CAPITAL ONE FINANCIAL CORP

Consumer Banking Business

The primary sources of revenue for our Consumer Banking business are net interest income from loans and deposits as well as service charges and customer-related fees. Expenses primarily consist of the provision for credit losses, operating costs and marketing expenses.

Our Consumer Banking business generated net income from continuing operations of $381 million and $716 million in the first quarters of 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Table 10 summarizes the financial results of our Consumer Banking business and displays selected key metrics for the periods indicated.

Table 10: Consumer Banking Business Results

(1)Average yield is calculated based on annualized interest income for the period divided by average loans during the period and does not include any allocations, such as funds transfer pricing.

(2)Nonperforming assets primarily consist of nonperforming loans and repossessed assets. The total nonperforming asset rate is calculated based on total nonperforming assets divided by the combined period-end total loans held for investment and repossessed assets.

Key factors affecting the results of our Consumer Banking business for the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023, and changes in financial condition and credit performance between March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 include the following:

•Net Interest Income: Net interest income decreased by $349 million to $2.0 billion in the first quarter of 2024 primarily driven by lower margins in our retail banking business and lower average loan balances in our auto business, partially offset by higher deposits in our retail banking business.

•Non-Interest Income: Non-interest income increased by $24 million to $159 million in the first quarter of 2024 primarily driven by higher interchange fees from an increase in debit card purchase volume.

•Provision for Credit Losses: Provision for credit losses increased by $151 million to $426 million in the first quarter of 2024 primarily driven by higher originations and net charge-offs in our auto loan portfolio.

•Non-Interest Expense: Non-interest expense remained substantially flat at $1.2 billion in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023.

•Period-end loans held for investment decreased by $338 million to $75.1 billion as of March 31, 2024 from December 31, 2023 primarily driven by customer payments outpacing new originations in our auto loan portfolio.

•Average loans held for investment decreased by $3.9 billion to $75.1 billion in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 primarily driven by customer payments outpacing new originations in our auto loan portfolio.

Deposits:

•Period-end deposits increased by $4.6 billion to $300.8 billion as of March 31, 2024 from December 31, 2023 primarily driven by continued growth in our Consumer Banking business from our national banking strategy.

Net Charge-Off and Delinquency Metrics:

•The net charge-off rate increased by 47 bps to 2.03% in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023 primarily driven by higher net charge-offs in our auto loan portfolio.

•The 30+ day delinquency rate decreased by 122 bps to 5.86% as of March 31, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023 primarily driven by seasonally lower auto delinquency inventories.