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TRINET GROUP, INC.

For the period ended Sep 30, 2025. Filed Oct 29, 2025.

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A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Sep 30, 2025 · Filed Oct 29, 2025

TNET$64.63-3.0%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Description of Business

TriNet Group, Inc. (TriNet, or the Company, we, our and us) provides comprehensive HCM solutions for small and medium-size businesses under both a PEO model and an HRIS services model. These HCM solutions include multi-state payroll processing and tax administration, employee benefits programs, including health insurance and retirement plans, workers' compensation insurance and claims management, employment and benefit law compliance, and other HR-related services. Through our PEO service model, we are the employer of record for certain employment-related administrative and regulatory purposes for WSEs, including:

compensation through wages and salaries,

certain employer payroll-related tax payments,

employee payroll-related tax withholdings and payments,

employee benefit programs, including health and life insurance, and

workers' compensation coverage.

Our PEO clients are responsible for the day-to-day job responsibilities of the WSEs.

Through our HRIS and ASO services models, we provide cloud-based HCM services to SMBs that allows them to manage hiring, onboarding, employee information, payroll processing, payroll tax administration, health insurance, and other benefits, from a single cloud-based software platform. We are not the co-employer or employer of record for such employees.

We operate inone reportable segment. All of our service revenues are generated from external clients. Less than 1% of our revenue is generated outside of the U.S.

Basis of Presentation and Basis of Consolidation

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial reporting and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X of the Rules and Regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and an entity consolidated under the variable interest model. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Certain information and note disclosures included in our annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, that are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results anticipated for the full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

When entering into contractual arrangements with other entities, we assess whether we have a variable interest. If we determine that we have a variable interest, we then determine whether the arrangement is with a variable interest entity ("VIE"). If the arrangement is with a VIE, we assess whether we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE by identifying the most significant activities and determining who has the power over those activities and who has the obligation to absorb the majority of the losses or benefits of the VIE. We consolidate a VIE when we have the power to direct activities that most significantly affect the economic performance of the VIE and have the obligation to absorb the majority of their losses or benefits, making us the primary beneficiary.

Periodically, we assess whether any changes in our interest or relationship with the entity affect our determination of whether the entity is a VIE and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary.

In December 2023, we created a trust ("TriNet Trust") for the purpose of holding ASO clients' payroll funds for the remittance to ASO Users, tax authorities and other recipients. TriNet Trust's assets are restricted and can only be used for payments on behalf of ASO clients, repayments of any advances from TriNet, or payments to TriNet of interest income earned on the balances of TriNet Trust. In the event of any losses, creditors to the Trust have

TRINET332025 Q3 FORM 10-Q
FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents

recourse to TriNet Trust's property and not that of TriNet overall. The risks associated with the Trust are similar to those that currently exist for the Company such as banking losses in excess of FDIC insurance levels, interest rate and market conditions.

We determined that TriNet Trust meets the definition of a variable interest entity and as the primary beneficiary we have both the power to direct TriNet Trust’s activities that most significantly affect its performance and we have the right to receive benefits from TriNet Trust, in the form of interest income. As a result, TriNet Trust is consolidated into our financial statements. During the first quarter of 2024, TriNet Trust assumed ownership and responsibility of certain bank accounts that hold HRIS client funds and assumed related liabilities.

The following table presents the assets and liabilities of TriNet Trust which are included in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. These amounts on any particular date can vary due to timing of cash receipts and remittances related to the payroll processing activities of our clients.

(in millions)TriNet Trust
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$3
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments63
Total current assets66
Total assets$66
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and other current liabilities$1
Accrued wages14
Payroll tax liabilities and other payroll withholdings49
Total current liabilities64
Total liabilities$64

Reclassifications

Income Statement

Certain prior year amounts on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. Specifically, interest income previously included in the former Other income (expense) category is now classified as a component of Total revenue. Similarly, Interest expense, bank fees and other has been reclassified as part of total expenses. These reclassifications eliminate the profitability measure of Operating Income on our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income and Comprehensive Income, which is not a key measure of profitability used by management.

Statement of Cash Flows

Certain prior year amounts on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows have also been reclassified to conform to current period presentation, with no impact on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, Condensed Consolidated Statement of Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity. In particular, changes in WSE related assets and liabilities were previously reported within operating activities and are now reclassified into financing activities to better reflect operating activities excluding the impact of client cash flows.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
(in millions)As previously reportedReclassifiedamountsAs revised
Operating activities
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable, net2(7)(5)
Payroll funds receivable(64)64—
Prepaid expenses, net3(15)(12)
Other assets(44)2(42)
Other payroll assets(502)5053
Accounts payable and other liabilities(13)3(10)
Client deposits and other client liabilities(27)18(9)
Accrued wages52(75)(23)
Accrued health insurance costs, net18(20)(2)
Accrued workers' compensation costs, net(19)5(14)
Payroll taxes payable and other payroll withholdings(18)10(8)
Net cash used in operating activities(612)490(122)
Financing activities
Change in WSE and TriNet Trust related assets and liabilities, net—(490)(490)
Net cash used in financing activities—(490)(490)

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and related disclosures.

These estimates are based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable from the facts available to us. Some of the assumptions are highly uncertain at the time of estimation. To the extent actual experience differs from the assumptions used, our condensed consolidated financial statements could be materially affected.

Accrued Health Insurance Costs

We sponsor and administer a number of employee benefit plans for our PEO WSEs, including group medical, dental, and vision as an employer plan sponsor under section 3(5) of the ERISA. In the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the majority of our group health insurance costs were related to risk-based plans. Our remaining group health insurance costs were for guaranteed-cost policies.

Accrued health insurance costs are established to provide for the estimated unpaid costs of reimbursing the carriers for paying claims within the deductible layer in accordance with risk-based health insurance policies. These accrued costs include estimates for claims incurred but not paid. We assess accrued health insurance costs regularly based upon actuarial studies that include other relevant factors such as current and historical claims payment patterns, plan enrollment and medical trend rates.

In certain carrier contracts we are required to prepay our obligations for the expected claims activity for subsequent periods. These prepaid balances by agreement permit net settlement of obligations and offset the accrued health insurance costs. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, prepayments and miscellaneous receivables offsetting accrued health insurance costs were $118 million and $60 million, respectively. When the prepaid amount is in excess of our recorded liability, the net asset position is included in prepaid expenses. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accrued health insurance costs offsetting prepaid expenses were $27 million and $90 million, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

Interest Income

We recognize interest income on cash and investments as revenue because the collection and processing of funds held for the benefit of our clients are critical components of providing these services. Interest income is recognized when earned. Our portion of any interest income received from tax jurisdictions related to tax refunds is recognized when the timing and amounts of the interest are determinable.

Other Payroll Assets and Payroll Tax Liabilities and Other Payroll Withholdings

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents

Included in other payroll assets are expected payroll tax refunds for which we have filed payroll tax returns claiming the refund with the IRS. Included in these receivables are ERTC and other credits that we have filed returns for on behalf of our clients. When we file a claim for a refund that will be passed on to our clients, we recognize a corresponding liability that is recognized in payroll tax liabilities and other payroll withholdings. We also have receivables from the IRS for ERTC claims where we have distributed portions of the receivables to our clients. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, total ERTC receivables are $389 million and $831 million, respectively. Of this amount $20 million and $72 million have been distributed to our clients as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Leases

As of September 30, 2025, the establishment of our new corporate center in Atlanta and executing lease space has added $40 million to our future minimum lease payments and $19 million and $18 million to our operating lease ROU asset and liability, respectively.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently issued accounting guidance

Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses

In December 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, is to enhance the transparency and decision-usefulness of financial reporting by requiring public business entities to provide more detailed disclosures about the components of certain expense captions in their income statements. The ASU is effective for TriNet on a prospective basis for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of this ASU.

Income Taxes

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances income tax disclosure requirements. The ASU mandates additional details in the income tax rate reconciliation, including quantitative thresholds for reconciling items, and requires disaggregation of income taxes paid by federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions, with further breakdowns for significant individual jurisdictions. The ASU is effective for TriNet on a prospective basis for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of this ASU.

Internal-Use Software

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software (ASU 2025-06) which amends the guidance in ASC 350-40, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software. The amendments modernize the recognition and disclosure framework for internal-use software costs, removing the previous “development stage” model and introducing a more judgment-based approach. ASU 2025-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and for interim periods within those annual reporting periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of this ASU.

NOTE 2. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND INVESTMENTS - UNRESTRICTED AND RESTRICTED

Under the terms of the agreements with certain of our workers' compensation and health benefit insurance carriers, we are required to maintain collateral in trust accounts for the benefit of specified insurance carriers and to reimburse the carriers’ claim payments within our deductible layer. We invest a portion of the collateral amounts in marketable securities. We report the current and noncurrent portions of these trust accounts as restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We require our clients to prefund their payroll and related taxes and other withholding liabilities before payroll is processed or due for payment. This prefund, for PEO customers, as well as amounts held by our statutory trust for our HRIS Users, is included in restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments as payroll funds collected, which is designated to pay pending payrolls, payroll tax liabilities and other payroll withholdings. Also included in restricted cash are payroll tax refunds received that have not yet been remitted to clients pending our determination of allocation of payments to clients on these gross receipts from tax authorities.

We also invest available corporate funds, primarily in fixed income securities which meet the requirements of our corporate investment policy and are classified as AFS.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents

Our total cash, cash equivalents and investments are summarized below:

September 30, 2025 · December 31, 2024
(in millions) · Cash and cash equivalents · Available-for-sale marketable securities · Total · Cash and cash equivalents · Available-for-sale marketable securities · Total
Cash and cash equivalents$321$—$321$360$—$360
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments:
Payroll funds collected846—8461,1311,131
Collateral for health benefits claims3711315034110144
Collateral for workers' compensation claims48—4849—49
Trust for our HRIS Users63—6387—87
Other security deposits1—12—2
Total restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments9951131,1081,3031101,413
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and investments, noncurrent
Collateral for workers' compensation claims309512528117145
Total$1,346$208$1,554$1,691$227$1,918

NOTE 3. INVESTMENTS

The following tables summarize our financial instruments by significant categories and fair value measurement on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses, fair value of our AFS investments:

(in millions) · Fair Value Level · Amortized Cost · Gross Unrealized Gains · Gross Unrealized Losses · Fair Value · Cash and Cash Equivalents · Investments · Restricted Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fundsLevel 1$172$—$—$172$86$—$86
U.S. treasuriesLevel 27——7——7
Total cash equivalents179——17986—93
AFS Investments:
Corporate bondsLevel 234——34——34
Agency securitiesLevel 211——11——11
U.S. treasuriesLevel 21612—163——163
Total AFS Investments$206$2$—$208$—$—$208
(in millions) · Fair Value Level · Amortized Cost · Gross Unrealized Gains · Gross Unrealized Losses · Fair Value · Cash and Cash Equivalents · Investments · Restricted Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments
Cash equivalents:
Money market mutual fundsLevel 1$570$—$—$570$257$—$313
U.S. treasuriesLevel 21——1——1
Total cash equivalents571——571257—314
AFS Investments:
Corporate bondsLevel 235—35—35
Agency securitiesLevel 218—(1)17—17
U.S. treasuriesLevel 2176(2)174—174
Certificate of depositLevel 21——1——1
Total AFS Investments$230$—$(3)$227$—$—$227
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

We use an independent pricing source to determine the fair value of our securities. The independent pricing source utilizes various pricing models for each asset class, including the market approach. The inputs and assumptions for the pricing models are market observable inputs including trades of comparable securities, dealer quotes, credit spreads, yield curves and other market-related data.

We have not adjusted the prices obtained from the independent pricing service and we believe the prices received from the independent pricing service are representative of the prices that would be received to sell the assets at the measurement date (exit price).

The carrying value of the Company's cash equivalents and restricted cash equivalents approximate their fair values due to their short-term maturities.

We did not have any Level 3 financial instruments recognized in our condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. There were no transfers between levels as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Sales and Maturities

The fair value of debt investments by contractual maturity are shown below:

(in millions)September 30, 2025
One year or less$17
Over one year through five years185
Over five years through ten years6
Over ten years—
Total fair value$208

The gross proceeds from sales and maturities of AFS securities and gross realized losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are presented below. We hadimmaterial gross realized gains from sales of investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)2025202420252024
Gross proceeds from sales$14$31$76$93
Gross proceeds from maturities2396103

Fair Value of Long-Term Debt

As of September 30, 2025, our 2029 Notes and 2031 Notes were carried at their cost, net of issuance costs, and had a fair value of $469 million and $413 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, our 2029 Notes and 2031 Notes were carried at their cost, net of issuance costs, and had a fair value of $453 million and $408 million, respectively. The fair value of our 2029 Notes and 2031 Notes was obtained from a third-party pricing service and is based on observable market inputs. As such, the fair value of the Senior Notes is considered Level 2 in the hierarchy for fair value measurement.

Our 2021 Revolver is a floating rate debt. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of our 2021 Revolver approximated its carrying value (exclusive of issuance costs). The fair value of our floating rate debt is estimated based on a discounted cash flow, which incorporates credit spreads, market interest rates and contractual maturities to estimate the fair value and is considered Level 3 in the hierarchy for fair value measurement. The entire outstanding balance of $90 million under our 2021 Revolver was paid off in July 2025.

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents

NOTE 4. ACCRUED WORKERS' COMPENSATION COSTS

The following table summarizes the accrued workers’ compensation cost activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

Three Months EndedSeptember 30,Nine Months EndedSeptember 30,
(in millions)2025202420252024
Total accrued costs, beginning of period$158$154$158$175
Incurred
Current year984037
Prior years26(6)(23)
Total incurred11143414
Paid
Current year(3)(3)(5)(5)
Prior years(7)(10)(28)(29)
Total paid(10)(13)(33)(34)
Total accrued costs, end of period$159$155$159$155

The following summarizes workers' compensation liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

(in millions)September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Total accrued costs, end of period$159$158
Collateral paid to carriers and offset against accrued costs(4)(4)
Total accrued costs, net of carrier collateral offset$155$154
Payable in less than 1 year(net of collateral paid to carriers of $1 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024)$45$44
Payable in more than 1 year (net of collateral paid to carriers of $3 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)110110
Total accrued costs, net of carrier collateral offset$155$154

Incurred claims related to prior years represent changes in estimates for ultimate losses on workers' compensation claims. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, incurred losses from prior years primarily related to revisions in the severity on certain claims from older years. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the favorable development is due to lower than expected reported claim frequency and severity for the more recent years.

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we had $25 million and $26 million of collateral held by insurance carriers, respectively, of which $4 million was offset against accrued workers' compensation costs as the agreements permit and are net settled of insurance obligations against collateral held.

NOTE 5. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Contingencies

We are and, from time to time, have been and may in the future become involved in various litigation matters, legal proceedings, regulatory investigations and claims arising in the ordinary course of our business, including disputes with our clients or various class action, collective action, representative action, and other proceedings arising from the nature of our co-employment relationship with our clients and WSEs in which we are named as a defendant. In addition, due to the nature of our co-employment relationship with our clients and WSEs, we could be subject to liability for federal and state law violations, even if we do not participate in such violations. While our agreements with our clients contain indemnification provisions related to the conduct of our clients, we may not be able to avail ourselves of such provisions in every instance. We have accrued our current best estimates of probable losses with respect to these matters, which are individually and in aggregate immaterial to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

While the outcome of the matters described above cannot be predicted with certainty, management currently does not believe that any such claims or proceedings will have a materially adverse effect on our condensed consolidated

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FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents

financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. However, the unfavorable resolution of any particular matter or our reassessment of our exposure for any of the above matters based on additional information obtained in the future could have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

NOTE 6. STOCK BASED COMPENSATION

Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)

Time-based RSUs generally vest over afour-year term. Performance-based RSUs are subject to vesting requirements and are earned, in part, based on certain financial performance metrics as defined in the grant notice. Actual number of shares earned under performance-based RSUs may range from 0% to 200% of the target award. Performance-based awards granted in 2025 and 2024 are earned based on a single-year performance period subject to subsequent multi-year time-based vesting with 50% of the shares earned vesting inone year after the performance period and the remaining shares in the year after. RSUs are generally forfeited if the participant terminates service prior to vesting. The fair value of our RSUs is equal to the fair value of our common stock on the grant date.

The following tables summarize RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:

Time-based RSUs

Total Numberof SharesWeighted-AverageGrant DateFair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 20241,100,001$97.21
Granted734,52176.83
Vested(458,119)90.80
Forfeited(160,184)76.45
Nonvested at September 30, 20251,216,219$88.61

Performance-based RSUs

Total Number of SharesWeighted-AverageGrant DateFair Value
Nonvested at December 31, 2024179,907$106.50
Granted74,84076.69
Vested(4,856)84.98
Forfeited(23,526)78.65
Nonvested at September 30, 2025226,365$83.19

Stock Options

Stock options are granted to eligible employees at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of our common stock on the dates of grant. Stock options generally have a maximum contractual term of 10 years. Stock options vest after 3 years, and are generally forfeited if the employee terminates service prior to vesting.

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:

Numberof SharesWeightedAverageExercisePriceWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm(in years)AggregateIntrinsicValue(in millions)
Balance at December 31, 2024—$——$—
Granted270,14476.699.21—
Balance at September 30, 2025270,144$76.699.21$—
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTSTable of Contents

We estimated the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Because we do not have significant exercise history in granting stock options, we estimate the expected term using the simplified method. We estimate expected volatility using the daily historical trading data of our common shares. The table below summarizes the assumptions used.

The fair value of stock options is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

Stock Option Assumptions
Expected Term (in Years)Expected VolatilityRisk-Free Interest RateExpected Dividend Yield
September 30, 20256.542.3%4.09%1.43%
Additional Disclosures for Stock Options (in millions)September 30, 2025
Weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options$31.65
Total fair value of options granted$9

Stock Based Compensation

Stock based compensation expense for stock-based awards made to our employees pursuant to our equity plans were as follows:

Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)2025202420252024
Cost of providing services$4$4$12$12
Sales and marketing3389
General and administrative972328
Systems development and programming costs1154
Total stock based compensation expense$17$15$48$53
Total stock based compensation capitalized$1$1$2$2

The table below summarizes unrecognized compensation expense as of September 30, 2025 associated with the following:

Amount(in millions)Weighted-Average Period (in Years)
Nonvested stock options$72.47
Nonvested time based RSUs1002.56
Nonvested performance based RSUs121.83

NOTE 7. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

The following table shows the beginning and ending balances of our issued and outstanding common stock for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

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Three Months EndedSeptember 30,Nine Months EndedSeptember 30,
2025202420252024
Shares issued and outstanding, beginning balance48,588,21449,710,39549,527,50650,664,471
Issuance of common stock from vested restricted stock units159,271161,229462,975491,217
Issuance of common stock from exercise of stock options———5,708
Issuance of common stock for employee stock purchase plan——89,88475,944
Repurchase of common stock(481,649)(201,197)(1,711,793)(1,455,515)
Awards effectively repurchased for required employee withholding taxes(55,136)(58,636)(157,872)(170,034)
Shares issued and outstanding, ending balance48,210,70049,611,79148,210,70049,611,791

Stock Repurchases

As of September 30, 2025, there was $129 million remaining in the total authorization of $2,715 million of our ongoing stock repurchase program.

Dividends

We paid common stock dividends of $0.25 per share in January 2025, and $0.275 per share in April and July 2025. We also declared common stock dividends of $0.275 per share paid in October 2025.

NOTE 8. INCOME TAXES

Our ETR was 32% and 23% for the third quarters of 2025 and 2024, and 28% and 25% for nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in the rate as compared to the same periods of 2024 was primarily attributable to decreases in tax benefits for stock based compensation, decreases in excludable income for state tax purposes, and decreases in tax credits.

We have capital loss carryforwards of $3 million as of December 31, 2024. As a result of the sale of our wholly owned subsidiary Clarus, we generated approximately $9 million of capital loss carryforwards totaling $12 million which will begin to expire in 2027. We have recorded an increase in the valuation allowance of $9 million to reflect the estimated amount of deferred tax assets that may not be realized related to these capital loss carryforwards.

We are subject to tax in U.S. federal and various state and local jurisdictions, as well as Canada and India. We are open to federal and significant state income tax examinations for tax years 2019 and subsequent years.

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NOTE 9. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic EPS is computed based on the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed based on those shares used in the basic EPS computation, plus potentially dilutive shares issuable under our equity-based compensation plans using the treasury stock method. Shares that are potentially anti-dilutive are excluded.

The following table presents the computation of our basic and diluted EPS attributable to our common stock:

Three Months EndedSeptember 30,Nine Months EndedSeptember 30,
(in millions, except per share data)2025202420252024
Net income$34$45$156$196
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding48504950
Basic EPS$0.70$0.90$3.20$3.91
Net income$34$45$156$196
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding48504950
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock units———1
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding48504951
Diluted EPS$0.70$0.89$3.19$3.87
Common stock equivalents excluded from income per diluted share because of their anti-dilutive effect2121

NOTE 10. RESTRUCTURING

During the fourth quarter of 2024, we completed a detailed review of our strategy and made several decisions that will narrow and intensify our focus on our U.S. PEO business. This will include winding down the software-only HRIS product as well as other immaterial products not directly related to our U.S. PEO business. In place of our software-only HRIS product, we will focus our ASO services to include both the software component, but also a significant service component similar to the types of services we provide to PEO clients.

In conjunction with this adjustment to our product offerings, we have implemented changes to our operating expense structure, including our staffing and office footprint.

As part of the restructuring initiatives, the Company incurred $2 million and $5 million of restructuring costs for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. These expenses are classified in G&A in our condensed consolidated statement of income and comprehensive income.

Severance costs include payments to colleagues, estimated reimbursements for COBRA payments and outplacement services. The following table is a summary of accrued severance and exit and disposal costs included within accounts payable and other current liabilities and accrued wages:

(in millions)Accounts payable and other current liabilitiesAccrued wages
Balance at December 31, 2024$114
(+) Additions—2
(-) Payments—(8)
Balance at September 30, 2025$1$8

We expect to make payments for these liabilities during 2025 and into 2026. We expect the restructuring efforts to continue through 2026 and may recognize additional expenses as they are incurred.

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NOTE 11. SEGMENT INFORMATION

We operate inone reportable segment. Our chief operating decision maker for segment reporting purposes is our CEO, who uses the profitability and significant expense detail to allocate resources and assess performance based on key functions such as customer acquisition, customer service, and indirect costs.

The primary measure of profit or loss that the CEO uses is net income. The significant expenses used in these profit or loss reports align with the primary functions of the corresponding teams, with the exception of non-cash expenses such as depreciation, amortization and stock-based compensation as these expenses are not necessarily indicative of our ongoing operations. In this expense reporting methodology, overhead-type expenses, such as facilities and technology support for colleagues, are classified consistent with the primary function of the corresponding teams and not allocated to other significant expenses.

The table below provides the primary measure of profitability and detail regarding the significant expenses reviewed by our CEO.

Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)20252024
Professional service revenues$550$584
Insurance service revenues3,1593,143
Interest income5349
Total revenues3,7623,776
Workers' compensation costs5739
Health insurance costs2,7752,733
Sales & marketing178192
Client support costs127139
Corporate administration115114
System support & development149140
Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets5056
Stock based compensation4853
Other (1)5—
Interest expense, bank fees and other4247
Income Taxes6067
Net Income156196

(1) Other includes certain costs that are considered non-recurring such as restructuring costs.

TRINET442025 Q3 FORM 10-Q
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