FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORP

1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation ("Farmer Mac") and its subsidiaries have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present a fair statement of the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows of Farmer Mac and its subsidiaries for the interim periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements have been omitted as permitted by SEC rules and regulations. The December 31, 2025 consolidated balance sheet presented in this report has been sourced from Farmer Mac's audited 2025 consolidated financial statements. Management believes that the disclosures are adequate to present fairly the consolidated financial statements as of the dates and for the periods presented. These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2025 consolidated financial statements of Farmer Mac and its subsidiaries included in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as filed with the SEC on February 19, 2026. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those that may be expected for the fiscal year. Presented below are Farmer Mac's significant accounting policies that contain updated information for the nine months ended September 30, 2026.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Farmer Mac and itstwo subsidiaries: (1) Farmer Mac Mortgage Securities Corporation, whose principal activities are to facilitate the purchase and issuance of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities; and (2) Farmer Mac II LLC, which operated substantially all of the business related to the USDA Securities included in the Agricultural Finance line of business from 2010 through 2023 and continues to hold a "run-off" portfolio of USDA Securities. The consolidated financial statements also include the accounts of Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs") in which Farmer Mac determined itself to be the primary beneficiary.

The following table provides a summary of unconsolidated VIEs with which Farmer Mac has significant continuing involvement but is not the primary beneficiary. The balances presented in the table below exclude certain transactions with unconsolidated VIEs where Farmer Mac's continuing involvement is insignificant. Farmer Mac considers continuing involvement to be insignificant when it relates to a VIE where Farmer Mac only invests in securities issued by the VIE and where Farmer Mac was not involved in the design of the VIE or where no transfers have occurred between Farmer Mac and the VIE.

Table 1.1

(1)Farmer Mac uses the guaranteed portion of unpaid principal balance or amortized cost as applicable to represent maximum exposure to loss.

(2)Included in Investment securities, Guarantee and commitment fees receivable, and Prepaid expenses and other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(3)Included in Guarantee and commitment obligation and Other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The weighted average remaining maturity of the loans underlying the guarantee was 19.9 years and 20.7 years as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

(a)Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share ("EPS") is based on the daily weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share is based on the daily weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding adjusted to include all potentially dilutive stock appreciation rights ("SARs") and unvested restricted stock unit awards. The following schedule reconciles basic and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

Table 1.2

(1)For the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, SARs and restricted stock units of 13,237 and 27,160, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because they were anti-dilutive. For the three months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, contingent shares of unvested restricted stock units of 10,962 and 27,580, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because performance conditions had not yet been met.

(1)For the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, SARs and restricted stock units of 36,843 and 53,955, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because they were anti-dilutive. For the nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025, contingent shares of unvested restricted stock units of 10,962 and 28,865, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because performance conditions had not yet been met.

(b)Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income represents all changes in stockholders' equity except those resulting from investments by or distributions to stockholders, and is comprised of net income and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale ("AFS") securities, certain held-to-maturity ("HTM") securities transferred from the AFS classification, and cash flow hedges, net of related taxes.

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"), net of tax, by component for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

Table 1.3

The following table presents other comprehensive income activity, the impact on net income of amounts reclassified from each component of AOCI, and the related tax impact for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025:

Table 1.4

(1)Represents amortization of deferred gains related to certain AFS USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities.

(2)Represents amortization of unrealized gain/loss reported in AOCI prior to the reclassification of certain securities from AFS to HTM, which occurred at fair value. The unrealized gain/loss will be amortized over the securities' remaining life with no impact on future net income.

(3)Relates to the recognition of unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges recorded in AOCI.

(1)Represents amortization of deferred gains related to certain AFS USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities.

(2)Represents amortization of unrealized gain/loss reported in AOCI prior to the reclassification of certain securities from AFS to HTM, which occurred at fair value. The unrealized gain/loss will be amortized over the securities' remaining life with no impact on future net income.

(3)Relates to the recognition of unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges recorded in AOCI.

(c)New Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance, Not Yet Adopted Within Our Consolidated Financial Statements

Farmer Mac is still assessing the impact of the new accounting standards in the table below but does not expect that adoption of the new guidance will have a material impact on Farmer Mac's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

(d)Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications of prior period information were made to conform to the current period presentation. The reclassifications of prior period information were not material to the consolidated financial statements.

2. INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Farmer Mac’s investment securities portfolio is comprised primarily of the following major portfolios, which is based on the issuer and associated security characteristics:

Liquidity Investments:

•U.S. Government guaranteed securities: single-family and multi-family mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") issued by Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) and pass-through securities issued by the Small Business Administration, which are guaranteed by the U.S. Government;

•Government-sponsored enterprise ("GSE") guaranteed securities: single-family and multi-family MBS issued by Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac). GSE securities are not guaranteed by the U.S. government;

•U.S. Treasury Obligations: sovereign debt issued by the United States of America.

Program Investments:

•AgVantage Securities: securities backed by corporate obligations of approved agricultural or rural infrastructure financial institution counterparties, backed by a pledge of eligible agricultural or infrastructure finance loans.

•USDA Securities: securities backed by the guaranteed portion of a loan guaranteed by the USDA under the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act.

•Asset-backed Securities ("ABS"): consist of senior secured notes supported by cash flows from underlying operating rural infrastructure assets.

The following tables set forth information about Farmer Mac's AFS and HTM investment securities as of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

Table 2.1

(1)Excludes $109.9 million and $53.5 million of accrued interest receivable on AFS and HTM securities, respectively, as of September 30, 2026.

(2)Represents the amount of impairment that has resulted from credit-related factors, and therefore was recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as a provision for losses. Amount excludes unrealized losses relating to non-credit factors.

(1)Excludes $91.3 million and $56.7 million of accrued interest receivable on AFS and HTM securities, respectively, as of December 31, 2025.

(2)Represents the amount of impairment that has resulted from credit-related factors, and therefore was recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations as a provision for losses. Amount excludes unrealized losses relating to non-credit factors.

As of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, to satisfy initial margin requirements for centrally cleared derivatives, Farmer Mac pledged collateral with a fair value of $308.0 million and $250.6 million, respectively. The pledged collateral consisted of AFS U.S. Treasuries and Government/GSE guaranteed MBS as of September 30, 2026, and only U.S. Treasuries as of December 31, 2025.

Farmer Mac did not sell any securities from its AFS or HTM investment portfolios during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2026 and 2025.

As of September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, unrealized losses on AFS investment securities were as follows:

Table 2.2

The unrealized losses presented above are primarily due to changes in the levels of interest rates from the dates of acquisition to September 30, 2026 and December 31, 2025, as applicable.

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted-average yield of AFS and HTM investment securities by remaining contractual maturity as of September 30, 2026 are set forth below. ABS and MBS are included based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 2.3

(1)Excludes $109.9 million of accrued interest receivable.

(1)Excludes $53.5 million of accrued interest receivable.