WINNEBAGO INDUSTRIES INC

MANAGEMENT'S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

We, the management of Winnebago Industries, Inc. (the "Company") are responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. The Company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

The Company's internal control over financial reporting is supported by written policies and procedures that:

1. pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company's assets;

2. provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Company's management and directors; and

3. provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

In addition, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, consisting solely of independent directors, meets periodically with management of the Company, the internal auditors, and the independent registered public accounting firm to review internal accounting controls, audit results, and accounting principles and practices and annually selects the independent registered public accounting firm.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In connection with the preparation of the Company's annual financial statements, management of the Company has undertaken an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO"). Management's assessment included an evaluation of the design of the Company's internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Based on its assessment, management has concluded that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective as of August 31, 2024.

Deloitte & Touche LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the Company's financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued a report included herein, which expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Winnebago Industries, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Winnebago Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of August 31, 2024, and August 26, 2023, the related consolidated statements of income, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended August 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of August 31, 2024, and August 26, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended August 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated October 23, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Intangible Assets – Chris-Craft Trade Name – Refer to Notes 1 and 7 to the Financial Statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company tests indefinite-lived trade names for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and more frequently if events occur or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amounts may be impaired. The Company’s quantitative evaluation of trade names for impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of each indefinite-lived intangible asset to its carrying value. The Company uses the relief-from-royalty method to determine the trade name’s fair value, which requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions related to forecasts of future revenues and the selection of the royalty rate. Changes in the assumptions can have a significant impact on both the fair value of the reporting unit and the amount of any impairment charge.

The trade name balance was $352.3 million as of August 31, 2024, of which $29.3 million was related to Chris-Craft. The estimated fair value of the Chris-Craft trade name exceeded its carrying value as of the measurement date and, therefore, no impairment was recognized.

Given the significant judgments made by management to estimate the fair value of the Chris-Craft trade name, performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to forecasts of future revenues as well as the selection of the royalty rate required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the forecasts of future revenues and the selection of the royalty rate for the Chris-Craft trade name included the following, among others:

•We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s trade name impairment evaluation, including those over the determination of fair value, such as controls related to management’s development of forecasts of future revenues and the selection of the royalty rate.

•We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future revenues and operating margins by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts.

•We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s forecasts by comparing the forecasts to (1) historical results, (2) internal communications to management and the Board of Directors, and (3) forecasted information included in Company press releases as well as in analyst and industry reports of the Company and companies in its peer group.

•With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the valuation methodology and the royalty rate selected by:

•Testing the underlying source information and mathematical accuracy of the calculations.

•Developing a range of comparable royalty transactions and comparing those to the royalty rate selected by management.

•We evaluated the impact of changes in management’s forecasts from the annual measurement date to August 31, 2024.

Product Warranties – Grand Design – Refer to Note 8 to the financial statements

Critical Audit Matter Description

The Company provides certain service and warranty on its products. Estimated costs related to product warranty are accrued based upon historical warranty claims and unit sales history. Estimates are adjusted as needed to reflect actual costs incurred as information becomes available. Grand Design RV, LLC (“Grand Design”) was founded in 2013 and acquired by the Company in November 2016 and makes up the majority of the Company’s product warranty accrual as of August 31, 2024.

We identified the product warranties for Grand Design as a critical audit matter because of the significant judgments made by management to estimate costs related to product warranties at the time of sale. This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates of future warranty claims based on historical claims experience.

How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit

Our audit procedures related to the product warranty for the Grand Design component included the following, among others:

•We evaluated the operating effectiveness of controls over management’s estimation of the product warranty accrual, including those over historical product warranty claim data and projected future product warranty claims.

•We evaluated the accuracy and relevance of the historical product warranty claims as an input to management’s product warranty accrual calculation.

•We evaluated the completeness of the warranty accrual estimate through inquiries of operational and executive management regarding knowledge of known product warranty claims or product issues and evaluated whether they were appropriately considered in the determination of the product warranty accrual.

•We evaluated management’s ability to accurately estimate the warranty accrual by comparing the product warranty accrual in prior years to the actual product warranty claims paid in subsequent years.

•We assessed management’s methodology and detail tested the warranty accrual by evaluating the inputs and assumptions utilized in the calculation.

/s/Deloitte & Touche LLP

Minneapolis, Minnesota

October 23, 2024

We have served as the Company's auditor since fiscal 1986.

To the shareholders and the Board of Directors of Winnebago Industries, Inc.

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Winnebago Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of August 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of August 31, 2024, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended August 31, 2024, of the Company and our report dated October 23, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Minneapolis, Minnesota

October 23, 2024

(in millions)

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, unless otherwise designated)

Note 1. Basis of Presentation

Nature of Operations

Winnebago Industries, Inc. is one of the leading North American manufacturers of recreation vehicles ("RVs") and marine products with a diversified portfolio used primarily in leisure travel and outdoor recreational activities. We also design and manufacture advanced battery solutions that deliver “house power,” supporting internal electrical features and appliances for a variety of outdoor products including RVs, boats, specialty and other low-speed vehicles, as well as other industrial applications. Other products manufactured by us consist primarily of original equipment manufacturing parts for other manufacturers and commercial vehicles. We produce our motorhome RV units in Iowa and Indiana; our towable RV units in Indiana; our marine units in Indiana and Florida; and our battery solutions in Florida. We distribute our RV and marine products primarily through independent dealers across the U.S. and Canada, who then retail the products to the end consumer. We also distribute our marine products internationally through independent dealers, who then retail the products to the end consumer. Our battery solutions are primarily sold to customers in the U.S.

Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Intercompany account balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The use of the terms "Winnebago Industries," "Winnebago," "we," "our," and "us" in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, unless the context otherwise requires, refer to Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Fiscal Period

We have a 5-4-4 quarterly accounting cycle with the fiscal year ending on the last Saturday in August. All references to Fiscal 2024 refer to the 53-week period ended August 31, 2024. Fiscal 2023 refers to the 52-week period ended August 26, 2023 and Fiscal 2022 refers to the 52-week period ended August 27, 2022.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting years. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents represent cash, demand deposits and highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are not legally restricted. Cash equivalents are recorded at cost, which approximates fair value.

Receivables

Receivables consist principally of amounts due from our dealer network for RVs and boats sold.

We record an allowance using a model to reduce receivables by the expected credit loss and consider factors such as financial condition of the dealer, specific collection issues, current and expected economic conditions, and other factors that may impact our ability to collect. If there is a deterioration of a dealer's financial condition, if we become aware of additional information related to credit worthiness, or if future actual default rates on receivables differ from those currently anticipated, we may adjust the allowance for credit losses, which would affect earnings in the period the adjustments are made.

Inventories

Generally, inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value determined under the First-in, First-out basis ("FIFO"), except for the Winnebago Motorhome operating segment which is determined using the Last-in, First-out ("LIFO") basis. Manufacturing cost includes materials, labor, and overhead. Unallocated overhead and abnormal costs are expensed as incurred.

Property and Equipment

Depreciation of property and equipment is computed using the straight-line method on the cost of the assets, less allowance for salvage value where appropriate, at rates based upon their estimated service lives as follows:

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually, during the fourth quarter and whenever events occur or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Impairment testing for goodwill is performed at a reporting unit level and all goodwill is assigned to a reporting unit. Our reporting units are the same as the operating segments as defined in Note 3 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of Part II in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the fair value of a reporting unit is “more likely than not” less than its carrying value. If it is more likely than not that an impairment has occurred, we then perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. We also generally perform a quantitative impairment test of our reporting units at least once every five years. If we perform the quantitative test, the carrying value of the reporting unit is compared to an estimate of the reporting unit’s fair value to identify impairment. The estimate of the reporting unit’s fair value involves significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs). The fair value is determined by a blend of the income approach (discounted future cash flow) and market approach (guideline public company) using current industry information. In determining the estimated future cash flow, we consider and apply certain estimates and judgments, including current and projected future levels of income based on management plans, business trends, prospects, market and economic conditions, and market-participant considerations. If the quantitative assessment of goodwill impairment fails, an impairment loss equal to the amount that a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value will be recognized.

During the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2024, we completed our annual goodwill impairment testing. We elected to rely on a qualitative assessment for the Grand Design, Barletta, and Lithionics reporting units, and performed a quantitative analysis for the Chris-Craft and Newmar reporting units. The results of our goodwill impairment testing indicated that the carrying value of the Chris-Craft reporting unit exceeded its fair value, resulting in a $30.3 million impairment charge, which represents the full goodwill balance attributable to the reporting unit. No impairment was identified for the fiscal years ended August 26, 2023 or August 27, 2022. For further information regarding the Fiscal 2024 impairment charge, refer to Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of Part II in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Trade names

We have indefinite-lived intangible assets related to the Newmar trade name within the Motorhome RV segment, the Grand Design trade name within the Towable RV segment, and the Chris-Craft and Barletta trade names within the Marine segment. We also have a finite-lived trade name intangible asset related to Lithionics within Corporate / All Other. Annually in the fourth quarter, or if conditions indicate an interim review is necessary, we test indefinite-lived trade names for impairment. We have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the fair value of a trade name is “more likely than not” less than its carrying value. If it is more likely than not that an impairment has occurred, we then perform the quantitative impairment test. If we perform the quantitative test, the carrying value of the asset is compared to an estimate of its fair value to identify impairment. The fair value is determined by the relief-from-royalty method, which requires significant judgment. Actual results may differ from assumed and estimated amounts utilized in the analysis. If we conclude an impairment exists, the asset's carrying value will be written down to its fair value.

During the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2024, we completed the annual impairment testing for indefinite-lived intangible assets. We elected to rely on a qualitative assessment for the Grand Design, and Barletta trade names, and performed a quantitative analysis for the Chris-Craft and Newmar trade names. No impairment was identified for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2024, August 26, 2023, or August 27, 2022.

Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, which include property, plant and equipment, finite-lived intangible assets subject to amortization, and right-of-use assets are assessed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances such as asset utilization, physical change, legal factors or other matters indicate the carrying value of those assets may not be recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows. The impairment test involves comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the forecasted undiscounted future cash flows generated by that asset. These assumptions require significant judgment and actual results may differ from assumed and estimated amounts. In the event the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the undiscounted future cash flows generated by that asset and the carrying amount is not considered recoverable, an impairment exists. An impairment loss is measured as the excess of the asset’s carrying amount over its fair value and is recognized in the statement of income in the period that the impairment occurs. The reasonableness of the useful lives of the asset and other long-lived assets is regularly evaluated.

No impairment loss of any long-lived asset was identified for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2024, August 26, 2023, or August 27, 2022.

Self-Insurance

Generally, we self-insure a portion of health insurance, product liability claims, and workers' compensation. We maintain insurance programs subject to applicable deductibles or retentions. Under these plans, liabilities are recognized for claims incurred, including those incurred but not reported. We use third-party administrators and actuaries who use historical claims experience and various state statutes to assist in the determination of the accrued liability balance. We review the valuations provided by the third-party administrators and actuaries to determine the adequacy of the reserves. Any material change in the aforementioned factors could have an adverse impact on operating results. Balances are included within self-insurance (accrued expenses) on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Income Taxes

In preparing these financial statements, we are required to estimate the income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. This process involves estimating the current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We then assess the likelihood that the deferred tax assets will be realized based on future taxable income and, to the extent that recovery is not likely, a valuation allowance is established. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or change this allowance in a period, an expense or a benefit is included within the tax provision on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Legal

Litigation expense, including estimated defense costs, is recorded when probable and reasonably estimable.

Revenue Recognition

Our primary source of revenue is generated through the sale of non-motorized towable RV units, motorhome RV units, and marine units to our independent dealer network (customers). Unit revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when the performance obligation is satisfied and control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customer, which occurs when the unit is shipped to or picked-up from the manufacturing facilities by the customer. Control refers to the ability of the customer to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of, the remaining benefits from the goods or services. We recognize revenue based on an amount that reflects the transaction price consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Our transaction price consideration is fixed, unless otherwise disclosed as variable consideration. The amount of consideration received and recorded to revenue can vary with changes in marketing incentives and discounts offered to customers. These marketing incentives and discounts are considered variable consideration. We adjust the estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration expected to be received changes or when the consideration becomes fixed. Our payment terms are typically before or on delivery, and do not include a significant financing component.

Net revenue includes shipping and handling charges billed directly to customers, and we also generate income through the sale of certain parts and services, acting as the principal in these arrangements. We have made an accounting policy election to account for any shipping and handling costs that occur after the transfer of control as a fulfillment cost that is accrued when control is transferred. We also have made an accounting policy election to exclude from revenue sales and usage-based taxes collected.

Our contracts include some incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract. We have made an accounting policy election to not assess whether promised goods or services are performance obligations if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer. Warranty obligations associated with the sale of a unit are assurance-type warranties that are a guarantee of the unit’s intended functionality and, therefore, do not represent a distinct performance obligation within the context of the contract. Contract costs incurred related to the sale of manufactured units are expensed at the point-in-time when the related revenue is recognized.

The revenue standard requirements are applied to a portfolio of contracts (or performance obligations) with similar characteristics for transactions where it is expected that the effects on the financial statements of applying the revenue recognition guidance to the portfolio would not differ materially from applying this guidance to the individual contracts (or performance obligations) within that portfolio.

Refer to Note 13 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of Part II in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

Advertising

Advertising costs, which consist primarily of trade shows and online content, were $21.9 million, $21.3 million, and $23.3 million in Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Advertising costs are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses and are expensed as incurred on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income represents the change in stockholders’ equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from sources other than shareholders. The difference between comprehensive income and net income was not material for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2024, August 26, 2023, and August 27, 2022.

Subsequent Events

In preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, we have evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and disclosure through the date of this filing noting no material subsequent events.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

We did not adopt any new accounting standards during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2024 that had a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2024, the SEC adopted a final rule under SEC Release No. 33-11275, The Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors. The new rule will require disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions, including Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions; climate-related risks, governance, and oversight; and the financial impacts of severe weather events and other natural conditions, subject to certain materiality thresholds. These disclosures are required to be phased into our annual reporting beginning in Fiscal 2026. However, in April 2024, the SEC stayed the implementation of this rule pending the outcome of legal challenges. We continue to monitor developments and evaluate the impact of adoption on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires expanded disclosures primarily related to the effective tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. We will adopt the standard in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended August 29, 2026 and annual filings thereafter.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires incremental disclosures about significant segment expenses regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker. The new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact of the standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. We will adopt the standard in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our fiscal year ended August 30, 2025 and filings thereafter.

Note 2. Business Combinations

Lithionics Battery, LLC

On April 28, 2023, we purchased 100% of the equity interests of Lithionics Battery, LLC and Lithionics LLC (collectively, "Lithionics"), a premier lithium-ion battery solutions provider to the recreational equipment and specialty vehicle markets. Refer to Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information relating to the goodwill and other intangible assets acquired. Pro forma results of operations for this acquisition have not been presented as the impact on our consolidated financial statements was not material.

Total transaction costs related to the Lithionics acquisition of $3.1 million were expensed during the third quarter of Fiscal 2023. Transaction costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

Barletta Boat Company, LLC

On August 31, 2021, we purchased 100% of the equity interests of Barletta Boat Company, LLC and Three Limes, LLC (collectively, "Barletta"), a manufacturer of high-quality, premium pontoon boats that are sold through a network of independent authorized dealers.

We acquired Barletta for a purchase price of $286.3 million, including cash payments of $240.1 million, $25.0 million in common stock issued to the sellers (subject to a discount noted below), and contingent consideration from earnout provisions. The common stock fair value included in the purchase price reflects a 12% discount, due to the lack of marketability as these are unregistered shares that have aone-year lockup restriction, which reduced the value of the common stock to $22.0 million. The contingent consideration includes both a potential stock payout as well as a potential cash payment based on achievement of certain financial performance metrics. In the third quarter of Fiscal 2024, we paid $20.5 million to settle the remaining earnout obligations associated with calendar year 2023. Comparatively, in the third quarter of Fiscal 2023, we paid $22.0 million to settle earnout obligations associated with calendar year 2022. In the third quarter of Fiscal 2022, we issued 0.2 million shares of common stock to settle earnout obligations associated with calendar year 2021.

Pro forma results of operations for this acquisition have not been presented as the impact on our consolidated financial statements was not material.

Note 3. Business Segments

We have eight operating segments: 1) Grand Design towables, 2) Winnebago towables, 3) Winnebago motorhomes, 4) Newmar motorhomes, 5) Chris-Craft marine, 6) Barletta marine, 7) Winnebago specialty vehicles, and 8) Lithionics. Financial performance is evaluated based on each operating segment's Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("EBITDA"), as defined below, which excludes certain corporate administration expenses and non-operating income and expense.

Ourthree reportable segments are: Towable RV (an aggregation of the Grand Design towables and the Winnebago towables operating segments), Motorhome RV (an aggregation of the Winnebago motorhomes and Newmar motorhomes operating segments), and Marine (an aggregation of the Chris-Craft marine and Barletta marine operating segments). Towable RV is comprised of non-motorized RV products that are generally towed by another vehicle, along with other related manufactured products and services. Motorhome RV is comprised of products that include a motorhome chassis, along with other related manufactured products and services. Marine is comprised of products that include boats, along with other related manufactured products and services.

The Corporate / All Other category includes the Winnebago specialty vehicles and Lithionics operating segments as well as certain corporate administration expenses related to the oversight of the enterprise, such as corporate leadership and administration costs.

Identifiable assets of the reportable segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents and certain deferred tax balances. The general corporate assets are included in the Corporate / All Other category.

Our Chief Executive Officer (the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM")) regularly reviews consolidated financial results in their entirety and operating segment financial information through Adjusted EBITDA and has ultimate responsibility for enterprise decisions. Our CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the consolidated enterprise, reportable segments and between operating segments. Management of each operating segment has responsibility for operating decisions, allocating resources and assessing performance within their respective operating segment. The accounting policies of all reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of Part II in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We monitor and evaluate operating performance of our reportable segments based on Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, and other pretax adjustments made in order to present comparable results period over period. Examples of items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA include acquisition-related costs, litigation reserves, change in fair value of note receivable and other investments, contingent consideration fair value adjustment, goodwill impairment, loss on note repurchase, and non-operating income or loss.

Financial information by reportable segment is as follows:

Reconciliation of net income to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is as follows:

Net revenues by geography are as follows:

Note 4. Investments and Fair Value Measurements

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

In determining the fair value of financial assets and liabilities, we utilize market data or other assumptions that we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market and adjust for non-performance and/or other risks associated with us as well as counterparties, as appropriate. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation as of the measurement date:

Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices which are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible at the measurement date.

Level 2 —Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3 —Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows:

Assets that Fund Deferred Compensation

Our assets that fund deferred compensation are marketable equity securities measured at fair value using quoted market prices and primarily consist of equity-based mutual funds. These securities, used to fund the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, are classified as Level 1 as they are traded in an active market for which closing stock prices are readily available. Refer to Note 11 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of Part II in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding this plan.

The proportion of the assets that will fund the deferred compensation payments within a year are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining assets are classified as non-current and are included in other long-term assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contingent Consideration

Contingent consideration represents the earnout liability related to the Barletta acquisition and is valued using a probability-weighted scenario analysis of projected gross profit results and discounted at a risk-free rate, which is classified as Level 3.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the contingent consideration:

As of August 26, 2023, the entire $18.4 million was included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

Certain non-financial assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets primarily include goodwill, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, and right-of-use lease assets. These assets were originally recognized at amounts equal to the fair value determined at date of acquisition or purchase. If certain triggering events occur, or if an annual impairment test is required, we will evaluate the non-financial asset for impairment. If an impairment has occurred, the asset will be written down to its current estimated fair value. During Fiscal 2024, we recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $30.3 million, representing a full impairment of the goodwill balance associated with the Chris-Craft reporting unit. No other impairments were recorded during Fiscal 2024 andno impairments were recorded during Fiscal 2023 or Fiscal 2022. Refer to Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated

Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of Part II in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information regarding goodwill and intangible assets.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

Certain financial instruments are not measured at fair value but are recorded at carrying amounts approximating fair value based on their short-term nature. These financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable, and other payables. If these instruments were measured at fair value in the financial statements, they would be classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.

Our debt obligations are recorded at amortized cost but measured at fair value for disclosure purposes. The fair value of our debt was determined using current quoted prices in active markets for our publicly traded debt obligations, which is classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. See Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for information about the fair value of our debt.

Note 5. Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:

Inventory valuation methods consist of the following:

The above value of inventories, before reduction for the LIFO reserve, approximates replacement cost at the respective dates.

Note 6. Property, Plant, and Equipment

Property, plant, and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and consists of the following:

Depreciation expense was $35.6 million, $29.2 million, and $24.2 million for Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Note 7. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment at least annually during the fourth quarter and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred prior to the annual assessment. During our Fiscal 2024 impairment assessment, we recognized a $30.3 million impairment charge equal to the full carrying value of goodwill associated with the Chris-Craft reporting unit. The decline in fair value of the Chris-Craft reporting unit was driven primarily by a downward revision to forecasted cash flows made during the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2024 as part of our annual long range planning process, and a decline in market capitalization observed from guideline public companies. Projected future cash flows for the Chris-Craft reporting unit have declined compared to prior expectations as a result of sustained macroeconomic challenges impacting consumer demand, such as inflationary pressures and elevated interest rates, and the current uncertainty regarding timing and degree of economic recovery. All other intangible asset fair values were determined to be in excess of the carrying values as of August 31, 2024, andno impairments were recorded during Fiscal 2023 or Fiscal 2022.

The valuation used to test goodwill for impairment is dependent upon a number of significant estimates and assumptions, including macroeconomic conditions, growth rates, competitive activities, cost containment, margin expansion and our business plans. We believe these estimates and assumptions are reasonable. However, future changes in the judgments, assumptions and estimates that are used in our goodwill impairment analysis, including discount and tax rates or future cash flow projections, could result in significantly different estimates of the fair values.

The changes in the carrying value of goodwill by reportable segment for Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022 are as follows:

(1)The change in Corporate / All Other activity is related to the acquisition of Lithionics that occurred on April 28, 2023. See Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, consist of the following:

The weig hted average remaining amortization period for finite-lived intangible assets as of August 31, 2024 was approximately six years.

Estimated future amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets is as follows:

Note 8. Product Warranties

We provide certain service and warranty on our products. From time to time, we also voluntarily incur costs for certain warranty-type expenses occurring after the normal warranty period expires to help protect the reputation of our products and maintain the goodwill of our customers. Estimated costs related to product warranty are accrued at the time of sale and are based upon historical warranty and service claims experience. Adjustments are made to accruals as claim data and cost experience becomes available.

In addition to the costs associated with the contractual warranty coverage provided on products, we also occasionally incur costs as a result of additional service actions not covered by warranties, including product recalls and customer satisfaction actions. Although we estimate and reserve for the cost of these service actions when probable and estimable, there can be no assurance that expense levels will remain at current levels or such reserves will continue to be adequate.

Changes in the product warranty liability are as follows:

(1) Refer to Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more information on the acquisition of Lithionics on April 28, 2023 and the acquisition of Barletta on August 31, 2021.

Note 9. Debt

The following table summarizes our outstanding debt:

Credit Agreements

On July 15, 2022, we amended and restated our asset-backed revolving credit agreement ("ABL Credit Facility") to, among other things, increase the commitments available from $192.5 million to $350.0 million, and extend the maturity date from October 22, 2024 to July 15, 2027 (subject to certain factors which may accelerate the maturity date). The $350.0 million credit facility is on a revolving basis, subject to availability under a borrowing base consisting of eligible accounts receivable and eligible inventory. The ABL Credit Facility is available for issuance of letters of credit to a specified limit of $35.0 million. We pay a commitment fee of 0.25% based on the average daily amount of the facility available, but unused during the most recent quarter. We can elect to base the interest rate on various rates plus specific spreads depending on the borrowing amount outstanding. If drawn, interest on ABL Credit Facility borrowings is at a floating rate based upon our election, either term SOFR or REVSOFR30 (as defined in the ABL Credit Facility agreement), plus, in each case, a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, as well as an applicable spread between

1.25% and 1.75%, depending on the usage of the facility during the most recent quarter. Based on current usage, we would pay an applicable spread of 1.25%. In connection with the amendment, we capitalized $1.2 million of issuance costs that are being amortized over thefive-year term of the ABL Credit Facility.

Senior Secured Notes

On July 8, 2020, we closed our private offering (the “Senior Secured Notes Offering”) of $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.25% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (the “Senior Secured Notes”). The Senior Secured Notes were issued in accordance with an Indenture dated as of July 8, 2020 (the “Indenture”). The Senior Secured Notes will mature on July 15, 2028 unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. Interest on the Senior Secured Notes accrues starting July 8, 2020 and is payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, which began on January 15, 2021. The Senior Secured Notes and the related guarantees are secured by (i) a first-priority lien on substantially all of our existing and future assets (other than certain collateral under the ABL Credit Facility) and (ii) a second-priority lien on our present and future receivables, inventory and other related assets and proceeds that secure the ABL Credit Facility on a first-priority basis.

The Indenture limits certain of our abilities (subject to certain exceptions and qualifications) to incur additional debt and provide additional guarantees; make restricted payments; create or permit certain liens; make certain asset sales; use the proceeds from the sale of assets and subsidiary stock; create or permit restrictions on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other inter-company distributions; engage in certain transactions with affiliates; designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries; and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of our assets and the assets of our restricted subsidiaries.

Debt issuance costs incurred and capitalized are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated debt agreement. If early principal payments are made on the Senior Secured Notes, a proportional amount of the unamortized debt issuance costs is expensed. As part of the Senior Secured Notes Offering, we capitalized $7.5 million in debt issuance costs that are being amortized over theeight-year term of the agreement.

2030 Convertible Notes

On January 23, 2024, we issued $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 3.25% unsecured convertible senior notes due 2030 (“2030 Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 Convertible Notes, after deducting the initial purchasers' transaction fees and offering expenses payable by us, were approximately $339.8 million. The 2030 Convertible Notes bear interest at the annual rate of 3.25%, payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year, beginning on July 15, 2024, and will mature on January 15, 2030, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed, or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date.

The 2030 Convertible Notes may be converted at any time on or after July 15, 2029, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding their maturity date. Upon conversion, we will settle the principal amount of the 2030 Convertible Notes in cash, and any conversion premium in excess of the principal amount in cash, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at our election.

The initial conversion rate of the 2030 Convertible Notes was 11.3724 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2030 Convertible Notes, which is equal to an initial conversion price of approximately $87.93 per share. The conversion rate is subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of events specified in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes but will not be adjusted for accrued and unpaid interest on any 2030 Convertible Note being converted. In addition, upon the occurrence of a make-whole fundamental change (as defined in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes) during the make-whole fundamental change conversion period (as defined in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes), we will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate by the number of additional shares described in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes for a holder that elects to convert such holder’s 2030 Convertible Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change. As of August 31, 2024, there have been no changes to the initial conversion rate.

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding July 15, 2029, the 2030 Convertible Notes will be convertible only under the following circumstances:

1. during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ended on March 31, 2024 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price (as defined in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes) per share of the common stock is more than 130% of the applicable conversion price (as defined in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes) on each applicable trading day for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter;

2. during thefive consecutive business day period immediately after anyfive consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period to the 2030 Convertible Notes") in which the trading price (as defined in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes) per $1,000 principal amount of 2030 Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period to the 2030 Convertible Notes was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of the common stock and the conversion rate for the 2030 Convertible Notes on each such trading day;

3. upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events set forth in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes; or

4. if we call such 2030 Convertible Notes for redemption (as described below).

The 2030 Convertible Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part (subject to certain limitations), for cash at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or after January 15, 2028 and on or before the 40 th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, but only if the last reported sale price per share of our common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for a specified period of time (as set forth in the Indenture to the 2030 Convertible Notes). The redemption price will be equal to the principal amount of the 2030 Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.

On January 18, 2024 and January 19, 2024, in connection with the offering of the 2030 Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (collectively, the “2030 Hedge Transactions”) that cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the 2030 Convertible Notes, and are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount due, as the case may be, upon conversion of the 2030 Convertible Notes in the event that the market price of our common stock is greater than the strike price of the 2030 Hedge Transactions, which was initially $87.93 per share (subject to adjustment under the terms of the 2030 Hedge Transactions), corresponding to the initial conversion price of the 2030 Convertible Notes.

On January 18, 2024 and January 19, 2024, we also entered into privately negotiated warrant transactions (collectively, the “2030 Warrant Transactions” and, together with the 2030 Hedge Transactions, the “2030 Call Spread Transactions”), whereby we sold warrants at a higher strike price relating to the same number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the 2030 Convertible Notes, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. The initial strike price of the 2030 warrants is $135.28 per share (subject to adjustment under the terms of the 2030 Warrant Transactions), which is approximately 100% above the last reported sale price of our common stock on January 18, 2024. The 2030 Warrant Transactions could have a dilutive effect to our stockholders to the extent that the market price per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the 2030 Warrant Transactions, exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrants.

The 2030 Hedge Transactions and the 2030 Warrant Transactions are separate transactions, and in each case, are not part of the terms of the 2030 Convertible Notes and will not affect any holder’s rights under the 2030 Convertible Notes. Holders of the 2030 Convertible Notes will not have any rights with respect to the 2030 Call Spread Transactions.

Accounting Treatment of the 2030 Convertible Notes and Related 2030 Hedge Transactions and 2030 Warrant Transactions

The 2030 Convertible Notes are accounted for as a single liability measured at amortized cost. Interest expense, representing the amortization of the $10.2 million of debt issuance costs as well as the contractual interest expense are amortized using an effective interest rate of 3.8% over the term of the 2030 Convertible Notes. We recorded $7.8 million of interest expense during Fiscal 2024.

The net after-tax cost incurred in connection with the 2030 Call Spread Transactions was $20.6 million. These transactions are classified as equity and are not remeasured each reporting period.

2025 Convertible Notes

On November 1, 2019, we issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.5% unsecured convertible senior notes due 2025 (“2025 Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds from the issuance of the 2025 Convertible Notes, after deducting the initial purchasers' transaction fees and offering expense payable by us, were approximately $290.2 million. The 2025 Convertible Notes bear interest at the annual rate of 1.5%, payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2020, and will mature on April 1, 2025, unless earlier converted or repurchased by us.

The 2025 Convertible Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of our common stock or a combination thereof, at our election, at an initial conversion rate of 15.6906 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2025 Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $63.73 per share, as adjusted pursuant to the terms of the Indenture governing the 2025 Convertible Notes. The 2025 Convertible Notes may be converted at any time on or after October 1, 2024, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.

The conversion rate of the 2025 Convertible Notes may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in connection with a conversion of the 2025 Convertible Notes made following certain fundamental changes and under other circumstances set forth in the Indenture to the 2025 Convertible Notes. As of August 31, 2024, the conversion rate was 15.9923 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2025 Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to a conversion price of approximately$62.53. The difference between the initial conversion rate and the conversion rate as of August 31, 2024 is due to cash dividends that have been declared following the issuance of the 2025 Convertible Notes.

It is our current intent to settle all conversions of the 2025 Convertible Notes in cash. Our ability to cash settle may be limited depending on the stock price at the time of conversion.

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding October 1, 2024, the 2025 Convertible Notes will be convertible only under the following circumstances:

1. during any calendar quarter commencing after December 31, 2019 if the closing sale price of the common stock is more than 130% of the applicable conversion price on each applicable trading day for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter;

2. during thefive consecutive business day period after anyfive consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period to the 2025 Convertible Notes") in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of 2025 Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period to the 2025 Convertible Notes was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the common stock and the conversion rate for the 2025 Convertible Notes on each such trading day; or

3. upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events set forth in the Indenture for the 2025 Convertible Notes.

We may not redeem the 2025 Convertible Notes at our option prior to the maturity date, and no sinking fund is provided for the 2025 Convertible Notes.

On October 29, 2019 and October 30, 2019, in connection with the offering of the 2025 Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (collectively, the “2025 Hedge Transactions”) that cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the 2025 Convertible Notes, and are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount due, as the case may be, upon conversion of the 2025 Convertible Notes in the event that the market price of our common stock is greater than the strike price of the 2025 Hedge Transactions, which was initially $63.73 per share (subject to adjustment under the terms of the 2025 Hedge Transactions), corresponding to the initial conversion price of the 2025 Convertible Notes.

On October 29, 2019 and October 30, 2019, we also entered into privately negotiated warrant transactions (collectively, the “2025 Warrant Transactions” and, together with the 2025 Hedge Transactions, the “2025 Call Spread Transactions”), whereby we sold warrants at a higher strike price relating to the same number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the 2025 Convertible Notes, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. The initial strike price of the warrants is $96.20 per share (subject to adjustment under the terms of the 2025 Warrant Transactions), which is 100% above the last reported sale price of our common stock on October 29, 2019. The 2025 Warrant Transactions could have a dilutive effect to our shareholders to the extent that the market price per share of our common stock, as measured under the terms of the 2025 Warrant Transactions, exceeds the applicable strike price of the warrants.

We used $28.6 million of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2025 Convertible Notes to pay the cost of the 2025 Call Spread Transactions.

The 2025 Hedge Transactions and the 2025 Warrant Transactions are separate transactions, in each case, and are not part of the terms of the 2025 Convertible Notes and will not affect any holder’s rights under the 2025 Convertible Notes. Holders of the 2025 Convertible Notes will not have any rights with respect to the 2025 Call Spread Transactions.

On January 18, 2024, we entered into separate, privately negotiated transactions (the "2025 Convertible Note Repurchases") with certain holders of the 2025 Convertible Notes to repurchase $240.7 million aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Convertible Notes using $293.8 million of the net proceeds received from the 2030 Convertible Notes. In connection with the 2025 Convertible Note Repurchases, we recorded a loss on note repurchase of $32.7 million in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income during Fiscal 2024. The loss on note repurchase represents the difference between the fair value of consideration transferred to the holders of the repurchased 2025 Convertible Notes and the conversion value of 2025 Convertible Notes repurchased pursuant to the original conversion terms. Concurrently with the 2025 Convertible Note Repurchases, we entered into agreements to terminate a proportionate amount of the 2025 Call Spread Transactions, which resulted in net proceeds of $30.5 million recorded as equity in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Accounting Treatment of the 2025 Convertible Notes and Related 2025 Hedge Transactions and 2025 Warrant Transactions

The 2025 Convertible Notes are accounted for as a single liability measured at amortized cost. Interest expense, representing the amortization of the remaining debt issuance costs as well as the contractual interest expense are amortized using an effective interest rate of 2.1% over the term of the 2025 Convertible Notes. We recorded interest expense of $3.4 million, $6.3 million and $19.6 million for Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022 respectively.

The net after-tax cost incurred in connection with the 2025 Call Spread Transactions was $11.2 million. These transactions are classified as equity and are not remeasured each reporting period.

Fair Value and Future Maturities

The fair value of outstanding debt obligations, gross is as follows:

Aggregate contractual maturities of debt in future fiscal years are as follows:

We were in compliance with all of our financial debt covenants as of August 31, 2024.

Note 10. Leases

Our leases primarily include operating leases for equipment and real estate, including office space and manufacturing space. Financing leases are primarily for real estate and solar energy producing equipment. For any lease with an initial term in excess of 12 months, the related lease assets and liabilities are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as either operating or finance leases at the inception of an agreement when it is determined that a lease exists. We have lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components, and have elected to combine lease and non-lease components for all classes of assets. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. When the terms of multiple lease agreements are materially consistent, we have elected the portfolio approach for our asset and liability calculations.

Lease assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. These assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future payments over the lease term at commencement date. We generally use a collateralized incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date, including lease term, in determining the present value of future payments. The assumed lease terms generally do not include options to extend or terminate the lease unless it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised.

Some of our real estate operating leases require payment of real estate taxes, common area maintenance, and insurance. In addition, some of the leases are subject to annual changes in the consumer price index ("CPI"). These components comprise the majority of our variable lease cost and are excluded from the present value of the lease obligations. Fixed payments may contain predetermined fixed rent escalations. For operating leases, we recognize the related rent expense on a straight-line basis from the commencement date to the end of the lease term.

The supplemental balance sheet information related to our leases is as follows:

Operating lease costs incurred are as follows:

(1) Operating lease expense includes short-term leases and variable lease payments, which are immaterial.

Our future lease commitments as of August 31, 2024 included the following related party and non-related party leases:

(1) Future lease commitments do not include annual escalators based on the CPI. In the event there are changes to CPI, lease liabilities are not remeasured and instead are treated as variable lease payments and recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred.

(2) Related to a lease agreement between one of our operating segments and a third party, of which one of our Executive Officers holds a 20% ownership interest.

Additional information related to our leases is as follows:

Note 11. Employee and Retiree Benefits

Deferred compensation benefits are as follows:

(1) Included in accrued compensation on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Deferred Compensation Benefits

Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation

We have a non-qualified deferred compensation program which permitted key employees to annually elect to defer a portion of their compensation until their retirement. The plan has been closed to any additional deferrals since January 2001. The retirement benefit to be provided is based upon the amount of compensation deferred and the age of the individual at the time of the contracted deferral. An individual generally vests at age 55 and 5 years of participation under the plan. For deferrals prior to December 1992, vesting occurs at the later of age 55 and 5 years of service from first deferral or 20 years of service. Deferred compensation expense was $0.4 million, $0.5 million, and $0.6 million in Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP")

The primary purpose of this plan was to provide our officers and managers with supplemental retirement income for a period of 15 years after retirement. We have not offered this plan on a continuing basis to members of management since 1998. The plan was funded with individual whole life insurance policies (split dollar program) owned by the named insured officer or manager. We initially paid the life insurance premiums on the life of the individual, and the individual would receive life insurance and supplemental cash payments during the 15 years following retirement. In October 2008, the plan was amended as a result of changes in the tax and accounting regulations and rising administrative costs. Under the redesigned SERP, the underlying life insurance policies previously owned by the insured individual became company-owned life insurance ("COLI") by a release of all interests by the participant and assignment to Winnebago Industries as a prerequisite to participate in the SERP and transition from the Split Dollar Program. This program remains closed to new employee participation.

To assist in funding the deferred compensation and SERP liabilities, we have invested in COLI policies. The cash surrender value of these policies is presented in investment in life insurance in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and consists of the following:

Executive Deferred Compensation Plan

In December 2006, we adopted the Winnebago Industries, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (the "Executive Deferred Compensation Plan"). Under the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, corporate officers and certain key employees may annually choose to defer up to 50% of their salary and up to 100% of their cash incentive awards. The assets are presented as other long-term assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Such assets on August 31, 2024 and August 26, 2023 were $2.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

Profit Sharing Plan

We have a qualified profit sharing and contributory 401(k) plan for eligible employees. The plan provides matching contributions made by Winnebago Industries and discretionary contributions as approved by the Board of Directors. Matching contributions to the plan for Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022 were $15.0 million, $13.4 million, and $12.0 million, respectively. No discretionary contributions were approved in Fiscal 2024 or Fiscal 2023. Discretionary contributions of $12.1 million were approved Fiscal 2022.

Note 12. Contingent Liabilities and Commitments

Repurchase Commitments

Generally, manufacturers in the same industries as us enter into repurchase agreements with lending institutions which have provided wholesale floorplan financing to dealers. Most dealers are financed on a "floorplan" basis under which a bank or finance company lends the dealer all, or substantially all, of the purchase price, collateralized by a security interest in the units purchased.

Our repurchase agreements generally provide that, in the event of default by the dealer on the agreement to pay the lending institution, we will repurchase the financed merchandise. The terms of these agreements, which generally can last up to 24 months, provide that our liability will be the lesser of remaining principal owed by the dealer to the lending institution, or dealer invoice less periodic reductions based on the time since the date of the original invoice. Our liability cannot exceed 100% of the dealer invoice. In certain instances, we also repurchase inventory from dealers due to state law or regulatory requirements that govern voluntary or involuntary relationship terminations. Although laws vary from state to state, some states have laws in place that require manufacturers of recreational vehicles or boats to repurchase current inventory if a dealership exits the business. The total contingent liability on all repurchase agreements was approximately $1,673.7 million and $1,816.7 million as of August 31, 2024 and August 26, 2023, respectively.

Our loss reserve for repurchase commitments contains uncertainties because the calculation requires management to make assumptions and apply judgment regarding a number of factors. Our risk of loss related to these repurchase commitments is significantly reduced by the potential resale value of any products that are subject to repurchase and is spread over numerous dealers and lenders. The aggregate contingent liability related to our repurchase agreements represents all financed dealer inventory at the period-end reporting date subject to a repurchase agreement, net of the greater of periodic reductions per the agreement or dealer principal payments. Based on these repurchase agreements and our historical loss experience, an associated loss reserve is established which is included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our repurchase accrual was $1.1 million and $1.3 million as of August 31, 2024 and August 26, 2023, respectively. Repurchase risk is affected by the credit worthiness of our dealer network. We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to establish the loss reserve for repurchase commitments.

There was no material activity related to repurchase agreements during Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022.

Litigation

We are involved in various legal proceedings which are considered ordinary and routine litigation incidental to the business, some of which are covered in whole or in part by insurance. While we believe the ultimate disposition of litigation will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, the possibility exists that such litigation may have an impact on our results for a particular reporting period in which litigation effects become probable and reasonably estimable. Though we do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change related to these matters, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and our view of these matters may change in the future.

Note 13. Revenue Recognition

All operating revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Our primary revenue source is generated through the sale of manufactured towable RV units, motorhome RV units and marine units to our independent dealer network (our customers). The following table disaggregates revenue by reportable segment and product category:

(1) Relates to parts, accessories, and services.

(2) Relates to units, parts, accessories, and services associated with Winnebago specialty vehicles. In addition, this activity also includes Lithionics battery sales, including the related systems and accessories, that are sold directly to external customers.

We do not have material contract assets or liabilities.

Concentration of Risk

No single dealer organization accounted for more than 10% of net revenues for Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022.

Note 14. Stock-Based Compensation Plans

On December 14, 2023, our shareholders approved the Amended and Restated 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“Restated Plan”) as detailed in our Proxy Statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The Restated Plan continues to allow us to grant or issue non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, share awards, and other equity compensation to key employees and to non-employee directors. The Restated Plan increased the number of shares of our common stock that may be awarded and issued under the Restated Plan by 2.4 million. As of August 31, 2024,3.8 million shares remain available for future issuance, which will be increased by the number of shares subject to any outstanding awards under the Restated Plan or the 2014 Omnibus Equity, Performance Award, and Incentive Compensation Plan (“2014 Plan”) that expire or are forfeited or canceled. Share awards subject to full value awards granted under the Restated Plan will count astwo shares against the share reserve. Awards under the 2014 Plan that were outstanding on December 14, 2023 will continue to be subject to the terms of the 2014 Plan, as applicable. Shares remaining available for future awards under the 2014 Plan were not carried over into the Restated Plan.

Our outstanding options have a 10-year term. Options issued to employees generally vest over athree-year period in equal annual installments on the annual anniversary dates following the grant date. Share awards generally vest based either upon continued employment ("time-based") or upon attainment of specified goals. Outstanding share awards that are not time-based vest at the end of athree-year incentive period based upon the achievement of company performance goals ("performance-based"). Generally, time-based share awards vest in the same manner as options, except for time-based share awards to directors, which vestone year from the grant date.

Beginning with our annual grant of restricted stock units in October 2018, dividend equivalents are attached to restricted stock units equal to dividends payable on the same number of shares of our common stock during the applicable period. Dividend equivalents, settled in cash, accrue on restricted stock unit awards during the vesting period. No dividend equivalents are paid on any restricted stock units that are forfeited prior to the vesting date.

Our Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") permits employees to purchase Winnebago Industries, Inc. common stock at a 15% discount from the market price at the end of semi-annual purchase periods and is compensatory. In Fiscal 2024 and 2023, approximately 47,000 shares and 29,000 shares, respectively, were purchased through the ESPP. Plan participants had accumulated $0.5 million for each period ended August 31, 2024 and August 26, 2023 to purchase our common stock pursuant to this plan. As of August 31, 2024,550,000 shares were authorized for issuance and approximately 353,000 shares remain available for future issuance.

Compensation expense associated with share-based awards is recognized over the requisite service or performance period of the award, unless accelerated by certain retirement eligibility provisions. Forfeitures are recorded when they occur. Total stock-based compensation expense for the past three fiscal years consisted of the following components:

(1) Includes stock-based compensation expense related to Board of Directors stock award expense and ESPP expense. Directors may elect to defer all or part of their annual retainer into a deferred compensation plan. The plan allows them to defer into either money units or stock units.

Restricted Stock Units - Time-Based

The fair value of time-based restricted stock units is determined based on the closing market price of our stock on the date of grant. A summary of the status of nonvested time-based restricted stock units at August 31, 2024, and changes during Fiscal 2024, is as follows:

As of August 31, 2024, there was $10.0 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested time-based restricted stock units that are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.8 years. The total fair value of restricted stock units vested during Fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $8.4 million, $8.8 million, and $8.0 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock Units - Performance-Based

The fair value of performance-based restricted stock units is determined based on the closing market price of our stock on the date of grant. A summary of the status of our nonvested performance-based restricted stock units at August 31, 2024, and changes during Fiscal 2024, is as follows:

As of August 31, 2024, there was $5.0 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested performance-based restricted stock units that are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.2 years. The total fair value of performance-based restricted stock units vested during Fiscal 2024, Fiscal 2023, and Fiscal 2022 was $4.5 million, $7.6 million, and $5.8 million, respectively.

Stock Options

A summary of stock option activity for Fiscal 2024 is as follows:

As of August 31, 2024, there was $1.6 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.8 years.

The fair value of each stock option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

(1) Forfeitures are recorded when they occur.

(2) Based on U.S. Treasury constant maturity interest rate whose term is consistent with the expected life of the stock options.

(3) Estimated based on historical experience.

(4) Based on historical experience over a term consistent with the expected life of the stock options.

Note 15. Income Taxes

Income tax expense consisted of the following:

As of August 31, 2024 and August 26, 2023, $6.8 million and $10.7 million of U.S. federal income taxes receivable was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively.

A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory income tax rate to our effective income tax rate is as follows:

Our effective tax rate increased to 66.2% in Fiscal 2024 compared to 22.7% in Fiscal 2023 primarily due to the impact of the non-deductible debt inducement loss and non-deductible goodwill impairment over a lower pretax income.

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to deferred income taxes were as follows:

Changes in the unrecognized tax benefits are as follows:

The amount of unrecognized tax benefits is not expected to change materially within the next 12 months. If the remaining uncertain tax positions are ultimately resolved favorably, $5.1 million of unrecognized tax benefits would have a favorable impact on our effective tax rate. It is our policy to recognize interest and penalties accrued relative to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.

We file a U.S. Federal tax return, as well as returns in various international and state jurisdictions. Although certain years are no longer subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") and various state taxing authorities, net operating loss carryforwards generated in those years may still be adjusted upon examination by the IRS or state taxing authorities. As of August 31, 2024, our federal returns from Fiscal 2021 to present are subject to review by the IRS. With limited exception, state returns from Fiscal 2020 to present continue to be subject to review by state taxing jurisdictions. Several years may lapse before an uncertain tax position is audited and finally resolved and it is difficult to predict the outcome of such audits. We believe we have adequately reserved for our exposure to potential additional payments for uncertain tax positions in our liability for unrecognized tax benefits.

Note 16. Earnings per Share

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated as follows:

(1)Earnings per share amounts are calculated based on unrounded numbers and therefore may not recalculate using the rounded numbers provided.

We adopted ASU 2020-06 in the first quarter of Fiscal 2023, which required us to prospectively utilize the if-converted method to calculate the dilutive impact of all convertible notes. Prior to adoption, we utilized the treasury stock method for calculating the dilutive impact of convertible notes.

Under the if-converted method, the 2025 Convertible Notes are assumed to be converted into common stock at the beginning of the reporting period, as the 2025 Convertible Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of our common stock or a combination thereof, at our election. If dilutive, the resulting shares are included in the denominator of the calculation and interest charges, net of any income tax effects are added back to the numerator of the calculation. For the 2030 Convertible Notes, we are required to settle the principal amount in cash and any conversion premium in excess of the principal amount in cash, shares of common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at our election. As such, the 2030 Convertible Notes only have an impact on diluted earnings per share when the average share price of our common stock exceeds the conversion price.

For all periods presented, the dilutive effect of stock compensation awards, if any, was determined using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, shares associated with certain anti-dilutive securities have been excluded from the diluted weighted average shares outstanding calculation because the exercise of those options would lead to a net reduction in common shares outstanding or anti-dilution.