MITEK SYSTEMS INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE TWELVE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2023, 2022, AND 2021

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

Mitek Systems, Inc. (“Mitek,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our”) is a leading innovator of mobile image capture and digital identity verification solutions. We are a software development company with expertise in computer vision, artificial intelligence and machine learning. We currently serve more than 7,900 financial services organizations and leading marketplace and financial technology (“fintech”) brands around the globe. Customers count on Mitek to deliver trusted and convenient online experiences, detect and reduce fraud, and meet Know Your Customer (“KYC”) and Anti-Money Laundering (“AML”) regulatory compliance. The Company’s solutions are embedded in native mobile apps and web browsers to facilitate digital consumer experiences. Mitek’s identity verification and authentication technologies and services make it possible for banks, financial services organizations and the world’s leading marketplace and sharing platforms to verify an individual’s identity during numerous stages of the customer lifecycle, allowing them to reduce risk and meet regulatory requirements. The Company’s advanced mobile deposit system enables secure, fast and convenient deposit services. Thousands of organizations use Mitek solutions to optimize the security of mobile check deposits, new account openings and more.

In May of 2021, Mitek acquired ID R&D, Inc. (“ID R&D” and such acquisition, the “ID R&D Acquisition”), an award-winning provider of AI-based voice and face biometrics and liveness detection. ID R&D delivers innovative, biometric capabilities that raise the bar on usability and performance. The ID R&D Acquisition helps simplify and secure the entire transaction lifecycle for both businesses and consumers, provides businesses and financial institutions with access to one authentication solution to deploy throughout the entire transaction cycle, and can provide consumers with a simple, intuitive approach to fighting fraud.

In March of 2022, Mitek acquired HooYu Ltd. (“HooYu”), a leading KYC technology provider in the United Kingdom. Such technology helps to ensure businesses know the true identity of their customers by linking biometric verification with real-time data aggregation across many different sources, including credit bureaus, international sanctions lists, local law-enforcement, and others.

Mitek markets and sells its products and services worldwide through internal, direct sales teams located in the U.S., Europe, and Latin America as well as through channel partners. Our partner sales strategy includes channel partners who are financial services technology providers and identity verification providers. These partners integrate our products into their solutions to meet the needs of their customers, typically provisioning Mitek services through their respective platforms.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The financial statements are prepared under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 105-10, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”).

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Foreign Currency

The Company has foreign subsidiaries that operate and sell products and services in various countries and jurisdictions around the world. As a result, the Company is exposed to foreign currency exchange risks. For those subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars equivalents at the exchange rate in effect on the balance sheet date and revenues and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars using the average exchange rate over the period. Resulting currency translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss in the consolidated balance sheet. The Company recorded net gains resulting from foreign exchange translation of $13.1 million for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023. The Company recorded net losses resulting from foreign exchange translation of $27.6 million and $0.5 million for the twelve months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, expenses, deferred taxes, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, management reviews its estimates based upon currently available information. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. These estimates include, but are not limited to, assessing the collectability of accounts receivable, estimation of the value of stock-based compensation awards, fair value of assets and liabilities acquired, impairment of goodwill, useful lives of intangible assets, standalone selling price related to revenue recognition, contingent consideration, and income taxes.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenue primarily from the delivery of licenses and related services to customers (for both on premise and software as a service (“SaaS”) products), as well as the delivery of hardware and professional services. Consistent with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), revenue is recognized when control of these services is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services. The Company determined revenue recognition through the following steps:

1. Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer

2. Identification of the performance obligations in the contract

3. Determination of the transaction price

4. Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract

5. Recognition of revenue when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied

Note 2 describes the nature of the Company’s primary types of revenue and the revenue recognition policies and significant payment terms as they pertain to the types of transactions the Company enters into with its customers.

Contract Balances: The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers, and these timing differences result in receivables (billed or unbilled), contract assets, or contract liabilities (deferred revenue) on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company records a contract asset when revenue is recognized prior to the right to invoice, or deferred revenue when revenue is recognized subsequent to invoicing. The Company records an unbilled receivable when revenue is recognized and it has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment. The Company reports net contract asset or liability positions on a customer-by-customer basis at the end of each reporting period. Unbilled receivables are included within accounts receivable on the consolidated balance sheets and were $0.9 million and $1.7 million as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Contract Costs: The Company incurs incremental costs to obtain a contract, consisting primarily of sales commissions, which are payable only if a contract is obtained. When the commission rate for a customer renewal is not commensurate with the commission rate for a new contract, the commission is capitalized if expected to be recovered. Such costs are capitalized and amortized using a portfolio approach consistent with the pattern of transfer of the good or service to which the asset relates. Contract costs are recorded in other current and non-current assets in the consolidated balance sheets.

Cost of Revenue: Cost of revenue includes personnel costs related to billable services and software support, direct costs associated with our hardware products and hosting costs. Depreciation and amortization that are excluded from cost of revenue are included in research and development and selling and marketing on the consolidated statement of operations and other comprehensive income (loss).

Restructuring costs consist of employee severance obligations and other related costs. Restructuring costs were $2.1 million and $1.8 million for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. There wereno restructuring costs for the twelve months ended September 30, 2021.

Reclassifications

A reclassification has been made to the prior periods’ consolidated financial statements in order to conform to the current period presentation. Accrued interest payable and income tax payables were included in the other current liabilities line in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2022, however, they have been presented separately in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023 so that the total of the other current liabilities line is less than five percent of total current liabilities.

Revision of Previously Reported Consolidated Financial Statements

In connection with the preparation of its consolidated financial statements for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, the Company determined that its previously issued consolidated financial statements for the period ended September 30, 2022 contained errors in the application of GAAP. See Note 15 for further details.

Net Income Per Share

The Company calculates net income per share in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share. Basic net income per share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share also gives effect to all potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period, such as restricted stock units (“RSUs”), stock options and Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") shares, if dilutive. In a period with a net loss position, potentially dilutive securities are not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would be antidilutive, and the number of shares used to calculate basic and diluted net loss per share is the same.

For the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the following potentially dilutive common shares were excluded from the calculation of net income per share, as they would have been antidilutive(amounts in thousands):

The calculation of basic and diluted net income per share for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021, is as follows(amounts in thousands, except per share data):

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are defined as highly liquid financial instruments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company's cash and cash equivalents are composed of interest and non-interest-bearing deposits and money market funds. Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with various financial institutions.

Investments

Investments consist of corporate notes and bonds, U.S. Treasury securities, and asset-backed securities. The Company classifies investments as available-for-sale at the time of purchase and reevaluates such classification as of each balance sheet date. All investments are recorded at their estimated fair value. Unrealized gains and losses for available-for-sale securities are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, a component of stockholders’ equity. The Company evaluates its investments to assess whether those with unrealized loss positions are other-than-temporarily impaired. Impairments are considered to be other-than-temporary if they are related to deterioration in credit risk or if it is likely that the Company will sell the securities before the recovery of its cost basis. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary are determined based on the specific identification method and are reported in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss). No other-than-temporary impairment charges were recognized in the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

All investments whose maturity or sale is expected within one year are classified as “current” on the consolidated balance sheets. All other securities are classified as “long-term” on the consolidated balance sheets.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses

Trade accounts receivable are recorded at the net invoice value and are not interest bearing. The Company considers receivables past due based on the contractual payment terms. Allowances for credit losses are established based on various factors including credit profiles of the Company’s customers, contractual terms and conditions, historical payments, and current economic trends. The Company reviews its allowances by assessing individual accounts receivable over a specific aging and amount. Accounts receivable are written off on a case-by-case basis, net of any amounts that may be collected. The Company had $0.1 million of write-offs to the allowance for credit losses for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, no write-offs for the twelve months ended September 30, 2022, and $0.1 million of write-offs for the September 30, 2021. The Company maintained an allowance for credit losses of $1.5 million and $0.9 million as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, investments, and accounts receivable. The Company maintains the majority of its cash and cash equivalent balances with financial institutions that management believes are high-credit, quality financial institutions and invests its cash equivalents in highly rated market funds.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. The following is a summary of property and equipment as of September 30, 2023 and 2022(amounts in thousands):

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment are calculated using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives ranging from three toseven years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the assets. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment totaled $1.7 million, $1.4 million, and $1.4 million for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed when incurred. Total repairs and maintenance expenses were $0.1 million for each of the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception in accordance with ASC Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). The lease term begins on the commencement date, which is the date the Company takes possession of the property, and may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. The lease term is used to determine lease classification as an operating or finance lease and is used to calculate straight-line expense for operating leases.

Right of use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make payments arising from the lease. As a practical expedient, lease agreements with lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single lease component for all asset classes, which are comprised of real estate leases and auto leases. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based upon the present value of lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets also include prepaid lease payments and exclude lease incentives received. The Company estimates contingent lease incentives when it is probable that the Company is entitled to the incentive at lease commencement. Since the Company’s leases do not typically provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based upon the information available at commencement date of each lease. The determination of the incremental borrowing rate requires judgment. The Company determines the incremental borrowing rate using the Company’s current secured borrowing rate. The Company elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify. Therefore, leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet; instead, lease payments are recognized as lease expenses on a straight-line basis over the lease term. See Note 11 for additional details.

Operating lease assets and liabilities are recognized for leases with lease terms greater than 12 months based on the present value of the future lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets, including license agreements and other intangible assets, when events and circumstances indicate that these assets may be impaired or in order to determine whether any revision to the related useful lives should be made. This evaluation is based on management’s projections of the undiscounted future cash flows associated with each product or asset. If management’s evaluation indicates that the carrying values of these assets are impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. The Company didnot record any impairment of long-lived assets during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, or 2021.

Capitalized Software Development Costs

Costs incurred for the development of software that will be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed are capitalized when technological feasibility has been established. Software development costs consist primarily of compensation of development personnel and related overhead incurred to develop new products and upgrade and enhance the Company’s current products, as well as fees paid to outside consultants. Capitalization of software development costs ceases and amortization of capitalized software development costs commences when the products are available for general release. Amortization expense of capitalized development costs is included in research and development in the consolidated statements of other comprehensive income (loss). For the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, no software development costs were capitalized because the time period and costs incurred between technological feasibility and general release for all software product releases were not material or were not realizable. The Company hadno amortization expense from capitalized software costs during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, or 2021.

Qualifying costs related to software acquired, developed, or modified solely to meet the Company’s internal requirements, with no substantive plans to market such software at the time of development, are capitalized. Costs incurred during the preliminary planning and evaluation stage of the project and during the post-implementation operational stage are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred during the application development stage of the project are capitalized. The Company defines the design, configuration, and coding process as the application development stage. The Company capitalized $0.7 million, $0.8 million, and $0.8 million of costs related to computer software developed for internal use during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company recognized $0.7 million, $0.4 million and $0.3 million of amortization expense from internal use software during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

The Company’s goodwill and intangible assets resulted from prior acquisitions. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment at least annually or as circumstances indicate that their value may no longer be recoverable. In accordance with ASC Topic 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (“ASC Topic 350”), the Company reviews its goodwill for impairment at least annually in its fiscal fourth quarter and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate a potential reduction in the fair value of its reporting unit and/or its indefinite-lived intangible asset below their respective carrying values. Examples of such events or circumstances include: a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, a significant decline in the Company’s stock price, a significant decline in the Company’s projected revenue or cash flows, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, or the presence of other indicators that would indicate a reduction in the fair value of a reporting unit.

The Company’s goodwill is considered to be impaired if management determines that the carrying value of the reporting unit to which the goodwill has been assigned exceeds management’s estimate of its fair value. Based on the guidance provided by ASC 350 and ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, management has determined that the Company operates inone segment and consists ofone reporting unit. The process of evaluating the potential impairment of goodwill is subjective and requires significant judgment at many points during the analysis. Management determines the fair value of the reporting unit based on the income approach which requires significant judgments to be made about the future cash flows of that reporting unit, discount rates, and growth rates. The Company’s cash flow forecasts are based on assumptions that represent the highest and best use for the Company’s reporting units. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, management completed its annual goodwill impairment test and concluded that the Company’s goodwill wasnot impaired.

Intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives. Each period, the Company evaluates the estimated remaining useful life of its intangible assets and whether events or changes in circumstances warrant a revision to the remaining period of amortization. The carrying amounts of these assets are periodically reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of each asset group to the future undiscounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate. The carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value if the undiscounted cash flows used in the test for recoverability are less than the carrying amount of such assets. No impairment charge related to the impairment of intangible assets was recorded during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, or 2021.

Other Borrowings

The Company has certain loan agreements with Spanish government agencies which were assumed when the Company acquired ICAR Vision Systems, S.L. (“ICAR”) in 2017. These agreements have repayment periods offive totwelve years and bearno interest. As of September 30, 2023, $1.2 million, was outstanding under these agreements and approximately $0.2 million and $1.1 million is recorded in other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2022, $1.3 million, was outstanding under these agreements and $0.1 million and $1.2 million is recorded in other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities, respectively, in the consolidated balance sheets.

Guarantees

In the ordinary course of business, the Company is not subject to potential obligations under guarantees that fall within the scope of FASB ASC Topic 460, Guarantees (“ASC 460”), except for standard indemnification and warranty provisions that are contained within many of the Company’s customer license and service agreements and certain supplier agreements, and give rise only to the disclosure requirements prescribed by ASC 460. Indemnification and warranty provisions contained within the Company’s customer license and service agreements and certain supplier agreements are generally consistent with those prevalent in the Company’s industry. The Company has not historically incurred significant obligations under customer indemnification or warranty provisions and does not expect to incur significant obligations in the future. Accordingly, the Company does not maintain accruals for potential customer indemnification or warranty-related obligations.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes(“ASC 740”). Deferred tax assets and liabilities arise from temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.

Management evaluates the available evidence about future taxable income and other possible sources of realization of deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance reduces deferred tax assets to an amount that represents management’s best estimate of the amount of such deferred tax assets that more likely than not will be realized. See Note 8 for additional details.

The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit is measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. See Note 8 for additional details.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company issues RSUs, stock options, performance options, and Senior Executive Long-Term Incentive Restricted Stock Units (“Senior Executive Performance RSUs”) as awards to its employees based on the fair value assigned to RSUs which is based on the closing stock price of its common stock, par value $0.001 (“Common Stock”) on the date of grant. Additionally, eligible employees may participate in the Company’s ESPP. Employee stock awards are measured at fair value on the date of grant and expense is recognized using the straight-line single-option method in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and ESPP shares using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which greatly affect the calculated values. The expected term of options granted is derived from historical data on employee exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The risk-free rate selected to value any particular grant is based on the U.S. Treasury rate that corresponds to the expected life of the grant effective as of the date of the grant. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock price. These factors could change in the future, affecting the determination of stock-based compensation expense in future periods.

The Company estimates the fair value of performance options, Senior Executive Performance RSUs, and similar awards using the Monte-Carlo simulation. The Monte-Carlo simulation requires subjective assumptions, including the Company’s valuation date stock price, the annual risk-free interest rate, expected volatility, the probability of reaching the stock performance targets, and a 20-trading-day average stock price.

Advertising Expense

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and totaled $1.2 million, $1.1 million and $1.2 million during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

Research and Development

Research and development costs are expensed in the period incurred.

Segment Reporting

FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, requires the use of a management approach in identifying segments of an enterprise. During the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, management determined that the Company has onlyone operating segment: the development, sale, and service of proprietary software solutions related to mobile imaging. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer, who reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions, assessing financial performance and allocating resources.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income, unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, and foreign currency translation adjustments.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

The Company did not adopt any new accounting pronouncements in the twelve months ended September 30, 2023.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures amending existing income tax disclosure guidance, primarily requiring more detailed disclosure for income taxes paid and the effective tax rate reconciliation. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted and can be applied on either a prospective or retroactive basis. The Company is currently evaluating the ASU to determine its impact on its income tax disclosures and expects.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (ASU 2020-04) and also issued subsequent amendments to the initial guidance (collectively, Topic 848). Topic 848 provides optional guidance for contract modifications and certain hedging relationships associated with the transition from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. The Company will adopt Topic 848 when the relevant contracts are modified upon transition to alternative reference rates. The Company does not expect the adoption of Topic 848 will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

No other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 had, or are expected to have, a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

2. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Nature of Goods and Services

The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates its revenue. Contracts with customers are evaluated on a contract-by-contract basis as contracts may include multiple types of goods and services as described below.

Software and Hardware

Software and hardware revenue is generated from on premise software license sales, as well as sales of hardware scanner boxes and on premise appliance products. Software is typically sold as a time-based license with a term ofone tothree years. For software license agreements that are distinct, the Company recognizes software license revenue upon delivery and after evidence of a contract exists. Hardware revenue is recognized at a point in time upon shipment and after evidence of a contract exists.

Services and Other

Services and other revenue is generated from the sale of software as a service (“SaaS”) products and services, maintenance associated with the sale of on premise software licenses and consulting and professional services. The Company’s SaaS offerings give customers the option to be charged upon their incurred usage in arrears (“Pay as You Go”), or commit to a minimum spend over their contracted period, with the ability to purchase unlimited additional transactions above the minimum during the contract term. Revenue related to Pay as You Go contracts are recognized based on the customer’s actual usage, in the period of usage. For contracts which include a minimum commitment, the Company is standing ready to provide as many transactions as desired by the customer throughout the contract term, and revenue is recognized on a ratable basis over the contract period including an estimate of usage above the minimum commitment. Usage above minimum commitment is estimated by looking at historical usage, expected volume, and other factors to project out for the remainder of the contract term. The estimated usage-based revenues are constrained to the amount the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for providing access to its platform. If professional services are deemed to be distinct, revenue is recognized as services are performed. The Company does not view the signing of the contract or the provision of initial setup services as discrete earnings events that are distinct.

Significant Judgments in Application of the Guidance

The Company uses the following methods, inputs, and assumptions in determining amounts of revenue to recognize:

Identification of Performance Obligations

For contracts that contain multiple performance obligations, which include combinations of software licenses, maintenance, and services, the Company accounts for individual goods or services as a separate performance obligation if they are distinct. The good or service is distinct if the good or service is separately identifiable from other items in the arrangement and if a customer can benefit from it on its own or with other resources that are readily available to the customer. If these criteria are not met, the promised goods or services are accounted for as a combined performance obligation.

Determination of Transaction Price

The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring products or services to the customer. The Company includes any fixed charges within its contracts as part of the total transaction price. To the extent that variable consideration is not constrained, the Company includes an estimate of the variable amount, as appropriate, within the total transaction price and updates its assumptions over the duration of the contract. As a practical expedient, the Company does not adjust the transaction price for the effects of a significant financing component if, at contract inception, the period between customer payment and the transfer of goods or services is expected to be one year or less.

Assessment of Estimates of Variable Consideration

Many of the Company’s contracts with customers contain some component of variable consideration; however, variable consideration will only be included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of revenues recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The Company may constrain the estimated transaction price in the event of a high degree of uncertainty as to the final consideration amount owed because of an extended length of time over which the fees may be adjusted or due to uncertainty surrounding collectability. The Company estimates variable consideration in its contracts primarily using the expected value method as the Company believes this method represents the most appropriate estimate for this consideration, based on historical usage trends, the individual contract considerations, and its best judgment at the time.

Allocation of Transaction Price

The transaction price, including any discounts, is allocated between separate goods and services in a contract that contains multiple performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling prices. The standalone selling prices are based on the prices at which the Company separately sells each good or service. For items that are not sold separately, the Company estimates the standalone selling prices using available information such as market conditions and internally approved pricing guidelines. In certain situations, primarily transactional SaaS revenue described above, the Company allocates variable consideration to a series of distinct goods or services within a contract. The Company allocates variable payments to one or more, but not all, of the distinct goods or services or to a series of distinct goods or services in a contract when (i) the variable payment relates specifically to the Company’s efforts to transfer the distinct good or service and (ii) the variable payment is for an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to its customer.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents the Company's revenue disaggregated by major product category (amounts in thousands):

Contract Balances

The following table provides information about contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers (amounts in thousands) as of September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Contract assets reported within a separate line in current assets and the other non-current assets line in the consolidated balance sheets, primarily result from when the right to consideration is conditional upon factors other than the passage of time. Contract liabilities primarily relate to advance consideration received from customers (deferred revenue), for which transfer of control occurs, and therefore revenue is recognized as services are provided. Contract balances are reported in a net contract asset or liability position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. The Company recognized $19.3 million and $10.9 million of revenue during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which was included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of each such period. Unbilled receivables are included within accounts receivable, net on the consolidated balance sheets and were $0.9 million and $1.7 million as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

As of September 30, 2023, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations that were unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied was $18.3 million, which is recorded as deferred revenue on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Of that amount, $17.4 million will be recognized as revenue during the year ended September 30, 2024, and $1.0 million thereafter.

As of September 30, 2022, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations that were unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied was $23.1 million, which is recorded as deferred revenue on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Of that amount, $21.4 million was expected to be recognized as revenue during the year ended September 30, 2023, and $1.8 million thereafter.

Contract Costs

Contract costs included in other current and non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets totaled $2.6 million and $2.4 million at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Contract costs are amortized based on the transfer of goods or services to which the asset relates. The amortization period also considers expected customer lives and whether the asset relates to goods or services transferred under a specific anticipated contract. These costs are included in selling and marketing expenses in the consolidated statement of operations and other comprehensive income (loss) and totaled $1.5 million and $1.3 million during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. There wereno impairment losses recognized during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 related to capitalized contract costs.

3. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

Acquisition of ID R&D, Inc.

On May 28, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), the Company completed the ID R&D Acquisition pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) dated May 28, 2021, by and among the Company, ID R&D and Alexey Khitrov (the “Representative”). Upon completion of the ID R&D Acquisition, ID R&D became a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Mitek Systems, Inc. ID R&D is an award-winning provider of artificial intelligence-based voice and face biometrics and liveness detection.

As consideration for the ID R&D Acquisition, the Company agreed to pay an aggregate purchase price of up to $49.0 million. On the Closing Date, the equityholders of ID R&D received from the Company: (i) $13.0 million in cash, subject to adjustments for transaction expenses, escrow amounts, indebtedness and working capital adjustments (the “Initial Cash Payment”); and (ii)867,226 shares, or $13.9 million, of Common Stock. In addition to the foregoing, the equityholders of ID R&D may become entitled to receive additional consideration from the Company upon achievement of certain milestones as follows (collectively, the “Earnout Payments”): subject to ID R&D’s achievement of target revenue for the period commencing on the Closing Date and ending on theone year anniversary thereof and the period commencing on theone year anniversary of the Closing Date and ending on theone year anniversary thereof (each such period, an “Earnout Period”): (i) an aggregate maximum amount of approximately $12.3 million with respect to the first Earnout Period and (ii) approximately $9.8 million with respect to the second Earnout Period, with 15% of the first Earnout Period’s payment to be deposited (as additional funds) into an escrow fund. The Company will make the Earnout Payments in the form of cash and up to 711,535 shares of Common Stock as set forth in the Merger Agreement. The Company has granted the Representative an option to shift the Earnout Period(s) out byone year, pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement. Moreover, in the event actual revenue for an Earnout Period exceeds the target revenue for such period, the amount of such excess will be credited towards the achievement of the subsequent Earnout Period’s Earnout Payment. In May and June of 2022, the Company paid the first of the Earnout Payments of an aggregate of $9.5 million which consisted of $7.7 million paid in cash and $1.8 million in shares of Common Stock to the equityholders of ID R&D. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement,15% of the Earnout Payments with respect to the first Earnout Period, were deposited into the escrow fund which consisted of both cash and Common Stock. The Company released the cash and shares held in escrow in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023. The second Earnout Period ended in May 2023 and the Representative did not exercise their option to shift the Earnout Period. In the first quarter of fiscal 2024, the Company paid the second Earnout Payment of an aggregate $8.0 million which consisted of $4.7 million paid in cash and $3.3 million in shares of Common Stock to the equityholders of ID R&D.

The Company estimated the fair value of the consideration for the Earnout Periods to be $15.7 million on the Closing Date, which was determined using a discounted cash flow methodology based on financial forecasts determined by management that included assumptions about revenue growth and discount rates, and is included in level three of the fair value hierarchy. Each quarter, the Company revised the estimated fair value of the consideration for the Earnout Periods. Accordingly, the Company recognized an expense of $2.1 million and gain of $1.4 million in amortization and acquisition-related costs in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss) for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company incurred $0.6 million of expense in connection with the acquisition primarily related to legal fees, outside service costs, and travel expense, which are included in amortization and acquisition-related costs in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss).

On the Closing Date, the Company deposited a portion of the Initial Cash Payment and a number of shares of Common Stock having a collective value of approximately $4.0 million into an escrow fund to serve as collateral and partial security for working capital adjustments and certain indemnification rights of the Company. As indicated above,15% of the Earnout Payment with respect to the first Earnout Period was also be deposited into the escrow fund. The escrow fund was released to the equityholders of ID R&D in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023. The Company used cash on hand for the Initial Cash Payment.

Acquisition of HooYu Ltd.

On March 23, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition (“HooYu Acquisition”) of HooYu Ltd (“HooYu”) pursuant to the Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) dated March 23, 2022, by and among the Company and certain persons identified in the Purchase Agreement (the “Sellers”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company, among other things, acquired 100% of the outstanding share capital of HooYu, a leading global customer onboarding platform designed to increase the integrity of KYC and maximize the success of customer onboarding. As consideration for the HooYu Acquisition, the Company paid aggregate consideration in the amount of $129.1 million (the “Closing Consideration”), as such amount may be adjusted for transaction expenses and indebtedness. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, $1.6 million was withheld as a reduction to the Closing Consideration and was retained by the Company for the final working capital adjustments and indemnification of certain tax matters under the Purchase Agreement.

The Company incurred $3.2 million of expense in connection with the acquisition primarily related to legal fees, outside service costs, foreign currency and realized losses on investments, and travel expense, which are included in amortization and acquisition-related costs in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss).

On March 23, 2022, using cash on hand, the Company transferred an aggregate of $127.5 million to the Sellers and its third-party legal and investment advisors, net of cash acquired of $0.5 million. In July 2022 the Company paid an additional $0.4 million to the Sellers in settling final working capital.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed from the ID R&D Acquisition and HooYu Acquisition as of September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

The goodwill recognized is due to expected market participant synergies and other factors and isnot expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The Company estimated the fair value of identifiable acquisition-related intangible assets with definite lives primarily based on discounted cash flow projections that were estimated to arise from these assets. The Company exercised significant judgment with regard to assumptions used in the determination of fair value such as with respect to revenue growth rates, discount rates and the determination of the estimated useful lives of the intangible assets. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values and estimated useful lives of intangible assets with definite lives acquired from the ID R&D Acquisition and HooYu Acquisition during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands, except for years):

ID R&D

HooYu

The following unaudited pro forma financial information should not be taken as representative of the Company’s future consolidated results of operations and includes adjustments for the amortization expense related to the identified intangible assets. The following table summarizes the Company’s unaudited pro forma financial information and is presented as if the ID R&D Acquisition and HooYu Acquisition occurred on October 1, 2020 and 2021, respectively (amounts shown in thousands):

The following table summarizes the results of ID R&D and HooYu that are included in the Company’s consolidated results (amounts shown in thousands):

4. RESTRUCTURING

In order to streamline the organization and focus resources going forward, the Company undertook strategic restructurings in June and November 2022, which included reductions in workforce. Restructuring costs consist of employee severance obligations and other related costs. The following table summarizes changes in the restructuring accrual during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023(amounts in thousands):

5. INVESTMENTS

The Company determines the appropriate designation of investments at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. All of the Company’s investments are designated as available-for-sale debt securities. As of September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company’s short-term investments have maturity dates of less than one year from the balance sheet date. The Company’s long-term investments have maturity dates of greater than one year from the balance sheet date.

Available-for-sale marketable securities are carried at fair value as determined by quoted market prices for identical or similar assets, with unrealized gains and losses, net of taxes, and reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Management reviews the fair value of the portfolio at least monthly and evaluates individual securities with fair value below amortized cost at the balance sheet date. For debt securities, in order to determine whether impairment is other-than-temporary, management must conclude whether the Company intends to sell the impaired security and whether it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovering its amortized cost basis. If management intends to sell an impaired debt security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security prior to recovering its amortized cost basis, an other-than-temporary impairment is deemed to have occurred. The amount of an other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities related to a credit loss, or securities that management intends to sell before recovery, is recognized in earnings. The amount of an other-than-temporary impairment on debt securities related to other factors is recorded consistent with changes in the fair value of all other available-for-sale securities as a component of stockholders’ equity in other comprehensive income (loss). No other-than-temporary impairment charges were recognized in the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021. The Company hadno realized gain or loss from the sale of available-for-sale securities during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023. The Company realized a $0.3 million loss from the sale of available-for-sale securities during the twelve months ended September 30, 2022. There wereno realized gains or losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities during the twelve months ended September 30, 2021.

The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Amortization of premiums, accretion of discounts, interest, dividend income, and realized gains and losses are included in other income, net in the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss).

The following tables summarize investments by type of security as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively(amounts in thousands):

Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures

FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements (“ASC 820”) defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value under GAAP and enhances disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined under ASC 820 as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value under ASC 820 must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. ASC 820 describes a fair value hierarchy based on the following three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value which consists of the following:

•Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

•Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

The following tables represent the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s investments and acquisition-related contingent consideration as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively(amounts in thousands):

•Level 1: Includes investments in U.S. Government and agency securities, which are valued based on recently executed transactions in the same or similar securities.

•Level 2: Convertible Senior Notes and corporate debt securities. Corporate debt securities are valued using quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. On February 5, 2021, the Company issued the 2026 Notes as further described in Note 9. Concurrently with the issuance of the 2026 Notes, the

Company entered into the Notes Hedge and Warrant Transactions which in combination are intended to reduce the potential dilution from the conversion of the 2026 Notes (see Note 9).

The fair value of the Notes Hedge and the embedded conversion derivative were estimated using a Black-Scholes model. Based on the fair value hierarchy, the Company classified the Notes Hedge and the embedded conversion derivative as Level 2 as significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly. The significant inputs and assumptions used in the models to calculate the fair value of the derivatives include the Common Stock price, exercise price of the derivatives, risk-free interest rate, volatility, annual coupon rate and remaining contractual term.

As of September 30, 2023, total acquisition-related contingent consideration of $8.0 million is recorded in acquisition-related contingent consideration in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company recorded the acquisition date fair value based on the likelihood of contingent earnout payments related to the Company’s acquisition of ID R&D, as part of the consideration transferred. The earnout payments consist of cash payments and issuances of Common Stock and are subsequently remeasured to fair value each reporting date. The Company used a Monte Carlo Simulation to estimate fair value of total contingent consideration. Additionally, for contingent consideration to be settled in a variable number of shares of Common Stock, the Company used the most recent Mitek share price as reported by the Nasdaq Capital Market to determine the fair value of the shares expected to be issued. The Company previously classified the contingent consideration as Level 3, due to the lack of relevant observable inputs and market activity. The second earnout period ended on May 28, 2023 and the value recorded as of September 30, 2023 is based on the calculated final payout and the Company reclassified the contingent consideration as Level 2 during the third quarter of fiscal year 2023. The following table includes a roll-forward of the contingent consideration liability during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023(amounts in thousands):

The following tables summarize the quantitative information including the unobservable inputs related to our acquisition-related contingent consideration as of September 30, 2022(amounts in thousands):

6. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

The Company had a goodwill balance of $123.5 million and $115.6 million at September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, representing the excess of costs over fair value of assets of businesses acquired. The following table summarizes changes in the balance of goodwill during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets include the value assigned to purchased completed technology, customer relationships, trade names, and covenants not to compete. The estimated useful lives for all of these intangible assets range from three toseven years and they are amortized on a straight-line basis. Intangible assets as of September 30, 2023 and 2022 are summarized as follows(amounts in thousands, except for years):

Amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets was $17.0 million, $13.5 million, and $7.5 million for twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and is recorded within amortization and acquisition-related costs on the consolidated statements of operations and other comprehensive income (loss).

The estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets for each of the five succeeding fiscal years is expected to be as follows(amounts in thousands):

7. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs, stock options, and ESPP shares for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, which were allocated as follows(amounts in thousands):

No options were granted in the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 or 2022. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $20.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding stock options and RSUs expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.3 years.

2020 Incentive Plan

In January 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) adopted the Mitek Systems, Inc. 2020 Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”) upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board. On March 4, 2020, the Company’s stockholders approved the 2020 Plan. The total number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the 2020 Plan is 4,500,000 shares plus such number of shares, not to exceed 107,903, as remained available for issuance under the 2002 Stock Option Plan, 2006 Stock Option Plan, 2010 Stock Option Plan, and 2012 Incentive Plan (collectively, the “Prior Plans”) as of January 17, 2020, plus any shares underlying awards under the Prior Plans that are terminated, forfeited, cancelled, expire unexercised or are settled in cash after January 17, 2020. As of September 30, 2023, (i)1,834,474 RSUs and 730,393 performance-based restricted stock unit awards (“Performance RSUs”) were outstanding under the 2020 Plan, (ii)1,425,042 shares of Common Stock were reserved for future grants under the 2020 Plan, and (iii) stock options to purchase an aggregate of 434,090 shares of Common Stock and 94,309 RSUs were outstanding under the Prior Plans.

On October 2, 2023, the Company held an annual meeting of its stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”). At the Annual Meeting, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment and restatement of the 2020 Plan to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance thereunder by 5,108,000 shares (the 2020 Plan as so amended and restated, the “A&R 2020 Plan”).

The A&R 2020 Plan had been previously approved, subject to stockholder approval, by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee of the Board, on August 9, 2023. A summary of the A&R 2020 Plan was included in the Company’s definitive proxy statement for the Annual Meeting filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on August 22, 2023, as supplemented and amended on September 19, 2023 (the “Proxy Statement”).

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In January 2018, the Board adopted the ESPP. On March 7, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the ESPP. The total number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance thereunder is 1,000,000 shares. As of September 30, 2023, (i)729,124 shares have been issued to participants pursuant to the ESPP and (ii)270,876 shares of Common Stock were reserved for future purchases under the ESPP. The Company commenced the initial offering period on April 2, 2018.

The ESPP enables eligible employees to purchase shares of Common Stock at a discount from the market price through payroll deductions, subject to certain limitations. Eligible employees may elect to participate in the ESPP only during an open enrollment period. The offering period immediately follows the open enrollment window, at which time ESPP contributions are withheld from the participant's regular paycheck. The ESPP provides for a 15% discount on the market value of the stock at the lower of the grant date price (first day of the offering period) and the purchase date price (last day of the offering period). The Company recognized $0.3 million, $0.4 million and $0.6 million in stock-based compensation expense related to the ESPP during each of the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

Director Restricted Stock Unit Plan

In January 2011, the Board adopted the Mitek Systems, Inc. Director Restricted Stock Unit Plan, as amended and restated (the “Director Plan”). On March 10, 2017, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the Director Plan to increase the number of shares of Common Stock available for future grants. The total number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance thereunder is 1,500,000 shares. The Director Plan expired on December 31, 2022. As of September 30, 2023, (i)259,513 RSUs were outstanding under the Director Plan and (ii)no shares of Common Stock were reserved for future grants under the Director Plan.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Company’s equity plans during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021:

The Company recognized $0.4 million, $0.5 million, and $0.7 million in stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding stock options during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $9,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding stock options expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 0.1 years.

Aggregate intrinsic value represents the value of the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the fiscal period in excess of the weighted-average exercise price, multiplied by the number of options outstanding and exercisable. There wereno options granted during either of the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, or 2021.

Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes RSU activity under the Company’s equity plans during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021:

The cost of RSUs is determined using the fair value of Common Stock on the award date, and the compensation expense is recognized ratably over the vesting period. The Company recognized $7.1 million, $9.4 million, and $8.1 million in stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding RSUs in the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $16.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.5 years.

Performance Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes Performance RSU activity under the Company’s equity plans during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021:

The cost of Performance RSUs is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the fair value on the award date, and the compensation expense is recognized ratably over the vesting period. The Company recognized $2.7 million, $3.0 million, and $1.3 million in stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding Performance RSUs in the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $3.4 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to outstanding RSUs expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.7 years.

Performance Options

On November 6, 2018, as an inducement grant pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4), the Company’s Chief Executive Officer was granted performance options (the “Performance Options”) to purchase up to 800,000 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $9.50 per share, the closing market price for a share of Common Stock on the date of the grant. During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2021, the performance conditions were achieved. In November 2021, the time vesting condition was met and the performance options vested in full. The Company recognized $0.1 million and $0.8 million in stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding Performance Options in the twelve months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company didnot recognize any stock-based compensation expense related to outstanding performance options for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023.

Share Repurchase Program

On June 15, 2021, the Board authorized and approved a share repurchase program for up to $15 million of the currently outstanding shares of our Common Stock. The share repurchase program was completed during the second quarter of fiscal 2022 and as such the Company made no purchase during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023.

The Company made purchases of $14.8 million, or approximately 886,204 shares, during twelve months ended September 30, 2022 at an average price of $16.73 per share and subsequently retired the shares. The share repurchase program expired on June 30, 2022 and as such no purchases were made after this date. The timing, price and volume of repurchases were based on market conditions, relevant securities laws and other factors. The repurchases were made from time to time, through solicited or unsolicited transactions in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions or pursuant to a share repurchase trading plan.

Rights Agreement

On October 23, 2018, the Company entered into the Section 382 Rights Agreement (the “Rights Agreement”) and issued a dividend ofone preferred share purchase right (a “Right”) for each share of Common Stock payable on November 2, 2018 to the stockholders of record of such shares on that date. Each Right entitles the registered holder, under certain circumstances, to purchase from the Company one one-thousandth of a share of Series B Junior Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Shares”), of the Company, at a price of $35.00 per one one-thousandth of a Preferred Share represented by a Right, subject to adjustment. The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in the Rights Agreement.

The Rights are not exercisable until the Distribution Date (as defined in the Rights Agreement). Until a Right is exercised, the holder thereof, as such, will have no rights as a stockholder of the Company, including, without limitation, the right to vote or to receive dividends.

At any time prior to the time any person becomes an Acquiring Person (as defined in the Rights Agreement), the Board may redeem the Rights in whole, but not in part, at a price of $0.0001 per Right (the “Redemption Price”). The redemption of the Rights may be made effective at such time, on such basis and with such conditions as the Board in its sole discretion may establish. Immediately upon any redemption of the Rights, the right to exercise the Rights will terminate and the only right of the holders of Rights will be to receive the Redemption Price.

On February 28, 2019, the Company entered into an Amendment No. 1 to the Rights Agreement for the purpose of (i) modifying the definitions of “Beneficial Owner,” “Beneficially Own,” and “Beneficial Ownership” under the Rights Agreement to more closely align such definitions to the actual and constructive ownership rules under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Section 382”) or such similar provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and (ii) adding an exemption request process for persons to seek an exemption from becoming an “Acquiring Person” under the Rights Agreement in the event such person wishes to acquire 4.9% or more of the Common Stock then outstanding.

The Rights expired on October 22, 2021 andno Rights were redeemed or exchanged.

8. INCOME TAXES

Provision for Income Taxes

Income before income taxes for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021 is comprised of the following (amounts in thousands):

For the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021 the income tax benefit (provision) was as follows(amounts in thousands):

Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities

Significant components of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2023 and 2022 are as follows(amounts in thousands):

The net change in the total valuation allowance for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 was a decrease of $0.1 million and an increase of $2.1 million, respectively. There was no material change in the total valuation allowance during the twelve months ended September 30, 2023. The valuation allowance increased due to foreign losses incurred in the twelve months ended September 30, 2022. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. The Company considers projected future taxable income and planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on the level of historical operating results and the projections for future taxable income, the Company has determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized with the exception of the net foreign deferred tax assets for certain foreign entities. During the year ended September 30, 2022 the Company completed the HooYu Acquisition, as detailed in Note 3 which increased deferred tax liabilities related to intangible assets.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company hasno available net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes. The net operating losses for state purposes are $25.2 million, which will begin to expire in 2032. As of September 30, 2023, the Company hasno available federal research and development credit carryforwards as the Company fully utilized all federal research and development credits. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has available California research and development credit carryforwards, net of reserves, of $4.4 million, which do not expire. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has available foreign research and development credit carryforwards of $0.8 million, which will begin to expire in 2037.

Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “IRC”) limit the utilization of tax attribute carryforwards that arise prior to certain cumulative changes in a corporation’s ownership. The Company has completed an IRC Section 382/383 analysis through March 31, 2017 and any identified ownership changes had no impact to the utilization of tax attribute carryforwards. Any future ownership changes may have an impact on the utilization of the tax attribute carryforwards.

Earnings from the Company's foreign subsidiaries are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. A distribution of these non-U.S. earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise would subject the Company to foreign withholding taxes and may subject the Company to U.S. federal and state taxes.

Income Tax Provision Reconciliation

The difference between the income tax benefit (provision) and income taxes computed using the U.S. federal income tax rate was as follows for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021(amounts shown in thousands):

Uncertain Tax Positions

In accordance with authoritative guidance, the Company recognizes the benefit of uncertain income tax positions only if those positions are more likely than not of being sustained. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained.

The following table reconciles the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023, 2022, and 2021(amounts shown in thousands):

Of the total unrecognized tax benefits at September 30, 2023, $2.4 million will impact the Company’s effective tax rate. The Company does not anticipate that there will be a substantial change in unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.

The Company's practice is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. As of September 30, 2023, no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recorded in the consolidated financial statements.

The Company is subject to income taxation in the U.S. at the federal and state levels. All tax years are subject to examination by U.S., California, and other state tax authorities due to the carryforward of unutilized net operating losses and tax credits. The Company is also subject to foreign income taxes in the countries in which it operates. To the Company’s knowledge, the Company is not currently under examination by any other taxing authorities.

9. CONVERTIBLE SENIOR NOTES

The carrying values of the 0.75% convertible notes due 2026 issued by the Company in an aggregate principal amount of $155.3 million (the “2026 Notes”) are as follows (amounts in thousands):

In February 2021, the Company issued $155.3 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes (including the Additional

Notes, as defined below). The 2026 Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company. The 2026 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated February 5, 2021 (the “Indenture”), between the Company and UMB Bank, National Association, as trustee. The Indenture includes customary covenants and sets forth certain events of default after which the 2026 Notes may be declared immediately due and payable and sets forth certain types of bankruptcy or insolvency events of default involving the Company after which the 2026 Notes become automatically due and payable. The Company granted the initial purchasers of the 2026 Notes (collectively, the “Initial Purchasers”) a 13-day option to purchase up to an additional $20.3 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes (the “Additional Notes”), which was exercised in full. The 2026 Notes were purchased in a transaction that was completed on February 5, 2021. As of January 13, 2023 (“Date of Noncompliance”), the Company was not in compliance with certain of the covenants in the Indenture as a result of the Company not timely filing its Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022 (“Form 10-K”)and the Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2022 (“Q1 Form 10-Q”) with the SEC. As a result of not being in compliance, the 2026 Notes began to accrue additional special interest of 0.25% of the outstanding principal of the 2026 Notes for the 90 days after the Date of Noncompliance and 0.50% of the outstanding principal of the 2026 Notes for the 91st through 180 th day after the Date of Noncompliance. The Company subsequently did not timely file its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 (“Q2 Form 10-Q”) and its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2023 (“Q3 Form 10-Q”). The Company then filed its Form 10-K with the SEC on July 31, 2023, its Q1 Form 10-Q with the SEC on September 6, 2023, and its Q2 Form 10-Q with the SEC on September 29, 2023. As a result, the Company was no longer required to accrue additional special interest. As of February 15, 2024, the Company was not in compliance with certain covenants in the Indenture as a result of not timely filing its Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2023 with the SEC.

In December 2023, the Company was notified that we were not in compliance with the Nasdaq listing rules as a result of the failure to timely file the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2023, and the Nasdaq issued a delisting determination. The Company requested and received a stay pending a hearing to occur on March 19, 2024. The Company has a panel hearing with the Nasdaq on March 19, 2024 to review the Company’s request to extend the stay of suspension of the Company’s common stock from the Nasdaq. The Company’s common stock will continue to trade on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “MITK” until the Panel issues its decision following the hearing and through the expiration of any additional extension period granted by the Panel. The Panel has discretion to grant an exception for up to 180 days after the Nasdaq Staff’s initial delisting decision. There can be no assurance that the Panel will grant the Company’s request for a stay pending the hearing process or any further extension following the hearing or continued listing. If the Company’s common stock ceases to be listed for trading on the Nasdaq the Company could be in default under the covenants within the 2026 Notes which could result in the Company’s debt becoming due and payable earlier than the maturity date. If the notes are called, the Company would seek a refinancing of all or a portion of the notes, repay the notes, or a combination of these actions.

The 2026 Notes will mature on February 1, 2026, unless earlier redeemed, repurchased or converted. The 2026 Notes bear interest from February 5, 2021 at a rate of 0.750% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1, 2021. The 2026 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2025, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2021, if the last reported sale price per share of Common Stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; (2) during five consecutive business days immediately after anyfive consecutive trading day period (such five consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per

$1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of the Common Stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; (3) upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on the Common Stock. On or after August 1, 2025, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or any portion of their 2026 Notes, in multiples of $1,000 principal amount, at the option of the holder regardless of the foregoing circumstances. Upon conversion, the Company may satisfy its conversion obligation by paying and/or delivering, as the case may be, cash and, if applicable at the Company’s election, shares of the Common Stock, based on the applicable conversion rate(s); provided that the Company will be required to settle conversions solely in cash unless and until the Company (i) receives stockholder approval to increase the number of authorized shares of the Common Stock and (ii) reserves such amount of shares of the Common Stock for future issuance as required pursuant to the Indenture that governs the 2026 Notes. The conversion rate for the 2026 Notes will initially be 47.9731 shares of the Common Stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2026 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $20.85 per share of the Common Stock. The initial conversion price of the 2026 Notes represents a premium of approximately 37.5% to the $15.16 per share last reported sale price of the Common Stock on February 2, 2021. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment under certain circumstances in accordance with the terms of the Indenture.

The net proceeds from this offering were approximately $149.7 million, after deducting the Initial Purchasers’ discounts and commissions and the Company’s estimated offering expenses related to the offering. The Company used approximately $9.3 million of the net proceeds from the offering to pay the cost of the Notes Hedge, after such cost is partially offset by the proceeds from the Warrant Transactions described below. The Initial Purchasers exercised their option to purchase Additional Notes in full and the Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the sale of such Additional Notes to enter into additional Notes Hedges, after such cost is partially offset by the proceeds from the additional Warrant Transactions, with the Option Counterparties (as defined below). The Company intends to use the remainder of the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes, which may include working capital, capital expenditures, and potential acquisitions and strategic transactions.

As of September 30, 2023, the number of authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock that are not reserved for other purposes is sufficient to settle the 2026 Notes into equity. Accordingly, the Company may settle conversions of notes through payment or delivery, as the case may be, of cash, shares of Common Stock or a combination of cash and shares of Common Stock, at the Company’s election.

In accounting for the issuance of the 2026 Notes, the conversion option of the 2026 Notes was deemed an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation from the 2026 Notes (“host contract”) and separate accounting as an embedded derivative liability, as a result of the Company not having the necessary number of authorized but unissued shares of its Common Stock available to settle the conversion option of the 2026 Notes in shares. The proceeds from the 2026 Notes were first allocated to the embedded derivative liability and the remaining proceeds were then allocated to the host contract. On February 5, 2021, the fair value of the embedded derivative liability representing the conversion option was $33.2 million and the remaining $116.5 million was allocated to the host contract. The difference between the principal amount of the 2026 Notes and the fair value of the host contract (the “debt discount”) is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 2026 Notes.

In the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the stockholders of the Company approved an increase to the number of authorized shares of Common Stock, to an amount sufficient to settle the conversion of the 2026 Notes. As a result of the increase to the number of authorized shares of Common Stock, the Company reclassified the embedded conversion derivative to additional paid-in capital.

As of September 30, 2023, the embedded conversion derivative is included in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheets and will not be remeasured provided the requirements to qualify for the scope exception in ASC 815-10-15-74(a) continue to be met.

Debt issuance costs for the issuance of the 2026 Notes were approximately $5.5 million, consisting of initial purchasers' discount and other issuance costs. In accounting for the transaction costs, the Company allocated the total amount incurred to the 2026 Notes. Transaction costs were recorded as debt issuance cost (presented as contra debt in the consolidated balance sheet) and are being amortized using the effective interest method to interest expense over the term of the 2026 Notes.

The following table presents the total amount of interest cost recognized relating to the 2026 Notes for the twelve months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):

The derived effective interest rate on the 2026 Notes host contract was determined to be 6.71%, which remains unchanged from

the date of issuance. The remaining unamortized debt discount was $19.7 million as of September 30, 2023, and will be amortized over approximately 2.3 years.

Convertible Senior Notes Hedge and Warrants

In connection with the pricing of the 2026 Notes, the Company entered into the Notes Hedge with Bank of America, N.A., Jefferies International Limited and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (the “Option Counterparties”). The Notes Hedge provided the Company with the option to acquire, on a net settlement basis, approximately 7.4 million shares of Common Stock at a strike price of $20.85, which is equal to the number of shares of Common Stock that notionally underlie and correspond to the conversion price of the 2026 Notes. The Company also entered into Warrant Transactions with the Option Counterparties relating to the same number of shares of the Common Stock, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. The strike price of the Warrant Transactions is $26.53 per share, which represents a 75.0% premium to the last reported sale price of the Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Market on February 2, 2021, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Warrant Transactions.

The Company was initially required to settle the Notes Hedge in cash, as they did not qualify for the scope exception for contracts involving an issuer’s own equity in ASC 815 and were accounted for as a derivative asset. Upon initial purchase, the Notes Hedge was recorded inconvertible senior notes hedge at $33.2 million in the consolidated balance sheets. In the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the stockholders of the Company approved an increase to the number of authorized shares of Common Stock, to an amount sufficient to settle the conversion of the 2026 Notes. As a result of the increase to the number of authorized shares of Common Stock, the Company reclassified the Notes Hedge to additional paid-in capital.

As of September 30, 2023, the Notes Hedge is included in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheet and will not be remeasured provided the requirements to qualify for the scope exception in ASC 815-10-15-74(a) continue to be met and the Company hadnot purchased any shares under the Notes Hedge.

As a result of the Warrant Transactions, the Company is required to recognize incremental dilution of earnings per share to the extent the average share price is over $26.53 for any fiscal quarter. During fiscal 2023, there wasno dilution of earnings per share. The Warrant Transactions expire over a period of 80 trading days commencing on May 1, 2026 and may be settled in net shares of Common Stock or net cash at the Company’s election. Upon initial sale, the Warrant Transactions were recorded as an increase in additional paid-in capital within stockholders’ equity of $23.9 million. As of September 30, 2023, the Warrant Transactions hadnot been exercised and remained outstanding.