ALABAMA POWER CO

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

OVERVIEW

Southern Company is a holding company that owns all of the common stock of three traditional electric operating companies (Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Mississippi Power), Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas and owns other direct and indirect subsidiaries. The primary businesses of the Southern Company system are electricity sales by the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power and the distribution of natural gas by Southern Company Gas. Southern Company's reportable segments are the sale of electricity by the traditional electric operating companies, the sale of electricity in the competitive wholesale market by Southern Power, and the sale of natural gas and other complementary products and services by Southern Company Gas. Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Mississippi Power each operate with one reportable business segment, since substantially all of their business is providing electric service to customers. Southern Power also operates its business with one reportable business segment, the sale of electricity in the competitive wholesale market. Southern Company Gas' reportable segments are gas distribution operations, gas pipeline investments, and gas marketing services. See Note (L) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information on segment reporting. For additional information on the Registrants' primary business activities, see BUSINESS – "The Southern Company System" in Item 1 of the Form 10-K.

The Registrants continue to focus on several key performance indicators. For the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Company Gas, these indicators include, but are not limited to, customer satisfaction, plant availability, electric and natural gas system reliability, and execution of major construction projects. Southern Company Gas also continues to focus on several operating metrics, including Heating Degree Days, customer count, and volumes of natural gas sold. For Southern Power, key performance indicators include, but are not limited to, the equivalent forced outage rate and contract availability to evaluate operating results and help ensure its ability to meet its contractual commitments to customers. In addition, Southern Company and the Subsidiary Registrants focus on earnings per share and net income, respectively, as a key performance indicator.

Recent Developments

On June 5, 2025, the Alabama PSC approved an order authorizing Alabama Power to implement changes related to the Jurisdictional Separation Study (JSS) under Rate RSE, which allocates costs between retail and other electric services. For 2026, a revised JSS allocation factor will account for system capacity previously allocated to wholesale electric services that will be used for retail electric service starting January 1, 2026. In addition, Alabama Power is authorized to establish a regulatory asset to defer certain costs associated with this capacity for 2026, and those costs are estimated to be approximately $100 million. Beginning in 2027, Alabama Power will amortize the regulatory asset on a levelized basis over a period not exceeding 10 years.

On August 13, 2025, the Alabama PSC approved Alabama Power's petition for a certificate of convenience and necessity authorizing Alabama Power to complete the acquisition of Tenaska Alabama Partners, L.P., which had been approved by the FERC on June 6, 2025. The transaction closed on September 30, 2025. See Notes (B) and (K) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Alabama Power – Petition for Certificate of Convenience and Necessity" and "Alabama Power," respectively, herein for additional information.

On October 7, 2025, the Alabama PSC issued an order authorizing Alabama Power to establish a regulatory liability for nuclear PTCs received through its nuclear generating facilities pursuant to Internal Revenue Code §45U for tax years 2024 through 2032. For the 2024 tax year, Alabama Power claimed §45U PTCs on Southern Company's consolidated tax return. The base credit amount of $36 million is included in a regulatory liability. Additionally, Alabama Power claimed the prevailing wage multiplier on its 2024 federal income tax return for a total credit claimed of $180 million. The §45U PTCs will be deferred as a regulatory liability until the Alabama PSC provides direction on how to apply them for the benefit of customers. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Alabama Power – Nuclear Production Tax Credits Order" herein for additional information.

2022 ARP

On July 1, 2025, the Georgia PSC approved a settlement agreement among Georgia Power, the staff of the Georgia PSC, and certain intervenors to extend the 2022 ARP for an additional three-year term through December 31, 2028 (ARP Extension). Under the ARP Extension, base rates will not be adjusted in 2026, 2027, or 2028 except for reasonable and prudent storm damage costs incurred through December 31, 2025, which will be determined in a separate regulatory proceeding.

Under the ARP Extension, Georgia Power's retail ROE set point will continue at 10.50% and its equity ratio will continue at 56%. Additionally, the retail ROE range approved by the Georgia PSC in the 2022 ARP, of 9.50% to 11.90%, will continue.

See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Georgia Power – 2022 ARP" herein for additional information.

On September 4, 2025, the Georgia PSC approved Georgia Power's June 2025 request to certify a Georgia Power-owned battery energy storage facility with a capacity of 200 MWs and a projected COD in 2027.

On July 30, 2025, Georgia Power requested certification from the Georgia PSC, for which a final decision is expected to be rendered in December 2025, for the following resources:

•As included in the 2022 IRP final order, Georgia Power initiated a request for proposals (RFP) of up to 8,500 MWs of capacity from a variety of resources with projected CODs or delivery commencement dates between 2028 and 2030. The RFP resulted in 18 resources, totaling 7,999 MWs, being selected.

•In July 2025, Georgia Power extended 50 MWs of an existing 750-MW affiliate PPA with Mississippi Power for an additional year through December 31, 2029.

•Additionally, in July 2025, Georgia Power executed a 20-year non-affiliate PPA for 930 MWs commencing in 2030 and five 25-year non-affiliate PPAs totaling 646 MWs commencing in 2027.

•Georgia Power entered into agreements to initiate acquisition of property and construction of a 260-MW Georgia Power-owned battery energy storage facility with a projected COD in 2027 to be paired with an existing non-affiliate solar PPA.

The certification requests in June and July 2025 associated with these Georgia Power-owned projects and related transmission investments total approximately $16.7 billion, excluding AFUDC.

The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Georgia Power – Integrated Resource Plans" and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Cash Requirements" herein for additional information.

2025 IRP

On July 15, 2025, the Georgia PSC approved Georgia Power's 2025 IRP, as modified by a stipulation among Georgia Power, the staff of the Georgia PSC, and certain intervenors. In the 2025 IRP decision, the Georgia PSC approved several requests, including the following:

•Extended operation of Plant Scherer Unit 3 (614 MWs based on 75% ownership) through at least December 31, 2035 and Plant Gaston Units 1 through 4 (500 MWs based on 50% ownership through SEGCO) through December 31, 2034.

•Installation of environmental controls and natural gas co-firing at Plant Bowen Units 1 through 4 (3,160 MWs), Plant Scherer Units 1 and 2 (137 MWs based on 8.4% ownership), and Plant Scherer Unit 3 for compliance with both ELG supplemental rules and GHG rules.

•Upgrades to Plant McIntosh Units 10 and 11 (1,319 MWs) for a projected 194 MWs of incremental capacity by 2028 and Plant McIntosh Units 1 through 8 (640 MWs) for a projected 74 MWs of incremental capacity by 2033.

•Upgrades to Plant Vogtle Units 1 and 2 (1,060 MWs based on 45.7% ownership) for a projected 54 MWs of incremental capacity, some of which could be available as early as 2028.

•Investments related to the continued reliable hydro operations of four facilities, as well as the authority to spend up to $25 million to undertake engineering studies related to two additional hydro facilities.

•RFP for at least 1,100 MWs of utility scale and distributed generation renewable resources.

See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Georgia Power – Integrated Resource Plans" herein for additional information.

On April 3, 2025, the FERC approved a settlement agreement filed by Mississippi Power and Cooperative Energy in December 2024, as part of the MRA tariff.

On June 17, 2025, the Mississippi PSC approved Mississippi Power's annual retail PEP filing for 2025, resulting in an annual increase in revenues of approximately 4.0%, or $41 million. In accordance with the PEP rate schedule, an increase of 2.0% of total retail revenues, or approximately $22 million, became effective with the first billing cycle of April 2025, and the remaining approximately $19 million became effective with the first billing cycle of July 2025.

On June 19, 2025, the Florida PSC issued a final order approving the transfer of FP&L's 50% ownership interest in Plant Daniel Units 1 and 2 to Mississippi Power. On July 30, 2025, Mississippi Power completed the acquisition of FP&L's 50% interest in Plant Daniel Units 1 and 2 and, as part of the acquisition, received approximately $36 million from FP&L, which was recorded as a regulatory liability and is being amortized to offset incremental costs as authorized by the Mississippi PSC.

See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Mississippi Power" herein for additional information.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, Southern Power continued the development project to repower 200 MWs of the 299-MW Kay Wind facility and began development projects to repower the full capacity of the 147-MW Grant Plains, the 152-MW Grant Wind, and the 257-MW Wake Wind facilities. The output of the development projects is contracted under new and amended PPAs, with commercial operations projected to occur between the third quarter 2026 and the second quarter 2027. The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time. See Note (K) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Power – Wind Repowering Projects" herein for additional information.

In July 2025, Southern Power notified the Class A members of its intent to exercise the option to purchase all Class A membership interests in the SP Wind tax equity partnership on December 31, 2025 under the terms of the limited liability agreement. See Note (E) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Power" herein for additional information.

At September 30, 2025, Southern Power's average investment coverage ratio for its generating assets, including those owned with various partners, based on the ratio of investment under contract to total investment using the respective facilities' net book value (or expected in-service value for facilities under construction) as the investment amount was 96% through 2029 and 89% through 2034, with an average remaining contract duration of approximately 12 years.

On August 12, 2025, Virginia Natural Gas, the Virginia Commission staff, and certain intervenors entered into a stipulation related to Virginia Natural Gas' August 2024 general base rate case filing. The stipulation provides for a

$40 million increase in annual base rate revenues, including the recovery of investments under the SAVE program, an ROE of 9.85%, and an equity ratio of 49.35%. Interim rates became effective January 1, 2025, subject to refund, based on Virginia Natural Gas' original requested increase of approximately $63 million. The Virginia Commission is expected to issue an order on the requested increase in the fourth quarter 2025. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.