CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORP

Funding Sources

Our funding sources include deposits, senior and subordinated notes, securitized debt obligations, federal funds purchased, securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase and advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) secured by certain portions of our loan and securities portfolios. Insured deposits in our Consumer Banking business represent our primary source of funding, as they are a relatively stable and low cost source of funding.

Table 7 provides the composition of our primary sources of funding as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Table 7: Funding Sources Composition

(1)Includes brokered deposits of $20.7 billion and $11.6 billion as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Total deposits increased by $106.1 billion to $468.8 billion as of September 30, 2025 from December 31, 2024 primarily driven by the Transaction, which contributed $106.9 billion of deposits as of the Closing Date.

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we held $71.3 billion and $64.9 billion, respectively, of estimated uninsured deposits. These amounts were primarily comprised of checking and savings deposits. These estimated uninsured deposits comprised approximately 15% and 18% of our total deposits as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. We estimate our uninsured amounts based on methodologies and assumptions used for our “Consolidated Reports of Condition and Income” (Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (“FFIEC”) 031) filed with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve”), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), hereafter collectively referred to as the “Federal Banking Agencies,” adjusted to exclude

intercompany balances and cash collateral received on certain derivative contracts which are not presented within deposits on our consolidated balance sheet.

Securitized debt oblig ations decreased by $622 million to $13.6 billion asof September 30, 2025 from December 31, 2024 primarily driven by net maturities and paydowns.

Other debt increased by $6.6 billion to $37.8 billion as of September 30, 2025 from December 31, 2024 primarily driven by the Transaction, which contributed $7.5 billion of other debt as of the Closing Date.

We provide additional information on our funding sources in “Liquidity Risk Profile” and “Part I—Item 1. Financial Statements—Note 8—Deposits and Borrowings.”