BORGWARNER INC

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE 1 BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of BorgWarner Inc. and Consolidated Subsidiaries (the “Company”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes necessary for a comprehensive presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flow activity required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of results have been included. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024. The balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and Footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and accompanying notes, as well as the amounts of revenues and expenses reported during the periods covered by those financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

On July 3, 2023, BorgWarner completed the previously announced spin-off (“Spin-Off”) of its Fuel Systems and Aftermarket segments in a transaction intended to qualify as tax free to the Company’s stockholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which was accomplished by the distribution of 100% of the outstanding common stock of PHINIA, Inc. (“PHINIA”) to holders of record of common stock of the Company on a pro-rata basis. Each holder of record of common stock of the Company received one share of PHINIA common stock for every five shares of common stock of the Company held on June 23, 2023, the record date for the distribution (“Distribution Date”). In lieu of fractional shares of PHINIA, stockholders of the Company received cash. PHINIA is an independent public company trading under the symbol “PHIN” on the New York Stock Exchange.

In connection with the Spin-Off, the Company entered into several agreements with PHINIA on or prior to the Distribution Date that, among other things, provide a framework for the Company’s relationship with PHINIA after the Spin-Off, including a separation and distribution agreement, an employee matters agreement, a tax matters agreement, an intellectual property cross-license agreement and a transition services agreement through which the Company and PHINIA will continue to provide certain services to each other following the Spin-Off. The Company expects performance under the transition services agreement to be substantially complete by June 30, 2024.

NOTE 2 NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” It requires incremental disclosures related to an entity’s reportable segments, including (i) significant segment expense categories and amounts for each reportable segment that are provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), (ii) an aggregate amount and description of other segment items included in each reported measure, (iii) all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets required by Topic 280 to be disclosed in interim periods, (iv) the title and position of the individual or the name of the group identified as the CODM and (v) an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measures of segment profit or loss to assess performance and allocate resources to the segment. The standard improves transparency by providing disaggregated expense information about an entity’s reportable segments. The standard does not change the definition of a segment, the method for determining segments or the criteria for aggregating operating segments into reportable segments. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the identification of its reportable segments or its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” It requires entities to disaggregate information related to the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The standard improves transparency by providing more detailed income tax disclosures that would be useful in making capital allocation decisions. This guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

NOTE 3 ACQUISITIONS

In accordance with ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations,” acquisitions are recorded using the acquisition method of accounting. The Company recognizes and measures the acquisition date fair value of the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest using a range of methodologies as indicated by generally accepted valuation practices. Various valuation techniques are used to determine the fair value of intangible assets, with the primary techniques being forms of the income approach, specifically the relief-from-royalty and multi-period excess earnings valuation methods. Under these valuation approaches, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions from a market participant perspective and may include revenue growth rates, estimated earnings, royalty rates, obsolescence factors, contributory asset charges, customer attrition and discount rates.

Due to the insignificant size of the 2024 and 2023 acquisitions, both individually and in the aggregate, relative to the Company, supplemental pro forma financial information for the current and prior reporting periods is not provided.

Eldor Corporation’s Electric Hybrid Systems Business

On December 1, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of the electric hybrid systems business segment of Eldor Corporation (“Eldor”), which is headquartered in Italy. The Company expects the acquisition to complement its existing ePropulsion product portfolio by enhancing the Company’s engineering capabilities in power electronics. The Company paid €72 million ($78 million) at closing and is obligated to remit up to €175 million ($191 million) of earn-out payments that could be paid over thetwo years following closing. The earn-out payments are contingent upon booked business for future periods from new customer awards. The Company’s current estimates indicate that the minimum threshold for the earn-out target will not be achieved; thus, no amount of the potential earn-out payments has been included in the purchase consideration or in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The purchase price was allocated on a preliminary basis as of December 1, 2023. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at estimated fair values based on management’s estimates, available information, and supportable assu mptions that management considered reasonable. Certain estimated values for the acquisition, including goodwill, tangible and intangible assets and deferred taxes, are not yet finalized, and the preliminary purchase price allocations are subject to change as the Company completes its analysis of the fair value at the date of acquisition. The final valuation of assets acquired and liabilities assumed may be materially different than the estimated values shown below.

The estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of December 1, 2023 were assets of $86 million, including goodwill and intangibles of $25 million, and liabilities of $8 million.

Any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net assets was recognized as goodwill. Goodwill of $14 million was recorded within the Company’s ePropulsion segment. Goodwill consists of the Company’s expected future economic benefits that will be realized from expanding the Company’s electric vehicle portfolio as electric vehicle production continues to increase. Goodwill is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes in Italy.

Identifiable intangible assets were valued using the market approach.

The impact of the Eldor acquisition on net sales and net earnings was immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Hubei Surpass Sun Electric Charging Business

On March 1, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of 100% of the electric vehicle solution, smart grid and smart energy businesses (“SSE”) of Hubei Surpass Sun Electric, pursuant to an Equity Transfer Agreement. The acquisition complements the Company’s existing European and North American charging footprint by adding a presence in China. The total consideration was ¥288 million ($42 million), including ¥268 million ($39 million) of base purchase price and ¥20 million ($3 million) of estimated earn-out payments. The Company paid ¥217 million ($31 million) of base purchase price in the year ended December 31, 2023. Of the remaining ¥51 million ($8 million) of base purchase price, ¥31 million ($5 million) is payable by July 31, 2024 and is recorded in Other current liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2024. The remaining ¥20 million ($3 million) of base purchase price is payable before April 30, 2025 and is recorded in Other non-current liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2024. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company’s obligation to remit up to ¥103 million ($15 million) of earn-out payments is contingent upon the achievement of certain revenue and pre-tax profit margin targets in 2023 and 2024 as well as the retention of key employees during the same time period. As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s estimate of the earn-out payments was approximately ¥20 million ($3 million), of which half is recorded in Other current liabilities and half is recorded in Other non-current liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The Company finalized its valuation of the assets and liabilities of the SSE acquisition during the third quarter of 2023. Any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net assets was recognized as goodwill. Goodwill of $2 million was recorded within the Company’s Air Management segment. Goodwill consists of the Company’s expected future economic benefits that will be realized from expanding the Company’s electric vehicle portfolio as electric vehicle production continues to increase. Goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes in China.

The following table summarizes the other intangible assets acquired:

The impact of the SSE acquisition on net sales and net earnings was immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Drivetek AG

On December 1, 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of 100% of Drivetek AG (“Drivetek”), an engineering and product development company located in Switzerland. This acquisition strengthens the Company’s power electronics capabilities in auxiliary inverters, which the Company expects will help to accelerate the growth of its High Voltage eFan business. The Company paid ₣27 million ($29 million) at closing, and up to ₣10 million ($10 million) could be paid in the form of contingent earn-out payments over thethree years following closing. The earn-out payments are contingent upon achievement of estimated future sales targets associated with newly awarded business and future turnover rate targets. As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s estimate of the earn-out payments was approximately ₣10 million ($11 million), which is recorded in Other non-current liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The impact of the Drivetek acquisition on net sales and net earnings was immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Rhombus Energy Solutions

On July 29, 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of 100% of Rhombus Energy Solutions (“Rhombus”), a provider of charging solutions in the North American market, pursuant to the terms of an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Agreement”). The acquisition complements the Company’s existing European charging footprint to accelerate organic growth and adds North American regional presence to its charging business.

The Company paid $131 million at closing. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Company is obligated to remit up to $30 million of earn-out payments, payable in 2025, contingent upon achievement of certain sales dollars, sales volume, and gross margin targets. The Company’s current estimates indicate that the minimum thresholds for these earn-out targets will not be achieved; thus, no amount for the earn-out payments has been included in the purchase consideration or in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Additionally, pursuant to the Agreement, the Company is obligated to remit up to $25 million over thethree years following closing in key employee retention-related payments, which include certain performance targets. The amounts are being accounted for as post-combination expense.

The impact of the Rhombus acquisition on net sales and net earnings was immaterial for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Santroll Automotive Components

On March 31, 2022, the Company completed its acquisition of 100% of Santroll Automotive Components (“Santroll”), a carve-out of Santroll Electric Auto’s eMotor business, pursuant to the terms of an Equity Transfer Agreement (“ETA”). The acquisition is expected to strengthen the Company’s vertical integration, scale and portfolio breadth in light vehicle eMotors while allowing for increased speed to market.

The total final consideration was $192 million, including approximately ¥1.0 billion ($152 million) of base purchase price and ¥0.25 billion ($40 million) of originally estimated earn-out payments. The Company paid approximately ¥1.0 billion ($157 million) of base purchase price in the year ended December 31, 2022 and no longer expects to recapture a previously anticipated $5 million of post-closing adjustments, which was recorded in Other operating expense, net during the three months ended March 31, 2023. Pursuant to the ETA, the obligation of the Company to remit up to ¥0.3 billion (approximately $47 million) of earn-out payments was contingent upon achievement of certain sales volume targets and certain estimated future volume targets associated with newly awarded business. During the second quarter of 2023, the Company paid approximately ¥0.2 billion ($24 million) to settle the remaining earn-out liability and related adjustments.

NOTE 4 REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company manufactures and sells products, primarily to OEMs of light vehicles and, to a lesser extent, to other OEMs of commercial vehicles and off-highway vehicles, to certain tier one vehicle systems suppliers and into the aftermarket. The Company’s payment terms are based on customary business practices and vary by customer type and products offered. The Company evaluated the terms of its arrangements and determined that they do not contain significant financing components.

Generally, revenue is recognized upon shipment or delivery; however, a limited number of the Company’s customer arrangements for its highly customized products with no alternative use provide the Company with the right to payment during the production process. As a result, for these limited arrangements, revenue is recognized as goods are produced and control transfers to the customer using the input cost-to-cost method. The Company recorded a contract asset of $16 million and $18 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, for these arrangements. These amounts are reflected in Prepayments and other current assets in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

In limited instances, certain customers have provided payments in advance of receiving related products, typically at the onset of an arrangement prior to the beginning of production. These contract liabilities are reflected as Other current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and were $17 million at March 31, 2024 and $18 million at December 31, 2023. These amounts are reflected as revenue over the term of the arrangement (typically 3 to 7 years) as the underlying products are shipped and represent the Company’s remaining performance obligations as of the end of the period.

The Company continually seeks business development opportunities and, at times, provides customer incentives for new program awards. When the Company determines that the payments are incremental and incurred only if the new business is obtained and expects to recover these amounts from the customer over the term of the new business arrangement, the Company capitalizes these amounts. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company recorded customer incentive payments of $26 million and $27 million, respectively, in Prepayments and other current assets, and $47 million and $58 million, respectively, in Other non-current assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company’s products can be disaggregated by two types: eProducts and Foundational products. eProducts include all products utilized on or for electric vehicles (“EVs”) plus those same products and components that are included in hybrid powertrains whose underlying technologies are adaptable or applicable to those used in or for EVs. Foundational products include all products utilized on internal combustion engines plus those same products and components that are also included in hybrid powertrains. The following table represents a disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by Foundational products and eProducts for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

The following tables represent a disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by reportable segment and region. Refer to Note 22, “Reportable Segments,” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

NOTE 5 RESTRUCTURING

The Company’s restructuring activities are undertaken, as necessary, to execute management’s strategy and streamline operations, consolidate and take advantage of available capacity and resources, and ultimately achieve net cost reductions. Restructuring activities include efforts to integrate and rationalize the Company’s business and to relocate operations to best-cost locations.

The Company’s restructuring expenses consist primarily of employee termination benefits (principally severance and/or termination benefits) and other costs, which are primarily professional fees and costs related to facility closures and exits.

The following tables display the Company’s restructuring expense by reportable segment:

The following tables display a roll forward of the restructuring liability recorded within the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the related cash flow activity:

2023 Structural Costs Plan In 2023, the Company announced a $130 million to $150 million restructuring plan to address structural costs primarily in its Foundational products businesses. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded $19 million and $3 million, respectively, of restructuring costs related to this plan. Cumulatively, the Company has incurred $98 million of restructuring charges related to this plan.

The following provides details of restructuring expense incurred by the Company’s reportable segments during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, related to the plan discussed above:

Air Management

•During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the segment recorded $9 million of restructuring costs under this plan. This primarily related to $6 million employee termination benefits for programs in Europe, China and the U.S.

•During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the segment recorded $3 million of restructuring costs under this plan. This primarily related to $2 million for a voluntary termination program.

Drivetrain & Battery Systems

•During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the segment recorded $7 million of restructuring costs under this plan, primarily related to employee termination benefits for a program in Europe.

ePropulsion

•During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the segment recorded $3 million of restructuring costs under this plan, primarily related to contract cancellations and equipment relocation costs.

Estimates of restructuring expense are based on information available at the time such charges are recorded. Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in estimating restructuring expenses, actual amounts paid for such activities may differ from amounts initially recorded. Accordingly, the Company may record revisions of previous estimates by adjusting previously established accruals.

The Company continues to evaluate different options across its operations to reduce existing structural costs over the next few years. The Company will recognize restructuring expense associated with any future actions at the time they are approved and become probable or are incurred. Any future actions could result in significant restructuring expense.

NOTE 6 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS

The Company’s net Research & Development (“R&D”) expenditures are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Customer reimbursements are netted against gross R&D expenditures as they are considered a recovery of cost. Customer reimbursements for prototypes are recorded net of prototype costs based on customer contracts, typically either when the prototype is shipped or when it is accepted by the customer. Customer reimbursements for engineering services are recorded when performance obligations are satisfied in accordance with the contract. Financial risks and rewards transfer upon shipment, acceptance of a prototype component by the customer or upon completion of the performance obligation, as stated in the respective customer agreement. The Company has contracts with several customers relating to R&D activities that the Company performs at the Company’s various R&D locations.

The following table presents the Company’s gross and net expenditures on R&D activities:

NOTE 7 OTHER OPERATING EXPENSE, NET

Items included in Other operating expense, net consist of:

Merger and acquisition expense, net: During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company recorded merger and acquisition expense, net of $2 million and $8 million, respectively, primarily related to professional fees associated with specific acquisition initiatives.

NOTE 8 INCOME TAXES

The Company’s provision for income taxes is based upon an estimated annual tax rate for the year applied to federal, state and foreign income. On a quarterly basis, the annual effective tax rate is adjusted, as appropriate, based upon changed facts and circumstances, if any, as compared to those forecasted at the beginning of the fiscal year and each interim period thereafter.

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was 21% and 27%, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a discrete tax benefit of $1 million was recorded related to various changes in filing positions for prior years. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, a discrete tax benefit of $13 million was recorded related to the resolution of tax audits, and a $10 million discrete tax expense was recorded for the impact of enacted tax law changes.

The annual effective tax rates differ from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to foreign rates that vary from those in the U.S., jurisdictions with pretax losses for which no tax benefit could be realized, U.S. taxes on foreign earnings, the realization of certain business tax credits (including foreign tax credits), and permanent differences between book and tax treatment for certain items (including the Foreign-Derived Intangible Income (“FDII”) deduction and the enhanced deduction of research and development expenses in certain jurisdictions).

The Company estimates that it is reasonably possible there could be a decrease of approximately $113 million in unrecognized tax benefits and interest in the next 12 months related to the conclusion of tax audits and the lapse of statutes of limitations subsequent to the reporting period in certain taxing jurisdictions.

NOTE 9 INVENTORIES, NET

A summary of Inventories, net is presented below:

NOTE 10 OTHER ASSETS

Additional detail related to assets is presented below:

NOTE 11 GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES

During the fourth quarter of each year, the Company assesses its goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets assigned to each of its reporting units. In addition, the Company may test goodwill in between annual test dates if an event occurs or circumstances change that could more-likely-than-not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value.

During the first quarter of 2024, the Company reduced the outlook of its ePropulsion business in response to volatility in actual and expected customer production schedules. This was viewed as a triggering event, and as a result, the Company performed an interim quantitative analysis of the fair value of the ePropulsion reporting unit. The estimated fair value was determined using a combined income and market approach, consistent with the Company’s analysis performed during the fourth quarter of 2023. The most critical assumptions used in the calculation of the fair value of the ePropulsion reporting unit were projected revenue growth rates, projected operating income margin, and discount rates. Additionally, as of March 31, 2024, the carrying value of the ePropulsion reporting unit was higher than the carrying value used in the most recent quantitative analysis in 2023 due to capital investments made in the business.

Based on this interim impairment test, the ePropulsion reporting unit had an estimated fair value that exceeded its carrying value, including goodwill, by approximately 5%, resulting in no impairment.

The fair value of the ePropulsion reporting unit’s goodwill is sensitive to differences between estimated and actual cash flows, including changes in the projected revenue, projected operating margin and discount rate used to evaluate the fair value of these assets and market multiples assumptions applied by the Company. Future changes in the judgments, assumptions and estimates from those used in valuations and goodwill impairment testing, including discount rates or future operating results and related cash flow projections, could result in significantly different estimates of the fair values in the future. An increase in discount rates, a reduction in projected cash flows or a combination of the two could lead to a reduction in the estimated fair values, which may result in impairment charges that could materially affect the Company’s financial statements in any given year.

No events or circumstances were noted related to the Company’s other reporting units in the three months ended March 31, 2024 that required additional assessment or testing.

A summary of the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:

The Company’s other intangible assets, primarily from acquisitions, consist of the following:

NOTE 12 PRODUCT WARRANTY

The Company provides warranties on some, but not all, of its products. The warranty terms are typically fromone tothree years. Provisions for estimated expenses related to product warranty are made at the time products are sold. These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claim settlements, as well as product manufacturing and industry developments and recoveries from third parties. Management actively studies trends of warranty claims and takes action to improve product quality and minimize warranty claims. Management believes that the warranty accrual is appropriate; however, actual claims incurred could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual. The product warranty accrual is allocated to current and non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table summarizes the activity in the product warranty accrual accounts:

The product warranty liability is classified in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

NOTE 13 DEBT

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had debt outstanding as follows:

1 These notes include the fair value step up of $21 million and $24 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, related to the Delphi Technologies acquisition in 2020. The fair value step up was calculated based on observable market data and is amortized as a reduction to interest expense over the remaining life of the instrument using the effective interest method.

The Company may utilize uncommitted lines of credit for short-term working capital requirements. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $58 million and $70 million, respectively, in borrowings under these facilities, which are classified in Short-term debt in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The short-term borrowings primarily relate to a European money market loan with an interest rate of Euribor plus 1.75% that is callable upon immediate notice by either party.

The following table provides details on Interest expense, net included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

The Company has a $2 billion multi-currency revolving credit facility that allows the Company to increase the facility by $1 billion with bank group approval. This facility matures in September 2028. The credit agreement contains customary events of default and one key financial covenant which is a debt-to-EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization) ratio. The Company was in compliance with the financial covenant at March 31, 2024. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company hadno outstanding borrowings under this facility.

The Company’s commercial paper program allows the Company to issue up to $2 billion of short-term, unsecured commercial paper notes under the limits of its multi-currency revolving credit facility. Under this program, the Company may issue notes from time to time and use the proceeds for general corporate purposes. The Company hadno outstanding borrowings under this program as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The total current combined borrowing capacity under the multi-currency revolving credit facility and commercial paper program cannot exceed $2 billion.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the estimated fair values of the Company’s senior unsecured notes totaled $3,284 million and $3,304 million, respectively. The estimated fair values were $347 million lower than their carrying value at March 31, 2024 and $353 million lower than their carrying value at December 31, 2023. Fair market values of the senior unsecured notes are developed using observable values for similar debt instruments, which are considered Level 2 inputs as defined by ASC Topic 820. The carrying values of the Company's multi-currency revolving credit facility, commercial paper program and other debt facilities approximate fair value. The fair value estimates do not necessarily reflect the values the Company could realize in the current markets.

The Company had outstanding letters of credit of $30 million and $37 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The letters of credit typically act as guarantees of payment to certain third parties in accordance with specified terms and conditions.

NOTE 14 OTHER LIABILITIES

Additional detail related to liabilities is presented in the table below:

NOTE 15 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

ASC Topic 820 emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement. Therefore, a fair value measurement should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, ASC Topic 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair values as follows:

Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;

Level 2: Inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly; and

Level 3: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on one or more of the following three valuation techniques noted in ASC Topic 820:

A. Market approach: Prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets, liabilities or a group of assets or liabilities, such as a business.

B. Cost approach: Amount that would be required to replace the service capacity of an asset (replacement cost).

C. Income approach: Techniques to convert future amounts to a single present amount based upon market expectations (including present value techniques, option-pricing and excess earnings models).

The following tables classify assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

1 Certain assets that are measured at fair value using the net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. These amounts represent investments in commingled and managed funds that have underlying assets in fixed income securities, equity securities, and other assets and the fair values have been estimated using the net asset value of the Company's ownership interest in partners' capital. The Company’s redemption of its investments with the funds is governed by the partnership agreements and subject to approval from the general partners. With the exception of annual distributions in connection with the Company’s deemed tax liability, distributions from each fund will be received as the underlying investments of the funds are liquidated, the timing of which is unknown.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the Company’s Level 3 earn-out assets and liabilities:

Refer to Note 3, “Acquisitions,” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statementsin Item 1 for more detail regarding earn-outs.

NOTE 16 FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities and accounts receivable. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, their book value approximates their fair value. The Company’s financial instruments may also include long-term debt, investments in equity securities, interest rate and cross-currency swaps, commodity derivative contracts and foreign currency derivative contracts. All derivative contracts are placed with counterparties that have an S&P, or equivalent, investment grade credit rating at the time of the contracts’ placement. An adjustment for non-performance risk is considered in the estimate of fair value in derivative assets based on the counterparty credit default swap (“CDS”) rate. When the Company is in a net derivative liability position, the non- performance risk adjustment is based on its CDS rate. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had no derivative contracts that contained credit-risk-related contingent features.

Cash Flow Hedges

The Company, at times, uses certain commodity derivative contracts to protect against commodity price changes related to forecasted raw material and component purchases. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had no material commodity derivative contracts.

The Company manages its interest rate risk by balancing its exposure to fixed and variable rates while attempting to optimize its interest costs. The Company, at times, selectively uses interest rate swaps and options to reduce market value risk associated with changes in interest rates. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had no outstanding interest rate swaps or options.

The Company uses foreign currency forward and option contracts to protect against exchange rate movements for forecasted cash flows, including capital expenditures, purchases, operating expenses or sales transactions designated in currencies other than the functional currency of the operating unit. Foreign currency derivative contracts require the Company, at a future date, to either buy or sell foreign currency in exchange for the operating units’ local currency.

Effectiveness for cash flow hedges is assessed at the inception of the hedging relationship and quarterly, thereafter. Gains and losses arising from these contracts that are included in the assessment of effectiveness are deferred into accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) and reclassified into income as the underlying operating transactions are recognized. These realized gains or losses offset the hedged transaction and are recorded on the same line in the statement of operations. The initial value of any component excluded from the assessment of effectiveness is recognized in income using a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument. Any difference between the change in fair value of the excluded component and amounts recognized in income under that systematic and rational method is recognized in AOCI.

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the following foreign currency derivative contracts were outstanding and mature through the ending duration noted below:

Net Investment Hedges

In addition, the Company is also exposed to the risk that adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates could impact its net investment in non-U.S. subsidiaries.

The Company selectively uses cross-currency swaps to hedge that foreign currency exposure. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the following cross-currency swap contracts were outstanding:

In addition, the Company has designated the €1,000 million 1.000% Senior Notes due May 19, 2031, as a net investment hedge of the foreign currency exposure of its investments in certain Euro-denominated subsidiaries. Refer to Note 13 - “Debt” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report for more information.

Effectiveness for net investment hedges is assessed at the inception of the hedging relationship and quarterly, thereafter. Gains and losses arising from these contracts that are included in the assessment of effectiveness are deferred into foreign currency translation adjustments and only released when the subsidiary being hedged is sold or substantially liquidated. The initial value of any component excluded from the assessment of effectiveness is recognized in income using a systematic and rational method over the life of the hedging instrument. Any difference between the change in fair value of the excluded component and amounts recognized in income under that systematic and rational method is recognized in AOCI.

Fair Value of Derivative Instruments in the Balance Sheet

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the following amounts were recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as being payable to or receivable from counterparties for derivative instruments under ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”:

Effect of Derivatives on the Statements of Operations and Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The table below shows deferred gains (losses) reported in AOCI as well as the amount expected to be reclassified to income in one year or less for designated net investment hedges. The amount expected to be reclassified to income in one year or less assumes no change in the current relationship of the hedged item at March 31, 2024 market rates.

Derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments as defined by ASC Topic 815 held during the period resulted in the following gains and losses recorded in income:

The gains or losses recorded in income related to components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness for derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges were immaterial for the periods presented.

Gains and losses on derivative instruments designated as net investment hedges were recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) during the periods presented below.

Derivatives designated as net investment hedge instruments, as defined by ASC Topic 815, held during the period resulted in the following gains recorded in Interest expense on components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness:

There were no gains or losses recorded in income related to components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness for foreign currency-denominated debt designated as net investment hedges. There were no gains and losses reclassified from AOCI for net investment hedges during the periods presented.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments are used to hedge remeasurement exposures of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the operating units’ functional currency. These derivatives resulted in the following gains (losses) recorded in income:

NOTE 17 RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

The Company has a number of defined benefit pension plans and other postemployment benefit plans covering eligible salaried and hourly employees and their dependents. The estimated contributions to the Company’s defined benefit pension plans for 2024 range from $20 million to $30 million, of which

$4 million has been contributed through the three months ended March 31, 2024. The other postemployment benefit plans, which provide medical and life insurance benefits, are funded on a pay-as-you-go basis.

The components of net periodic benefit expense recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations are as follows:

The components of net periodic benefit expense other than the service cost component are included in Other postretirement expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 18 STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

The changes of the Stockholders’ Equity items during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, are as follows:

• Per share dividends amount declared relate to BorgWarner common stock.

NOTE 19 ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The following tables summarize the activity within accumulated other comprehensive loss during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

NOTE 20 CONTINGENCIES

In the normal course of business, the Company is party to various commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints, including matters involving warranty claims, intellectual property claims, governmental investigations and related proceedings, general liability and other risks. It is not possible to predict with certainty whether or not the Company will ultimately be successful in any of these commercial and legal matters or, if not, what the impact might be. The Company’s management does not believe that adverse outcomes in any of these commercial and legal claims, actions and complaints are reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows. An adverse outcome could, nonetheless, be material to the results of operations or cash flows as the ultimate resolutions of these matters are inherently unpredictable.

Environmental

The Company and certain of its current and former direct and indirect corporate predecessors, subsidiaries and divisions have been identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and certain state environmental agencies and private parties as potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”) at various hazardous waste disposal sites under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“Superfund”) and equivalent state laws and, as such, may be presently liable for the cost of clean-up and other remedial activities at 17 such sites as of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Responsibility for clean-up and other remedial activities at a Superfund site is typically shared among PRPs based on an allocation formula.

The Company believes that none of these matters, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows. Generally, this is because either the estimates of the maximum potential liability at a site are not material or the liability will be shared with other PRPs, although no assurance can be given with respect to the ultimate outcome of any such matter.

The Company had an accrual for environmental liabilities of $5 million and $6 million as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, included in Other current and Other non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of March 31, 2024, this accrual, which relates tosix of the sites, is based on information available to the Company (which, in most cases, includes an estimate of allocation of liability among PRPs; the probability that other PRPs, many of which are large, solvent public companies, will fully pay the cost apportioned to them; currently available information from PRPs and/or federal or state environmental agencies concerning the scope of contamination and estimated remediation and consulting costs; and remediation alternatives). Clean-up and other remedial activities are complete or nearing completion at the other 11 sites, for which there was no accrual as of March 31, 2024.

NOTE 21 EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company presents both basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock (“EPS”) amounts. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. by the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net earnings attributable to BorgWarner Inc. by the weighted average shares of common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding during the reporting period.

The dilutive impact of stock-based compensation is calculated using the treasury stock method. The treasury stock method assumes that the Company uses the assumed proceeds from the exercise of awards to repurchase common stock at the average market price during the period. The assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method include the purchase price that the grantee will pay in the future and compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized. The dilutive effects of performance-based stock awards are included in the computation of diluted earnings per share at the level the related performance criteria are met through the respective balance sheet date. There were 1.2 million and 0.5 million performance share units excluded from the computation of the diluted earnings for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These units were excluded because the related performance criteria had not been met as of the balance sheet dates.

The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock:

NOTE 22 REPORTABLE SEGMENTS

The Company’s business is aggregated into three reportable segments: Air Management, Drivetrain & Battery Systems, and ePropulsion. These segments are strategic business groups that are managed separately as each represents a specific grouping of related automotive components and systems.

Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) is the measure of segment income or loss used by the Company. Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) is comprised of operating income for the Company’s reportable segments adjusted for restructuring, merger, acquisition and divestiture expense, intangible asset amortization expense, impairment charges and other items not reflective of ongoing operating income or loss. The Company believes Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) is most reflective of the operational profitability or loss of our reportable segments.

The following tables show segment information and Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) for the Company’s reportable segments:

Net Sales by Reportable Segment

Segment Adjusted Operating Income (Loss)

NOTE 23 OPERATING CASH FLOWS AND OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION

NOTE 24 DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

The historical results of operations of PHINIA for periods prior to the Spin-Off are presented as discontinued operations in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The following table summarizes the financial results from discontinued operations of PHINIA.

In connection with the Spin-Off, the Company entered into a transition services agreement through which the Company and PHINIA will continue to provide certain services to each other following the Spin-Off. These services are related to information technology, human resources, finance, facilities, procurement, sales, intellectual property and engineering. The combined impact of these services is reported in results of continuing operations in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company provided services at a cost of $4 million to PHINIA, and PHINIA provided services at a cost of $1 million to the Company.

The Company incurred $10 million and $19 million of costs relating to the Spin-Off during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which are reflected within Net (loss) earnings from discontinued operations in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Spin-Off costs are primarily comprised of professional fees and costs to separate certain operational activities.