GLOBE LIFE INC

The life insurance segment is our primary segment and is the largest contributor to earnings in each period presented. The life insurance segment underwriting margin increased $18 million compared with the prior period, primarily a result of increased premiums and favorable policy obligations as a percent of premium. Excess investment income increased $15 million compared with the prior period, resulting from growth in our invested assets and increased yields due to higher interest rates. The health segment contributed to the growth in income as well, contributing $94 million of underwriting margin in the first three months of 2024 compared with $91 million in the first three months of 2023.

In 2024, the largest contributor of total underwriting margin was the life insurance segment and the primary distribution channel was the American Income Life Division (American Income). The following charts represent the breakdown of total underwriting margin by operating segment and distribution channel for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Total premium income rose 5% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $1.15 billion. Total net sales increased 7% to $204 million, when compared with 2023. Total first-year collected premium (defined in the following section) increased 10% to $161 million for 2024 compared to $146 million in 2023.

Life insurance premium income increased 4% to $804 million over the prior-year total of $773 million. Life net sales rose 7% to $149 million for the first three months of 2024. First-year collected life premium increased 8% to $111 million. Life underwriting margin, as a percent of premium, was flat at 38% for 2024 and 2023. Underwriting margin increased to $309 million in 2024, compared to $291 million for the same period in 2023.

Health insurance premium income increased 6% to $341 million over the prior-year total of $322 million. Health net sales rose 9% to $54 million for the first three months of 2024. First-year collected health premium rose 17% to $51 million. Health underwriting margin, as a percent of premium, was 27% in 2024, compared to 28% for the same period in 2023. Health underwriting margin increased 3% to $94 million for the first three months of 2024, compared to the same period in 2023.

Excess investment income, the measure of profitability of our investment segment, increased 50% during the first three months of 2024 to $43.8 million from $29.3 million in the same period in 2023. Excess investment income per common share, reflecting the impact of our share repurchase program and increased net investment income, increased 53% to $0.46 from $0.30 when compared with the same period in 2023.

Insurance administrative expenses increased 9% in 2024 when compared with the prior-year period. These expenses were 7.0% as a percent of premium during 2024 compared to 6.7% in 2023.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company repurchased 128 thousand Globe Life Inc. shares at a total cost of $15.6 million for an average share price of $122.13.

The discussions of our segments are presented in the manner we view our operations, as described in Note 12—Business Segments.

We use three measures as indicators of premium growth and sales over the near term: “annualized premium in force,” “net sales,” and “first-year collected premium.”

•Annualized premium in force is defined as the premium income that would be received over the following twelve months at any given date on all active policies if those policies remain in force throughout the twelve-month period.

•Net sales are calculated as annualized premium issued, net of cancellations in the first thirty days after issue, except in the case of Direct to Consumer, where net sales is annualized premium issued at the time the first full premium is paid after any introductory offer period has expired. Management considers net sales to be a better indicator of the rate of premium growth than annualized premium issued.

•First-year collected premium is defined as the premium collected during the reporting period for all policies in their first policy year. First-year collected premium takes lapses into account in the first year when lapses are more likely to occur, and thus is a useful indicator of how much new premium is expected to be added to premium income in the future.

See further discussion of the distribution channels below for Life and Health.

LIFE INSURANCE

Life insurance is the Company's predominant segment. During 2024, life premium represented 70% of total premium and life underwriting margin represented 76% of the total underwriting margin. Additionally, investments supporting the reserves for life products produce the majority of excess investment income attributable to the investment segment.

The following table presents the summary of results of life insurance. Further discussion of the results by distribution channel is included below.

Summary of Results

Net policy obligations amounted to 40% of premium for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to 41% in the year ago period.

The table below summarizes life underwriting margin by distribution channel.

Underwriting Margin by Distribution Channel

The following table presents Globe Life's life insurance premium by distribution channel.

Premium by Distribution Channel

Annualized life premium in force was $3.23 billion at March 31, 2024, an increase of 4% over $3.11 billion a year earlier.

An analysis of life net sales, an indicator of new business production, by distribution channel is presented below.

Net Sales by Distribution Channel

First-year collected life premium by distribution channel is presented in the table below.

First-Year Collected Premium by Distribution Channel