CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORP

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table presents selected consolidated financial data and performance metrics for the three-year period ended December 31, 2025, 2024 and 2023. We also provide selected key metrics we use in evaluating our performance, including certain metrics that are computed using non-GAAP measures. We consider these metrics to be key financial measures that management uses in assessing our operating performance, capital adequacy and the level of returns generated. We believe these non-GAAP metrics provide useful insight to investors and users of our financial information as they provide an alternate measurement of our performance and assist in assessing our capital adequacy and the level of return generated. These non-GAAP measures should not be viewed as a substitute for reported results determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP measures that may be presented by other companies.

Three-Year Summary of Selected Financial Data

(1)Tangible book value per common share is a non-GAAP measure calculated based on TCE divided by common shares outstanding. See “Supplemental Table—Table B—Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures” for additional information on non-GAAP measures.

(2)Common dividend payout ratio is calculated based on dividends per common share for the period divided by basic earnings per common share for the period.

(3)Global Payment Network volume includes transactions processed on the Discover Network, PULSE Network, Diners Club and Network Partners.

(4)Total net revenue margin is calculated based on total net revenue for the period divided by average interest-earning assets for the period.

(5)Return on average assets is calculated based on net income (loss) less income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax, for the period divided by average total assets for the period.

(6)Return on average tangible assets is a non-GAAP measure calculated based on net income (loss) less income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax, for the period divided by average tangible assets for the period. See “Supplemental Table—Table B—Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures” for additional information on non-GAAP measures.

(7)Return on average common equity is calculated based on net income (loss) available to common stockholders less income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax, for the period, divided by average common equity. Our calculation of return on average common equity may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures reported by other companies.

(8)Return on average tangible common equity is a non-GAAP measure calculated based on net income (loss) available to common stockholders less income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax, for the period, divided by average TCE. Our calculation of return on average TCE may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures reported by other companies. See “Supplemental Table—Table B—Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures” for additional information on non-GAAP measures.

(9)Equity-to-assets ratio is calculated based on average stockholders’ equity for the period divided by average total assets for the period.

(10)Efficiency ratio is calculated based on total non-interest expense for the period divided by total net revenue for the period.

(11)Operating efficiency ratio is calculated based on operating expense for the period divided by total net revenue for the period.

(12)Capital ratios are calculated based on the Basel III standardized approach framework. See “Capital Management” for additional information.

(13)TCE ratio is a non-GAAP measure calculated based on TCE divided by tangible assets. See “Supplemental Table—Table B—Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures” for the calculation of this measure and reconciliation to the comparative U.S. GAAP measure.