carrying value plus accrued interest during the year ended December 31, 2022:

(1)

The Ohio Properties consist of Crescent Village, located in Cincinnati, Ohio, Willow Bend, located in Columbus (Hilliard), Ohio and Postwoods, located in Reynoldsburg, Ohio.

Geographic Concentrations

The properties securing the Partnership’s MRBs are geographically dispersed throughout the United States with significant concentrations in Texas, California and South Carolina. The table below summarizes the geographic concentrations in these states as a percentage of the total MRB principal outstanding:

The following tables represent a description of certain terms of the Partnership’s MRBs as of December 31, 2023, and 2022:

(1)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS II, LLC (M31 TEBS), Note 16

(2)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS III, LLC (M33 TEBS), Note 16

(3)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS IV, LLC (M45 TEBS), Note 16

(4)

MRB held by Morgan Stanley in a secured financing transaction, Note 16

(5)

MRB held by Mizuho Capital Markets, LLC in a secured financing transaction, Note 16

(6)

MRB held by Barclays Capital Inc. in a secured financing transaction, Note 16

(1)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS I, LLC (M24 TEBS), Note 16

(2)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS II, LLC (M31 TEBS), Note 16

(3)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS III, LLC (M33 TEBS), Note 16

(4)

MRB owned by ATAX TEBS IV, LLC (M45 TEBS), Note 16

(5)

MRB held by Morgan Stanley in a debt financing transaction, Note 16

(6)

MRB held by Mizuho Capital Markets, LLC in a debt financing transaction, Note 16

(7)

MRB held by Barclays Capital Inc. in a secured financing transaction, Note 16

7. Governmental Issuer Loans

The Partnership invests in GILs that are issued by state or local governmental authorities to finance the construction of affordable multifamily properties. The Partnership expects and believes the interest earned on the GILs is excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes. The GILs do not constitute an obligation of any government, agency or authority and no government, agency or authority is liable for them, nor is the taxing power of any state government pledged to the payment of principal or interest on the GILs. Each GIL is secured by a mortgage on all real and personal property of the affordable multifamily property. The GILs share first mortgage lien positions with property loans and/or taxable GILs owned by the Partnership (Notes 8 and 12). Sources of the funds to pay principal and interest on a GIL consist of the net cash flow or the sale or refinancing proceeds from the secured property and limited-to-full payment guaranties provided by affiliates of the borrower.

All GILs were held in trust in connection with TOB trust financings as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Note 16). At the closing of each GIL, Freddie Mac, through a servicer, has forward committed to purchase the GIL at maturity at par if the property has reached stabilization and other conditions are met.

The Partnership had the following GIL investments as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

Theborrowers may elect to extend the maturity dates by six months upon meeting certain conditions, which may include payment of a non-refundable extension fee.

(2)

(3)

The Freddie Mac servicer that has forward committed to purchase the GIL at maturity is an affiliate of the Partnership (Note 23).

(4)

The Partnership has agreed to provide a subordinate GIL after the execution of Freddie Mac’s forward purchase commitment if needed by the property. The potential subordinate GIL amounts are up to $3.8 million, $2.2 million, and $4.2 million for Poppy Grove I, Poppy Grove II, and Poppy Grove III, respectively.

(5)

The interest rate will convert to a variable rate of Term SOFR +2.80% on February 1, 2025.

(1)

The borrowers may elect to extend the maturity dates by six months upon meeting certain conditions, which may include payment of a non-refundable extension fee.

(2)

(3)

The Freddie Mac servicer that has forward committed to purchase the GIL at maturity is an affiliate of the Partnership (Note 23).

(4)

The Partnership has agreed to provide a subordinate GIL after the execution of Freddie Mac’s forward purchase commitment if needed by the property. The potential subordinate GIL amounts are up to $3.8 million, $2.2 million, and $4.2 million for Poppy Grove I, Poppy Grove II, and Poppy Grove III, respectively.

The Partnership has accrued interest receivable related to its GILs of$1.5 million and$3.8 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, that is reported as interest receivable, net in the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets.

Two entities that are affiliates of certain GIL borrowers have provided limited-to-full payment guaranties for GILs and property loans (Note 8) with total outstanding principal of $133.2 million and$73.5 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2023. The guaranties relate to the Partnership’s investments in Legacy Commons at Signal Hills, Osprey Village, Willow Place Apartments, and Sandy Creek Apartments.

The Partnership has remaining commitments to provide funding of certain GILs on a draw-down basis during construction and/or rehabilitation of the secured properties as of December 31, 2023. See Note 19 for further information regarding the Partnership's GIL funding commitments.

On January 1, 2023, the Partnership adopted ASU 2016-13 which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss model known as the CECL model. The Partnership’s allowance for credit losses associated with its GILs was approximately$1.3 million as of December 31, 2023. See Note 13 for information regarding the Partnership’s allowance for credit losses.

During 2023, the following GILs were purchased by Freddie Mac through a servicer and all principal and accrued interest amounts due were paid in full:

In June 2023, the Partnership recognized a fee of approximately $100,000 in other income in connection with an extension of the maturity date of the Scharbauer Flats Apartments GIL to January 1, 2024. In July 2023, the Partnership received a fee of approximately $70,000 in other income in connection with an extension of the maturity date of the Hope on Avalon GIL to February 1, 2024.

In August 2023, the Partnership entered into and fully funded a $12.1 million GIL commitment to provide acquisition/rehabilitation financing for Sandy Creek Apartments.

In November 2023, the Partnership entered into a $1.5 million GIL commitment to provide additional funding to Willow Place Apartments.

During 2022, the Partnership entered into multiple GIL commitments to provide construction financing for the underlying properties on a draw-down basis as summarized below.

•

$20.4 million commitment related to Magnolia Heights;

•

$35.7 million commitment related to Poppy Grove I;

•

$22.3 million commitment related to Poppy Grove II; and

•

$39.1 million commitment related to Poppy Grove III.

8. Property Loans

Thefollowing tables summarize the Partnership’s property loans, net of asset specific allowances for credit losses, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

Theproperty loans are held in trust in connection with TOB trust financings (Note 16) with the exception of the Osprey Village Supplemental and Willow Place Apartments Supplemental property loans. The property loans and associated GILs are on parity and share a first mortgage lien position on all real and personal property associated with the underlying property. Affiliates of the borrowers have guaranteed limited-to-full payment of principal and accrued interest on the property loans. The borrowers may elect to extend the maturity dates for periods ranging between six and twelve months upon meeting certain conditions, which may include payment of a non-refundable extension fee. The variable index interest rate components are typically subject to floors that range from 0% to 0.50%.

(2)

The interest rate will convert to a variable rate of Term SOFR +3.35% on February 1, 2025.

(3)

The property loan is held in trust in connection with a TOB trust financing (Note 16).

(1)

The property loans are held in trust in connection with TOB trust financings (Note 16). The property loans and associated GILs are on parity and share a first mortgage lien position on all real and personal property associated with the underlying property. Affiliates of the borrowers have guaranteed limited-to-full payment of principal and accrued interest on the property loans. The borrowers may elect to extend the maturity dates for periods ranging between six and twelve months upon meeting certain conditions, which may include payment of a non-refundable extension fee. The variable index interest rate components are typically subject to floors that range from 0% to 0.50%.

The Partnership has accrued interest receivable related to its property loans of$1.7 million and$3.2 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, that is reported as interest receivable, net in the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets.

The Partnership has remaining commitments to provide additional funding of certain property loans during construction of the secured properties as of December 31, 2023. See Note 19 for further information regarding the Partnership’s remaining property loan funding commitments.

On January 1, 2023, the Partnership adopted ASU 2016-13 which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss model known as the CECL model. The Partnership's allowances for credit losses associated with its property loans was approximately$2.0 million as of December 31, 2023. See Note 13 for information regarding the Partnership’s allowance for credit losses related to its property loans.

The following property loan principal payments were received during the year ended December 31, 2023:

Concurrent with the redemption of the Greens Property loan, the Partnership received cash as payment for accrued interest of approximately $1.6 million.

In June 2023, the Partnership recognized a fee of approximately $33,000 in other income in connection with an extension of the maturity date of the Scharbauer Flats Apartments property loan to January 2024.

In August 2023, concurrent with the acquisition of the Sandy Creek Apartments GIL (Note 7), the Partnership committed to provide a property loan up to $7.8 million for the acquisition/rehabilitation of the underlying property on a draw-down basis. The property loan and associated GIL are on parity and share a first mortgage position on all real and personal property associated with the secured property.

In November 2023, the Partnership entered into a $1.8 million property loan commitment to provide additional funding to Willow Place Apartments.

In December 2023, the Partnership entered into a $4.6 million property loan commitment to provide additional financing to Osprey Village.

In January 2022, the Partnership received approximately $1.0 million of principal and interest due on the Live 929 Apartments property loan upon restructuring of the outstanding debt of Live 929 Apartments. The principal payment and related loan loss allowance were considered in the troubled debt restructuring of the Partnership’s investments in Live 929 Apartments discussed further in Note 6.

In March 2022, the Ohio Properties property loans were repaid in full. The Partnership received approximately $2.4 million of principal and approximately $4.3 million of accrued interest upon redemption, of which $1.7 million was recognized in other interest income.

In June 2022, concurrent with the acquisition of the Magnolia Heights GIL (Note 7), the Partnership committed $10.3 million to provide a property loan for the construction of the underlying property on a draw-down basis. The property loan and associated GIL are on parity and share a first mortgage position on all real and personal property associated with the secured property.

In August 2022, the outstanding property loans due from Cross Creek were restructured and the Partnership advanced additional funds totaling approximately $7.7 million. In September 2022, the underlying Cross Creek property was sold and the Partnership received $13.0 million as redemption proceeds to satisfy all outstanding balances, which consisted of $11.4 million of principal payments and approximately $1.7 million of accrued interest. All property loan balances due from Cross Creek were previously on non-accrual status and fully reserved, so the Partnership recognized approximately $1.7 million of other interest income upon redemption.

In September 2022, the Magnolia Crossing property loan was repaid in full. The Partnership received proceeds of approximately $14.1 million representing outstanding principal and accrued interest upon redemption.

In December 2022, the Partnership provided a property loan to the SoLa Impact Opportunity Zone Fund in the amount of $39.0 million to finance the completion of construction on a portfolio of 26 affordable housing projects andone commercial/mixeduse project locatedin Los Angeles, California. The projects contain 922 units in total. The loan is subordinate to the senior construction debt of the borrower and secured by a pledge of 100% of the borrower’s ownership interests in the underlying properties. The property loan will be repaid from permanent financing proceeds upon completion of the affordable housing projects owned by the borrower.

In December 2022, the Partnership received a property loan in exchange for the sale of its 100% interest in The 50/50 MF Property in the amount of $4.8 million. The Partnership may advance additional principal on the property loan to fund capital expenditures or in other limited circumstances. See Note 8 for further information on the property sale. The property loan is unsecured, will be repaid from net cash flows of the property, and is subordinate to the mortgage debt of the property which was assumed by the buyer as described in Note 8. The property loan is in non-accrual status as of December 31, 2022 because payments under the loan are not required immediately and are expected to be paid from future net cash flows of the property as previously described in Note 8.

9. Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

The Partnership has non-controlling investments in unconsolidated entities. The Partnership applies the equity method of accounting by initially recording these investments at cost, subsequently adjusted for accrued preferred returns, the Partnership’s share of earnings (losses) of the unconsolidated entities, cash contributions, and distributions. The carrying value of the equity investments represents the Partnership’s maximum exposure to loss. The Partnership is entitled to a preferred return on invested capital in each unconsolidated entity. The Partnership’s preferred return is reported as “Investment income” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

An affiliate of the Vantage unconsolidated entities guarantees a preferred return on the Partnership’s invested capital through a date approximately five years after commencement of construction in connection with the Vantage investments.

The following table provides the details of the investments in unconsolidated entities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

Valage Senior Living Carson Valley is a seniors housing property with 102 beds in 88 units.

The Partnership has remaining commitments to provide additional equity funding for certain unconsolidated entities as of December 31, 2023. See Note 19 for further details regarding the Partnership's remaining funding commitments.

Sales Activity:

Thefollowing table summarizes sales information of the Partnership’s investments in unconsolidated entities during the year ended December 31, 2023:

(1)

In February 2023, the Partnership returned sales proceeds of approximately $6,200 associated with final settlements of the Vantage at Murfreesboro sale in March 2022. The Partnership recognized the amount in “Gain on sale of investment in an unconsolidated entity” on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

(2)

In May 2023, the Partnership returned sales proceeds of approximately $12,000 associated with final settlements of the Vantage at O’Connor sale in July 2022. The Partnership recognized the amount in "Gain on sale of investment in an unconsolidated entity" on the Partnership’s consolidated statement of operations.

(3)

In August 2023, the Partnership received sales proceeds of approximately $32,000 associated with final settlements of the Vantage at Powdersville sale in May 2021. The Partnership recognized the amount in “Gain on sale of investment in an unconsolidated entity” on the Partnership’s consolidated statement of operations.

New Equity Commitments:

In February 2023, the Partnership executed an $8.2 million equity commitment to fund the construction of Valage Senior Living Carson Valley.

In July 2023, the Partnership executed a $16.5 million equity commitment to fund the construction of The Jessam at Hays Farm.

In December 2023, the Partnership executed equity commitments of $19.9 million and $17.1 million to fund the construction of Freestone Greenville and Freestone Ladera, respectively.

Sales Activity:

Thefollowing table summarizes sales information of the Partnership’s investments in unconsolidated entities during the year ended December 31, 2022:

(1)

During 2022, the Partnership received net cash of approximately $60,000 associated with final settlements of the Vantage at Bulverde sale in August 2021. The Partnership recognized the full amount as "Gain on sale of investment in an unconsolidated entity" on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

(2)

During 2022, the Partnership received cash of approximately $4,000 associated with final settlements of the Vantage at Germantown sale in March 2021. The Partnership recognized the full amount as "Gain on sale of investment in an unconsolidated entity" on the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations.

New Equity Commitments:

In October 2022, the Partnership executed a $16.0 million equity commitment to fund the construction of the Freestone Greeley multifamily property.

In November 2022, the Partnership executed a $16.4 million equity commitment to fund the construction of the Freestone Cresta Bella multifamily property.

Summarized Unconsolidated Entity Level Financial Data

The following table provides summary combined financial information for the properties underlying the Partnership’s investments in unconsolidated entities for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:

10. Real Estate Assets

The Partnership owns real estate assets, either directly, through a wholly owned subsidiary, or through a consolidated VIE, as described in Note 2. The Partnership also invests in land with plans to develop into rental properties or for future sale. These investments are reported as “Land held for development” below.

The following tables summarize information regarding the Partnership’s real estate assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

The assets are owned by a consolidated VIE for future development of a market-rate multifamily property. See Note 5 for further information.

(2)

Land held for development consists of land and development costs for a parcel of land in Richland County, SC.

(1)

The assets are owned by a consolidated VIE for future development of a market-rate multifamily property. See Note 5 for further information.

(2)

Land held for development consists of land and development costs for parcels of land in Richland County, SC and Omaha, NE.

In January 2023, the Partnership sold the land held for development in Omaha, NE and received proceeds of $442,000 which approximated the Partnership’s carrying value.

In December 2023, the Partnership sold the Suites on Paseo MF Property for gross proceeds of approximately $40.7 million. A portion of the proceeds were used to pay closing costs and to repay $25.0 million of principal on the related mortgage payable. The Partnership recognized a gain on sale of approximately $10.4 million. The Partnership incurred costs of approximately $403,000 related to the sale which reduced the Partnership's gain on sale.

In December 2022, the Partnership sold 100% of its ownership interest in The 50/50 MF Property to an unrelated non-profit organization. The Partnership received an unsecured property loan upon sale (Note 8) payable from future net cash flows of the property. The buyer assumed two mortgages payable associated with the property and the Partnership agreed to provide certain recourse support for the assumed mortgages. The remainder of the purchase price was funded by the issuance of a seller financing property loan to the Partnership in the amount of $4.8 million (Note 8). As a result of the sale, the Partnership deconsolidated The 50/50 MF Property assets and liabilities in its consolidated financial statements. The Partnership incurred costs of approximately $404,000 related to the sale which reduced the Partnership's gain on sale. The Partnership has deferred its entire gain on sale of approximately $6.6 million which is reported within accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Partnership will recognize the deferred gain upon collection of principal of the unsecured property loan (Note 14).

Net loss, exclusive of the gains on sale, related to The 50/50 MF Property and the Suites on Paseo MF Property for the years ended December 31, 2023, and 2022 was as follows:

11. Income Tax Provision

The Partnership recognizes current income tax expense for federal, state, and local income taxes incurred by the Greens Hold Co, which owned The 50/50 MF Property and also owns certain property loans. The following table summarizes income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:

The Partnership’s income tax expense fluctuates from period to period based on the timing of the taxable income in the Greens Hold Co and the impact of deferred income taxes. Deferred income tax expense is generally a function of the period’s temporary differences (i.e. depreciation, amortization of finance costs, etc.). The deferred tax assets and liabilities are valued based on enacted tax rates. The Greens Hold Co had net deferred tax assets of approximately $667,000 and $666,000 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Substantially all of the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to The 50/50 MF Property and will be realized along with the deferred gain on sale (Note 14). These amounts are reported within “Other assets” on the Partnership’s consolidated balance sheets. The Partnership evaluated whether it is more likely than not that its deferred income tax assets will be realizable and recordedno valuation allowance as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, income taxes computed by applying the U.S. federal statutory rates to income from continuing operations before income taxes for the Greens Hold Co differ from the provision for income taxes due to state income taxes (net of the effect on federal income tax).

The Partnership accrues interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of income tax expense. There wereno material uncertain tax positions, accrued interest or penalties as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

The Partnership files U.S. federal and state tax returns. The Partnership’s returns for years 2020 through 2022 remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.

12. Other Assets

The following table summarizes the Partnership’s other assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

The Partnership has remaining commitments to provide additional funding of the taxable MRBs and taxable GILs during construction and/or rehabilitation of the secured properties as of December 31, 2023. See Note 19 for further information regarding the Partnership’s remaining taxable GIL and taxable MRB funding commitments.

On January 1, 2023, the Partnership adopted ASU 2016-13 which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss model known as the CECL model. See Note 13 for information regarding the Partnership’s allowance for credit losses related to its taxable GILs.

See Note 24 for a description of the methodology and significant assumptions for determining the fair value of the derivative instruments, taxable MRBs and bond purchase commitments. Unrealized gains or losses on derivative instruments are reported as “Interest expense” in the Partnership’s consolidated statements of operations. Unrealized gains or losses on taxable MRBs and bond purchase commitments are recorded in the Partnership’s consolidated statements of comprehensive income to reflect changes in their estimated fair values resulting from market conditions and fluctuations in the present value of the expected cash flows from the assets.

As of December 31, 2023, one taxable MRB andfour taxable GILs with reported values totaling approximately $25.1 million were held in trust in connection with TOB trust financings (Note 16). As of December 31, 2022, three taxable MRBs andfour taxable GILs with reported values totaling approximately $17.0 million were held in trust in connection with TOB trust financings (Note 16).

The following table includes details of the taxable MRBs acquired during the year ended December 31, 2023:

(1)

The Partnership has committed to provide total funding for the taxable MRB of $10.4 million (see Note 19).

(2)

The Partnership has committed to provide total funding for the taxable MRB of $6.0 million (see Note 19).

In July 2023, the Ocotillo Springs property achieved stabilization and the borrower converted to permanent financing. The Ocotillo Springs - Series A-T taxable MRB with outstanding principal of $7.0 million was redeemed in full.

In July 2023, the Partnership recognized a fee of approximately $32,000 in other income in connection with an extension of the maturity date of the Hope on Avalon taxable GIL to February 1, 2024.

The following table includes details of the taxable MRBs and taxable GILs acquired during the year ended December 31, 2022:

(1)

The borrower has the option to extend the maturity up tosix months upon payment of a non-refundable extension fee.

13. Allowance for Credit Losses

On January 1, 2023, the Partnership adopted ASU 2016-13 which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss model known as the CECL model. See Note 2 for further discussion of the Partnership’s Allowance for Credit Losses accounting policy.

The Partnership considers key credit quality indicators when estimating expected credit losses for assets recorded at amortized cost. Such assets primarily finance the construction or rehabilitation of affordable multifamily properties. The GILs are primarily repaid through a conversion to permanent financing pursuant to a forward commitment from Freddie Mac dependent on completion of construction and various other conditions that each property must meet. The property loans related to GILs are primarily to be repaid from future equity contributions by investors and other forward financing commitments provided by various parties. If Freddie Mac is not required to purchase the GIL and payment of the property loans from available sources is not made, the GIL and associated property loan will have defaulted, and the Partnership has the right to foreclose on the underlying property, the associated low income housing tax credits, and enforce the guaranty provisions against affiliates of the individual property borrower. Accordingly, the Partnership’s key credit quality indicators include, but are not limited to, construction status of the property, financial strength of borrowers and guarantors, adequacy of capitalized interest reserves, lease up and occupancy of the property, the status of other conversion conditions, and operating results of the underlying property. The property loans secured by other multifamily properties are repaid through property operations or future sales proceeds.

As a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-13 effective date of January 1, 2023, there is a lack of comparability in both the allowance and provisions for credit losses for the periods presented. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented using the CECL methodology, while comparative period information continues to be reported in accordance with the incurred loss methodology in effect for prior years.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Partnership’s allowance for credit losses for the year ended December 31, 2023:

At adoption, on January 1, 2023, the Partnership recorded an allowance for credit losses of approximately $5.9 million as a reduction to Partners’ Capital, or approximately 0.85% of the Partnerships carrying value of GILs, taxable GILs and property loans and total unfunded commitments. This amount does not include the Live 929 Apartments property loan that had a previous asset-specific allowance of $495,000.

The Partnership recorded a recovery of provision for credit losses of approximately$2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which caused a decrease in the allowance for credit losses by the same amount. The decrease for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily due to GIL and property loan redemptions during 2023, a decrease in the weighted average life of the remaining investment portfolio, and updates of market data used as quantitative assumptions in the Partnership’s model to estimate the allowance for credit losses.

Risk Ratings

The Partnership evaluates all GILs, taxable GILs and property loans on a quarterly basis and assigns a risk rating based upon management’s assessment of the borrower’s ability to pay debt service and the likelihood of repayment through the GIL’s conversion to Freddie Mac financing and the property loan’s payment from future equity contribution commitments. The assessment is subjective and based on multiple factors, including but not limited to, construction status of the property, financial strength of borrowers and guarantors, adequacy of capitalized interest reserves, lease up and occupancy of the property, the status of other conversion conditions, and operating results of the underlying property. The credit risk analysis and rating assignment is performed quarterly in conjunction with the Partnership’s assessment of its allowance for credit losses. The Partnership uses the following definitions for its risk ratings:

•

Performing – The underlying property currently meets or exceeds management’s performance expectations and metrics. There are currently no material indicators that current debt service or repayment of the GILs and property loans is at risk.

•

Watch – The underlying property associated with the GILs and property loans currently has certain performance or other risk factors that require specific attention from management. The Partnership could experience loss if these factors are not resolved in a timely or satisfactory manner. The Partnership currently estimates that such factors will be adequately resolved and that current debt service and final repayment of the GILs and property loans is not at material risk.

•

Nonperforming – The underlying property associated with the GILs and property loans is not current on debt service payments and/or has material performance or other risk factors. The Partnership currently believes that full collection of debt service and final repayment is questionable and/or improbable.

The following table summarizes the Partnership’s carrying value by acquisition year, grouped by risk rating as of December 31, 2023:

The Partnership evaluates its outstanding principal and interest receivable balances associated with its GILs and property loans for collectability. If collection of these balances is not probable, the loan is placed on non-accrual status and either an asset-specific allowance for credit loss will be recognized or the outstanding balance will be written off. There are no GILs, taxable GILs, or property loans that are currently past due on contractual debt service payments and the Partnership considered all GILs, taxable GILs and property loans to be performing as of December 31, 2023, except as noted below. The Partnership currently hastwo property loans on nonaccrual status.

During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the interest to be earned on the Live 929 Apartments property loan was in nonaccrual status. The discounted cash flow method used by management to establish the net realizable value of the property loan determined the collection of the interest accrued was not probable and the loan is considered to be nonperforming. The Live 929 Apartments property loan has outstanding principal of approximately $495,000 as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, which was fully reserved with an asset-specific allowance.

In December 2022, the Partnership received a property loan in exchange for the sale of its 100% interest in The 50/50 MF Property in the amount of $4.8 million. See Note 10 for further information on the property sale. The property loan is unsecured, will be repaid from net cash flows of the property, and is subordinate to the mortgage debt of the property which was assumed by the buyer as described in Note 10. The property loan is in non-accrual status as of December 31, 2023 because payments under the loan are not required immediately and are expected to be paid from future net cash flows of the property as previously described in Note 10. As such, the loan is considered to be performing. The property loan associated with the 50/50 MF Property had outstanding principal of approximately $6.0 million and $4.8 million as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The Partnership records impairments for MRBs and taxable MRBs through an allowance for credit losses for the portion of the difference between the estimated fair value and amortized cost that is related to expected credit losses. The following table summarizes the changes in the Partnership’s allowance for credit losses for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

Theother addition is related to a re-allocation of the loan loss allowance upon restructuring of the Live 929 Apartments MRBs and property loan.

(2)

The Partnership compared the present value of cash flows expected to be collected to the amortized cost basis of the Live 929 Apartments Series 2022A MRB, which indicated a recovery of value. As the recovery was identified prior to the effective date of the CECL standard, the Partnership will accrete the recovery of prior credit loss into investment income over the term of the MRB.

(3)

The allowance for credit losses as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 relate to the Provision Center 2014-1 MRB and the Live 929 Apartments – 2022A MRB.

14. Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

The following table summarizes the Partnership’s accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

On January 1, 2023, the Partnership adopted ASU 2016-13 which replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss model known as the CECL model. See Note 13 for information regarding the Partnership’s allowance for credit losses related to its unfunded commitments.

15. Secured Lines of Credit

The following table summarizes the secured lines of credit as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

The General LOC containstwo one-year extensions subject to certain conditions and payment of a 0.25% extension fee. The first extension request by the Partnership will be granted by BankUnited, N.A. (“BankUnited”) if all such conditions are met. Any subsequent extension requested by the Partnership will be granted or denied in the sole discretion of the lenders.

(2)

The variable rate is equal to SOFR +3.50%, subject to an all-in floor of 3.75%.

(3)

The Partnership hastwo one-year extension options subject to certain conditions and payment of a $25,000 extension fee for each extension.

(4)

The variable rate is equal to 2.50% plus a variable component based on the 1-month forward looking term Secured Overnight Financing Rate as published by CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited (“Term SOFR”).

(1)

The General LOC containstwo one-year extensions subject to certain conditions and payment of a 0.25% extension fee. The first extension request by the Partnership will be granted by BankUnited, N.A. (“BankUnited”) if all such conditions are met. Any subsequent extension requested by the Partnership will be granted or denied in the sole discretion of the lenders.

(2)

The variable rate is equal to LIBOR +3.25%, subject to an all-in floor of 3.50%. The secured credit agreement contains terms for selecting an alternative index if LIBOR is no longer available.

(3)

The Partnership hastwo one-year extension options subject to certain conditions and payment of a $25,000 extension fee.

(4)

The variable rate is equal to 2.50% plus a variable component based on the 1-month forward looking term Secured Overnight Financing Rate as published by CME Group Benchmark Administration Limited (“Term SOFR”).

General LOC

The Partnership has entered into a secured Credit Agreement (“Secured Credit Agreement”) of up to $40.0 million with BankUnited and Bankers Trust Company, and the sole lead arranger and administrative agent, BankUnited, for a general secured line of credit (the “General LOC”). The aggregate available commitment cannot exceed a borrowing base calculation, that is equal to 35% multiplied by the aggregate value of a pool of eligible encumbered assets. Eligible encumbered assets consist of 100% of the Partnership’s capital contributions to equity investments, senior housing investments, and other real estate investments, subject to certain restrictions. The proceeds of the General LOC will be used by the Partnership to purchase additional investments and to meet general working capital and liquidity requirements. The Partnership may borrow, prepay and reborrow amounts at any time through the maturity date, subject to the limitations of the borrowing base. As of December 31, 2023, the borrowing base was approximately$39.1 million.

The General LOC is currently secured by first priority security interests in the Partnership’s investments in unconsolidated entities. In addition, an affiliate of the Partnership, Greystone Select Incorporated (“Greystone Select”), has provided a deficiency guaranty of the Partnership’s obligations under the Secured Credit Agreement. Greystone Select is subject to certain covenants and was in compliance with such covenants as of December 31, 2023. No fees were paid to Greystone Select related to the deficiency guaranty agreement.

The Partnership is subject to various affirmative and negative covenants under the Secured Credit Agreement that, among others, require the Partnership to maintain a minimum liquidity of not less than $5.0 million and maintain a minimum consolidated tangible net worth of $200.0 million. The Partnership may increase the maximum commitment from $40.0 million to $60.0 million in total, subject to the identification of lenders to provide the additional commitment, the payment of certain fees, and other conditions. The minimum liquidity covenant will increase from the current $5.0 million requirement to up to $7.5 million upon certain increases in the maximum commitment amount. The Partnership was in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2023.

Acquisition LOC

The Partnership and Bankers Trust Company have entered into an amended and restated credit agreement for a secured non-operating line of credit (the “Acquisition LOC”) with a maximum commitment of up to $50.0 million. The Acquisition LOC may be used to fund purchases of multifamily real estate, tax-exempt or taxable MRBs, and tax-exempt or taxable loans issued to finance the acquisition, rehabilitation, or construction of affordable housing or which are otherwise secured by real estate or mortgage-backed securities (collectively, the “financed assets”). The financed assets acquired with the proceeds of the Acquisition LOC will be held in a custody account and the outstanding balances of the Acquisition LOC will be secured by a first priority interest in the financed assets and will be maintained in the custody account until released by Bankers Trust Company.

Advanceson the Acquisition LOC are due on the 270 th day following the advance date but may be extended for up to three additional 90-day periods, but in no event later than the maturity date by providing Bankers Trust Company with a written request for such extension together with a principal payment of 5% of the principal amount of the original acquisition advance for the first such extension,10% for the second such extension, and 20% for the third such extension. The Partnership is subject to various affirmative and negative covenants related to the Acquisition LOC, with the principal covenant being that the Partnership’s Leverage Ratio (as defined by the Partnership) will not exceed a specific percentage. The Partnership was in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2023.

16. Debt Financing

The following tables summarize the Partnership’s debt financings, net of deferred financing costs, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

The tax treatment of interest paid to the trust senior trust securities is dependent on the structure of the trust financing. Debt financings designated as “tax-exempt” in the table above are such that the Partnership expects and believes the interest on the senior securities is exempt from federal income taxes, which typically requires a lower remarketing rate to place the senior securities at each weekly reset.

(2)

The remarketing senior securities rate is the market interest rate determined by the remarketing agent to ensure all senior securities tendered by holder for weekly remarketing are purchased at par.

(3)

Facility fees have a variable component. The stated maturity date in July 2024 is the expiration of the liquidity commitment rate from Freddie Mac. On that date, Freddie Mac will either extend the liquidity commitment, reset the liquidity commitment fee rate, or require the conversion to a fixed rate mode at a rate dependent on market conditions on that date. Freddie Mac cannot require redemption of the outstanding Class A Certificates on that date. The Partnership also has the right to terminate the facility and obtain alternative debt financing.

(4)

The Partnership has restricted cash totaling approximately$9.6 million related to its total net position with Mizuho Capital Markets.

(5)

The TOB trust is securitized by the Legacy Commons at Signal Hills property loan and the Hope on Avalon taxable GIL.

(6)

The TOB trust is securitized by the Residency at the Mayer taxable MRB and Osprey Village property loan.

(7)

The TOB trust is securitized by the Willow Place GIL, property loan & supplemental GIL, Lutheran Gardens MRB, Magnolia Heights GIL and property loan, Poppy Grove I taxable GIL, Poppy Grove II taxable GIL and Poppy Grove III taxable GIL.

(1)

The tax treatment of interest paid to the trust senior trust securities is dependent on the structure of the trust financing. Debt financings designated as “tax-exempt” in the table above are such that the Partnership expects and believes the interest on the senior securities is exempt from federal income taxes, which typically requires a lower remarketing rate to place the senior securities at each weekly reset.

(2)

The remarketing senior securities rate is the market interest rate determined by the remarketing agent to ensure all senior securities tendered by holder for weekly remarketing are purchased at par.

(3)

Facility fees have a variable component.

(4)

The M45 TEBS has an initial interest rate of 3.82% through July 31, 2023. From August 1, 2023 through the stated maturity date, the interest rate is 4.39%. These rates are inclusive of credit enhancement fees payable to Freddie Mac.

(5)

The Secured Notes had a stated rate of 9.25% plus SOFR which resets monthly. The Partnership has entered into a total return swap transaction with the Secured Notes as the reference security and a notional amount totaling the outstanding principal on the Secured Notes. The total return swap effectively nets down the interest rate on the Secured Notes. Considering the effect of the total return swap, the effective net interest rate of the Secured Notes is 7.80% as of December 31, 2022. See Note 18 for further information on the total return swap.

(6)

The Partnership has restricted cash totaling approximately $38,000 related to its total net position with Mizuho Capital Markets.

(7)

The TOB trust is securitized by the Scharbauer Flats Apartments and Centennial Crossings property loans.

(8)

The TOB trust is securitized by the Legacy Commons at Signal Hills property loan, Hilltop at Signal Hills property loan, Hope on Avalon

taxable GIL, and the Oasis at Twin Lakes property loan.

(9)

The TOB trust is securitized by the Residency at the Mayer taxable MRB, Ocotillo Springs taxable MRB, and Osprey Village property loan.

(10)

The TOB trust is securitized by the Willow Place GIL and property loan, Lutheran Gardens MRB, Magnolia Heights GIL and property loan, Poppy Grove I taxable GIL, Poppy Grove II taxable GIL and Poppy Grove III taxable GIL.

The TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing are consolidated VIEs of the Partnership (Note 5). The Partnership is the primary beneficiary due to its rights to the underlying assets. Accordingly, the Partnership consolidates the TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing on the Partnership's consolidated financial statements. See information regarding the MRBs, GILs, property loans, taxable MRBs and taxable GILs securitized within the TOB, term TOB, TEBS financings, and TEBS Residual Financing in Notes 6, 7, 8 and 12, respectively.

As the residual interest holder in the TOB, term TOB, and TEBS financing, the Partnership may be required to make certain payments or contribute certain assets to the VIEs if certain events occur. Such events include, but are not limited to, a downgrade in the investment rating of the senior securities issued by the VIEs, a ratings downgrade of the liquidity provider for the VIEs, increases in short term interest rates beyond pre-set maximums, an inability to re-market the senior securities, or an inability to obtain liquidity for the senior securities. If such an event occurs in an individual VIE, the Partnership may be required to deleverage the VIE by repurchasing some or all of the senior securities. Otherwise, the underlying collateral will be sold and, if the proceeds are not sufficient to pay the principal amount of the senior securities plus accrued interest and other trust expenses, the Partnership will be required to fund any such shortfall. If the Partnership does not fund the shortfall, the default and liquidation provisions will be invoked against the Partnership. The shortfall on each TEBS financing is limited to the Partnership’s residual interest. The Partnership has never been, and does not expect in the future, to be required to reimburse the VIEs for any shortfall.

As the residual interest holder in the TEBS Residual Financing, the Partnership may make certain payments or contribute certain assets to the VIE to prevent a default under the arrangement. If the Partnership does not or is unable to cure the default, the default and liquidation provisions will be invoked and the underlying assets will be sold, which may result in the Partnership’s residual interest not being recovered.

Tax Exempt Bond Securitization (“TEBS”) Financings

The Partnership, through four wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “TEBS Sponsors”), has sponsored four separate TEBS financings – the M24 TEBS financing, the M31 TEBS financing, the M33 TEBS financing, and the M45 TEBS financing (collectively, the “TEBS financings”). The TEBS financings are structured such that the Partnership transferred MRBs to Freddie Mac to be securitized into the TEBS financings. Freddie Mac then issued Class A and Class B Freddie Mac Multifamily Variable Rate Certificates or Class A and Class B Freddie Mac Multifamily Fixed Rate Certificates (collectively, the “TEBS Certificates”), which represent beneficial interests in the securitized assets. The Class A TEBS Certificates are senior securities that are sold to unaffiliated investors and entitle the holders to cash flows from the securitized assets. The Class A TEBS Certificates are credit enhanced by Freddie Mac such that Freddie Mac will cover any shortfall if the cash flows from the securitized assets are less than the contractual principal and interest due to the Class A TEBS Certificate holders. The TEBS Sponsors or Partnership would then be required to reimburse Freddie Mac for any credit enhancement payments. The Class B TEBS Certificates are residual interests retained by the TEBS Sponsors and grant the Partnership rights to certain cash flows from the securitized assets after payment to the Class A Certificates and related facility fees, as well as certain other rights to the securitized assets. The TEBS financings are non-recourse financing to the Partnership and the maximum exposure to loss is the value of the Class B Certificates, before consideration of the Partnership’s total return swap.

In December 2023, all outstanding principal and accrued interest on the M24 TEBS financing facility was paid in full and the facility was collapsed in accordance with prepayment provisions in the original agreement. The Partnership took ownership of the three remaining MRBs that had been securitized in the M24 TBS financing facility.

The M31 TEBS financing includes maximum interest rate provisions that prevent the debt service from exceeding the cash flows from the underlying securitized assets.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Partnership posted restricted cash as contractually required under the terms of the TEBS financings. In addition, the Partnership has entered into an interest rate cap agreement to mitigate its exposure to interest rate fluctuations on the variable-rate M31 TEBS financing (Note 18).

TEBS Residual Financing

The Partnership has entered into a financing securitization of its residual interests in the M31, M33 and M45 TEBS financings. The securitization involved the sale of the TEBS Financings residual interests to an issuer, which then issued and sold senior Affordable Housing Multifamily Certificates. The Partnership retained the residual Affordable Housing Multifamily Certificates also issued by the issuer. The senior Affordable Housing Multifamily Certificates are considered secured financing of the Partnership and were sold to third party investors in exchange for financing proceeds. The residual Affordable Housing Multifamily Certificates were retained by the Partnership. The senior Affordable Housing Multifamily Certificates are entitled to interest at a fixed rate of 7.125% per annum and certain principal payments from the assets within the TEBS Residual Financing. The Partnership is entitled to all residual cash flows of the TEBS Residual Financing after payments to the senior Affordable Housing Multifamily Certificates and trustee expenses of 0.03% per annum. The senior Affordable Housing Multifamily Certificates are non-recourse to the Partnership and are not subject to mark-to-market collateral posting.

Secured Notes Financing (“Secured Notes”)

ATAX TEBS Holdings, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Partnership, issued Secured Notes to Mizuho with an initial aggregate principal amount of $103.5 million. The Secured Notes were secured by the Partnership’s residual certificates associated with itsfour TEBS financings. The Secured Notes bore interest at a variable rate equal to SOFR plus 9.25%, payable monthly. Interest due on the Secured Notes was paid from receipts related to the four TEBS financing residual certificates. Receipts of principal related to the four TEBS financing residual certificates were used to pay down the principal of the Secured Notes. Concurrent with the issuance of the Secured Notes, the Partnership entered into two total return swap transactions with Mizuho to reduce the net interest cost related to the Secured Notes (Note 18). In December 2023, all outstanding principal and accrued interest on the Secured Notes was paid in full and the facility and the related total return swap were terminated.

The restricted cash associated with the Secured Notes was collateral posted with Mizuho according to the terms of the total return swap that had the Secured Notes as the reference security (Note 18).

TOB and Term TOB Trust Financings

The Partnership has entered into various TOB trust financings with Mizuho and Barclays secured by various investment assets. The TOB trust structures under Mizuho and Barclays are functionally similar. Under these TOB trust financings, the trustee issues senior securities and residual interests that represent beneficial interests in the TOB trust that entitle the holders to cash flows from the securitized assets within the TOB trust. The senior securities are sold to unaffiliated investors and entitle the holder to cash flows from the securitized assets at a variable interest rate. The senior securities are credit enhanced by Mizuho or Barclays such that Mizuho or Barclays will cover any shortfall if the cash flows from the securitized assets are less than the contractual principal and interest due to the senior security holders. The Partnership will then be required to reimburse Mizuho or Barclays for any credit enhancement payments. The residual interests are retained by the Partnership and grant the Partnership rights to certain cash flows from the securitized assets after payment to the senior securities and related trust fees, as well as certain other rights to the securitized assets. The TOB trust financings are generally recourse obligations of the partnership under the respective ISDA master agreements discussed below.

The TOB trust financings include maximum interest rate provisions that prevent the debt service on the debt financings from exceeding the cash flows from the underlying securitized assets.

Mizuho Capital Markets

The TOB trusts and Secured Notes with Mizuho are subject to an ISDA master agreement that contains certain covenants and requirements related to the Partnership’s TOB trusts and Secured Notes. The TOB trusts require that Partnership’s residual interests must maintain a certain value in relation to the total assets in each TOB trust. The ISDA master agreement with Mizuho requires the Partnership’s partners’ capital, as defined, to maintain a certain threshold and that the Partnership remain listed on a national securities exchange. If the Partnership is not in compliance with any of these covenants, a termination event of the financing facility would be triggered. The Partnership was in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2023.The Partnership is subject to mark-to-market collateral posting provision for positions under the ISDA master agreement with Mizuho. The amount of collateral posting required is dependent on the valuation of the securitized assets and interest rate swaps (Note 18) in relation to thresholds set by Mizuho at the initiation of each transaction. As of December 31, 2023, the Partnership had posted required cash collateral totaling $9.6 million related to mark-to-market valuations. As of December 31, 2022, the Partnership had posted all required cash collateral totaling $36.0 million related to the Secured Notes total return swap.

Barclays Bank PLC

The TOB trusts with Barclays are subject to an ISDA master agreement that contains certain covenants and requirements related to the Partnership’s TOB trusts. The Partnership’s residual interests in the TOB trusts must maintain a certain value in relation to the total assets in the TOB trust. The ISDA master agreement with Barclays requires the Partnership’s partners’ capital, as defined, to maintain a certain threshold, limits on the Partnership’s Leverage Ratio (as defined by the Partnership) and that the Partnership remained listed on a national securities exchange. If the Partnership is not in compliance with any of these covenants, a termination event of the financing facility would be triggered. The Partnership was in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2023.

The Partnership may also be required to post collateral, typically in cash, related to the TOB trusts with Barclays. The amount of collateral posting required is dependent on the valuation of the securitized assets in relation to thresholds set by Barclays at the initiation of each transaction. There was no requirement to post collateral for the TOB trusts as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Morgan Stanley Bank

The Partnership has entered into a term TOB trust financing with Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. (“Morgan Stanley”) secured by an MRB. Under the term TOB trust structure, the trustee issued Class A Certificates and Class B Certificates that represent beneficial interests in the securitized asset held by the term TOB trust. Morgan Stanley has purchased the Class A Certificates that are senior securities, and the Partnership has retained the Class B Certificates that are residual interests in the Trust. The Class B Certificates grant the Partnership certain rights to the securitized asset.

The term TOB trust with Morgan Stanley is subject to a Trust Agreement and other related agreements that contain covenants with which the Partnership or the underlying MRB are required to comply. The underlying property must maintain certain occupancy and debt service covenants. A termination event will occur if the Partnership’s net assets, as defined, decrease by 25% in one quarter or 35% over one year. The covenants also require the Partnership’s partners’ capital, as defined, to maintain a certain threshold and that the Partnership remains listed on a nationally recognized stock exchange. If the underlying property or the Partnership, as applicable, is out of compliance with any of these covenants, a termination event of the financing facility would be triggered. The Partnership was in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2023.

Contractual Maturities

The Partnership’s contractual maturities of debt financing for the twelve-month periods ending December 31 for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:

17. Mortgages Payable

The following is a summary of the mortgages payable, net of deferred financing costs, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

(1)

The mortgage payable relates to a consolidated VIE for future development of a market-rate multifamily property (Note 5).

In September 2023, the Partnership entered into a mortgage secured by the Suites on Paseo MF Property with an initial principal amount of $25.0 million. The mortgage payable was repaid in full with proceeds from the sale of the Suites on Paseo MF Property in December 2023.

18. Derivative Instruments

The Partnership’s derivative instruments are not designated as hedging instruments and are recorded at fair value. Changes in fair value are included in current period earnings as “Net result from derivative transactions” in the Partnership's consolidated statements of operations. The following tables are a summary of the unrealized and realized gains and losses of the Partnership's derivative instruments for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:

The value of the Partnership’ interest rate swaps are subject to mark-to-market collateral posting provisions in conjunction with the Partnership’s respective ISDA master agreements (Note 16). See Note 24 for a description of the methodology and significant assumptions for determining the fair value of the derivatives. The derivative instruments are presented within “Other assets” and “Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities” in the Partnership's consolidated balance sheets.

Interest Rate Swap Agreements

The Partnership has entered into multiple interest rate swap agreements to mitigate interest rate risk associated with variable rate TOB trust financings (Note 16). No fees were paid to the counterparties upon closing of the interest rate swaps. The following table summarizes the Partnership’s interest rate swap agreements as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022: