Chubb Ltd

Consolidated Operating Results – Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

(1)On a constant-dollar basis. Amounts are calculated by translating prior period results using the same local currency exchange rates as the comparable current period.

Financial Highlights for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

•Net income attributable to Chubb was $2.3 billion compared with $2.0 billion in the prior year period. Net income in the current quarter was driven by strong underwriting results and record net investment income.

•Consolidated net premiums written were $13.8 billion, up 5.5 percent, or 6.6 percent in constant dollars. P&C net premiums written increased 5.4 percent, or 6.1 percent in constant dollars, with commercial insurance up 5.1 percent and consumer insurance up 9.4 percent. Life Insurance segment net premiums written increased 6.8 percent, or 10.6 percent in constant dollars.

•Pre-tax net investment income was a record $1.5 billion compared with $1.3 billion in the prior year period, primarily due to strong operating cash flow at higher reinvestment rates on fixed maturities.

•Consolidated net premiums earned were $13.4 billion, up 5.5 percent, or 6.7 percent in constant dollars.

•Total pre-tax and after-tax catastrophe losses, net of reinsurance and including reinstatement premiums, were $765 million (6.4 percentage points of the P&C combined ratio) and $629 million, respectively, compared with $670 million (6.0 percentage points of the P&C combined ratio) and $544 million, respectively, in the prior year period.

•Total pre-tax and after-tax favorable prior period development were $244 million and $181 million, respectively, compared with $200 million and $116 million, respectively, in the prior year period.

•The P&C combined ratio was 87.7 percent compared with 88.4 percent in the prior year period. The P&C current accident year (CAY) combined ratio excluding catastrophe losses was 83.4 percent compared with 84.3 percent in the prior year period.

•Operating cash flow was $4.3 billion compared with $4.7 billion in the prior year period.

•Chubb shareholders' equity increased $4.7 billion in the quarter, primarily from net income attributable to Chubb of $2.3 billion and net unrealized gains on our investment portfolio of $3.3 billion, reflecting the mark-to-market impact of lower interest rates on the fixed-income portfolio, partially offset by total capital returned to shareholders of $782 million. Total capital returned to shareholders comprises share repurchases of $413 million at an average purchase price of $286.18 per share, and dividends of $369 million.

(1)Commercial multiple peril represents retail package business (property and general liability).

The increase in consolidated net premiums written for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, reflects growth across most product lines driven by strong premium retention, including rate and exposure increases, and strong new business.

•Property and other short-tail lines grew globally due to strong new business and retention, including both rate and exposure increases.

•Commercial casualty grew globally due to strong retention, including both rate and exposure increases, and strong new business.

•Financial lines declined due to lower renewal retention, including lower rates, due to a competitive market environment.

•Workers' compensation grew slightly for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, due to new business and retention.

•Commercial multiple peril grew due to strong new business and retention, including higher rates and exposure, in North America.

•Surety grew due to strong new business.

•Agriculture declined primarily due to lower commodity prices in the current year, partially offset by strong new business and rate in our Agriculture P&C business.

•Personal lines grew globally due to new business and renewal retention, as well as increases in both rate and exposure, in homeowners and excess lines, in addition to growth in auto lines in certain international markets. Growth for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, also benefited from the consolidation of Huatai.

•Global A&H – P&C grew in Europe and Asia, with Asia partially benefiting from the consolidation of Huatai for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

•Reinsurance lines reflected continued growth, mainly in property and casualty lines. Growth for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, included a large one-off structured transaction from the second quarter.

•Life Insurance grew primarily due to strong growth in Asia and Combined Insurance North America. Growth for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, is also due to the consolidation of Huatai Group's life business, which contributed 12.6 percentage points of growth.

For additional information on net premiums written, refer to the segment results discussions.

Net Premiums Earned

Net premiums earned for short-duration contracts, typically P&C contracts, generally reflect the portion of net premiums written that was recorded as revenues for the period as the exposure periods expire. Net premiums earned for long-duration contracts, typically traditional life contracts, generally are recognized as earned when due from policyholders. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, net premiums earned increased $699 million, up 5.5 percent, or 6.7 percent in constant dollars. P&C net premiums earned increased 5.4 percent, or 6.3 percent in constant dollars, comprising growth in commercial insurance and consumer insurance of 5.5 percent and 8.7 percent, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, net premiums earned increased $3.4 billion, up 10.2 percent, or 10.9 percent in constant dollars. P&C net premiums earned increased 9.0 percent, or 9.4 percent in constant dollars, comprising growth in commercial insurance and consumer insurance of 8.3 percent and 12.5 percent, respectively.

Catastrophe Losses and Prior Period Development

We generally define catastrophe loss events consistent with the definition of the Property Claims Service (PCS) for events in the U.S. and Canada. PCS defines a catastrophe as an event that causes damage of $25 million or more in insured losses and affects a significant number of insureds. For events outside of the U.S. and Canada, we generally use a similar definition. Catastrophe losses are net of reinsurance and include reinstatement premiums, which are additional premiums paid on certain reinsurance agreements in order to reinstate coverage that had been exhausted by loss occurrences. The reinstatement premium amount is typically a pro rata portion of the original ceded premium paid based on how much of the reinsurance limit had been exhausted.

Prior period development (PPD) arises from changes to loss estimates recognized in the current year that relate to loss events that occurred in previous calendar years and excludes the effect of losses from the development of earned premium from previous accident years. PPD includes adjustments relating to either profit commission reserves or policyholder dividend reserves based on actual claim experience that develops after the policy period ends. The expense adjustments correlate to the prior period loss development on these same policies. Refer to the Non-GAAP Reconciliation section for further information on reinstatement premiums on catastrophe losses and adjustments to prior period development.

•2024: Severe weather-related events in the U.S. and internationally, including Hurricane Helene and Rio Grande storms.

•2023: Severe weather-related events in the U.S. and internationally, Hawaii wildfires, and New Zealand storms.

Pre-tax net favorable PPD for the three months ended September 30, 2024, was $299 million in our active companies, including adverse development of $59 million in long-tail lines, principally casualty, and favorable development of $358 million in short-tail lines, principally in property and marine. Our corporate run-off portfolio had adverse development of $55 million, with $47 million related to legacy environmental exposures.

Pre-tax net favorable PPD for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $800 million in our active companies, including adverse development of $53 million in long-tail lines, principally in casualty, and favorable development of $853 million in short-tail lines, principally in property and marine. Our corporate run-off portfolio had adverse development of $157 million, with $60 million related to molestation claims and $47 million related to legacy environmental exposures.

Pre-tax net favorable PPD for the three months ended September 30, 2023, was $200 million, including adverse development of $116 million in long-tail lines, with $50 million related to legacy environmental exposures. Net favorable development of $316 million in short-tail lines is primarily in property.

Pre-tax net favorable PPD for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, was $596 million, including adverse development of $50 million related to legacy environmental exposures and $49 million for molestation claims. Excluding the adverse development, we had net favorable development of $695 million with $36 million in long-tail lines, principally from accident years 2013 through 2019, and $659 million in short-tail lines, primarily in property, A&H, and surety.

Refer to the prior period development discussion in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

P&C Combined Ratio

In evaluating our segments, excluding Life Insurance financial performance, we use the P&C combined ratio, the loss and loss expense ratio, the policy acquisition cost ratio, and the administrative expense ratio. We calculate these ratios by dividing the respective expense amounts by net premiums earned. We do not calculate these ratios for the Life Insurance segment as we do not use these measures to monitor or manage the business in that segment. The P&C combined ratio is determined by adding the loss and loss expense ratio, the policy acquisition cost ratio, and the administrative expense ratio. A P&C combined ratio under 100 percent indicates underwriting income, and a combined ratio exceeding 100 percent indicates underwriting loss.

The P&C combined ratio and the P&C CAY combined ratio excluding catastrophe losses decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2024, reflecting the favorable impact of higher net premiums earned, a higher percentage of net premiums earned from property lines and excess and surplus homeowners, and the contemplation of a higher underwriting gain in MPCI for the current crop year. These factors were partially offset by price changes not keeping pace with loss trends in financial lines. The P&C combined ratio also reflects higher catastrophe losses, which were partially offset by higher favorable prior period development.

The P&C combined ratio was relatively flat for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as the favorable factors mentioned above were substantially offset by higher loss trends in certain casualty lines, price changes not keeping pace with loss trends in financial lines, and higher catastrophe losses.

The P&C CAY combined ratio excluding catastrophe losses decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, reflecting the favorable factors mentioned above.

Policy benefits

Policy benefits represent losses on contracts classified as long-duration and generally include accident and supplemental health products, term and whole life products, endowment products, and annuities. Policy benefits include (gains) losses from fair value changes in separate account liabilities that do not qualify for separate account treatment under U.S. GAAP. The offsetting movements of these liabilities are recorded in Other (income) expense in the Consolidated statements of operations. In addition, Policy benefits include the impact on the liabilities from (gains) losses on investment portfolios supporting certain participating policies. The offsetting movements of these liabilities are recorded in Realized gains (losses) in the Consolidated statements of operations. Policy benefits include the results of Huatai Group as of July 1, 2023. Refer to the Life Insurance segment operating results section for further discussion.

Policy benefits were $1,099 million and $938 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $3,498 million and $2,565 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The increase in Policy benefits for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, is primarily due to the consolidation of Huatai Group.

Refer to the respective sections that follow for a discussion of Net investment income, Other (income) expense, Net realized gains (losses), Interest expense, Amortization of purchased intangibles, and Income tax expense.