HUNTINGTON BANCSHARES INC MD

5. LOANS AND LEASES

The following table provides a detailed listing of Huntington’s loan and lease portfolio.

(1)Loans and leases are reported at principal amount outstanding including unamortized purchase premiums and discounts, unearned income, and net direct fees and costs associated with originating and acquiring loans and leases. The aggregate amount of these loan and lease adjustments was a net (discount) premium of $(323) million and $3 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

(2)The total amount of accrued interest recorded for these loans and leases at December 31, 2023, was $333 million and $220 million of commercial and consumer loan and lease portfolios, respectively, and at December 31, 2022, was $274 million and $186 million of commercial and consumer loan and lease portfolios, respectively. Accrued interest is presented in accrued income and other receivables within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Huntington revised its process for assessing and monitoring the risk and performance of non-real estate secured commercial loans, primarily loans to REITs, during the 2023 second quarter. These loans were reclassified from commercial real estate to the commercial and industrial loan category to align reporting with this process

revision. All prior period results have been adjusted to conform to the current presentation.

Lease Financing

The following table presents net investments in lease financing receivables by category.

The carrying value of residual values guaranteed was $478 million and $466 million as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The future lease rental payments due from customers on sales-type and direct financing leases at December 31, 2023, totaled $5.0 billion and were due as follows: $810 million in 2024, $749 million in 2025, $704 million in 2026, $752 million in 2027, $766 million in 2028, and $1.2 billion thereafter. Interest income recognized for these types of leases was $287 million, $249 million, and $193 million for the years 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

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Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans and Leases

The following table presents NALs by class.

The total amount of interest recorded to interest income for NAL loans was $21 million, $23 million, and $10 million in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

The following tables present an aging analysis of loans and leases, by class.

(1)NALs are included in this aging analysis based on the loan’s past due status.

(2)Amounts include SBA loans and leases.

(3)Amounts include mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies.

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Credit Quality Indicators

To facilitate the monitoring of credit quality for commercial loans, and for purposes of determining an appropriate ACL level for these loans, Huntington utilizes the following internally defined categories of credit grades:

•Pass - Higher quality loans that do not fit any of the other categories described below.

•OLEM - The credit risk may be relatively minor yet represents a risk given certain specific circumstances. If the potential weaknesses are not monitored or mitigated, the loan may weaken or the collateral may be inadequate to protect Huntington’s position in the future. For these reasons, Huntington considers the loans to be potential problem loans.

•Substandard - Inadequately protected loans resulting from the borrower’s ability to repay, equity, and/or the collateral pledged to secure the loan. These loans have identified weaknesses that could hinder normal repayment or collection of the debt. It is likely Huntington will sustain some loss if any identified weaknesses are not mitigated.

•Doubtful - Loans that have all of the weaknesses inherent in those loans classified as Substandard, with the added elements of the full collection of the loan is improbable and that the possibility of loss is high.

Loans are generally assigned a category of“Pass”rating upon initial approval and subsequently updated as appropriate based on the borrower’s financial performance.

Commercial loans categorized as OLEM, Substandard, or Doubtful are considered Criticized loans. Commercial loans categorized as Substandard or Doubtful are both considered Classified loans.

For all classes within the consumer loan portfolios, borrower credit bureau scores are monitored as an indicator of credit quality. A credit bureau score is a credit score developed by FICO based on data provided by the credit bureaus. The credit bureau score is widely accepted as the standard measure of consumer credit risk used by lenders, regulators, rating agencies, and consumers. The higher the credit bureau score, the higher likelihood of repayment and therefore, an indicator of higher credit quality.

Huntington assesses the risk in the loan portfolio by utilizing numerous risk characteristics. The classifications described above, and also presented in the table below, represent one of those characteristics that are closely monitored in the overall credit risk management processes.

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The following tables present the amortized cost basis of loans and leases by vintage and credit quality indicator.

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(1)Consistent with the credit quality disclosures, indicators for the Commercial portfolio are based on internally defined categories of credit grades.

(2)Consistent with the credit quality disclosures, indicators for the Consumer portfolio are based on updated customer credit scores refreshed at least quarterly.

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The following tables present the gross charge-offs of loans and leases by vintage.

Modifications to Debtors Experiencing Financial Difficulty

Effective January 1, 2023, Huntington adopted ASU 2022-02- Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. For additional information on the adoption, refer to both Note 1 - “Significant Accounting Policies” and Note 2 - “Accounting Standards Update.”

Huntington will modify the contractual terms of loans to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties as a way to mitigate loss, proactively work with borrowers in financial difficulty, or to comply with regulations regarding the treatment of certain bankruptcy filing and discharge situations.

A debtor is considered to be experiencing financial difficulty when there is significant doubt about the debtor’s ability to make required payments on the debt or to get equivalent financing from another creditor at a market rate for similar debt. A loan placed on nonaccrual because the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty may be returned to accrual status when all contractually due interest and principal has been paid and the borrower demonstrates the financial capacity to continue to pay as agreed, with the risk of loss diminished.

Reported Modification Types

Modifications in the form of principal forgiveness, an interest rate reduction, an other than insignificant payment delay or a term extension that have occurred in the current reporting period to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty are disclosed along with the financial impact of the modifications.

Huntington will generally try other forms of relief before principal forgiveness but would define any contractual reduction in the amount of principal due without receiving payment or assets as forgiveness. For the purpose of the disclosure Huntington considers any contractual change in interest rate that results in the borrower receiving a below market rate to be an interest rate reduction. Many factors can go into what is considered an other than insignificant payment delay, for example, the significance of the restructured payment amount relative to the normal loan payment or the relative significance of the delay to the original loan terms. Generally, Huntington would consider any delay in payment of greater than 90 days in the last 12 months to be significant. For the purpose of the disclosure modification of contingent payment features or covenants that would have accelerated payment are not considered term extensions.

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Following is a description of what is considered a borrower experiencing financial difficulty by the different loan types:

Commercial loan modifications – Our strategy involving commercial borrowers generally includes working with these borrowers to allow them time to improve their financial position and remain a Huntington customer through restructuring their notes or to restructure elsewhere if necessary. Borrowers that are rated substandard or worse in accordance with the regulatory definition, or that cannot otherwise restructure at market terms and conditions, are considered to be experiencing financial difficulty. A subsequent restructuring or modification of a loan may occur when either the loan matures according to the terms of the modified agreement, or the borrower requests a change to the loan agreements. It is subjected to the normal underwriting standards and processes for other similar credit extensions, both new and existing. The restructured note is evaluated to determine if it is considered a new loan or a continuation of the prior loan.

Consumer loan modifications – Consumer loans in which a borrower requires a modification as a result of negative changes to their financial condition or to avoid default, generally indicate the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The primary modifications made to consumer loans are amortization, maturity date and interest rate changes. Consumer borrowers identified as experiencing financial difficulty are unable to refinance their loans through the Company’s normal origination channels or through other independent sources. Most, but not all, of the loans may be delinquent. The Company’s primary loan categories that receive modifications are residential mortgage, automobile, home equity, RV and marine, and other consumer loans.

Impact on Credit Quality of Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

Huntington’s ALLL is influenced by loan level characteristics that inform the assessed propensity to default. As such, the provision for credit losses is impacted primarily by changes in such loan level characteristics, such as payment performance. Commercial borrowers experiencing financial difficulty are risk rated to reflect the increase in default characteristics so that that the ALLL reflects the future risk of loss. Borrowers experiencing financial difficulty can be classified as either accrual or nonaccrual loans.

The following table summarizes the amortized cost basis of loans modified during the reporting period to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, disaggregated by class of financing receivable and type of modification.

(1)Represents the amortized cost of loans modified during the reporting period as a percentage of the period-end loan balance by class.

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The following table describes the financial effect of the modification made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.

(1)Certain disclosures related to financial effects of modifications do not include deemed to be immaterial.

The performance of loans made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in which modifications were made is closely monitored to understand the effectiveness of modification efforts. Loans are considered to be in payment default at 90 or more days past due. The following table depicts the performance of loans that have been modified during the reporting period.

TDR Loans

TDR Concession Types

The following provides additional disclosures previously required by ASC Subtopic 310-40, Receivables—Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors, related to the year ended December 31, 2022.

The Company’s standards relating to loan modifications consider, among other factors, minimum verified income requirements, cash flow analyses, and collateral valuations. Each potential loan modification is reviewed individually and the terms of the loan are modified to meet a borrower’s specific circumstances at a point in time. All commercial TDRs are reviewed and approved by our FRG.

Following is a description of TDRs by the different loan types:

Commercial loan TDRs – Our strategy involving commercial TDR borrowers includes working with these borrowers to allow them to refinance elsewhere, as well as allow them time to improve their financial position and remain a Huntington customer through refinancing their notes according to market terms and conditions in the future. A subsequent refinancing or modification of a loan may occur when either the loan matures according to the terms of the TDR-modified agreement, or the borrower requests a change to the loan agreements. At that time, the loan is evaluated to determine if the borrower is creditworthy. It is subjected to the normal underwriting standards and processes for other similar credit extensions, both new and existing. The refinanced note is evaluated to determine if it is considered a new loan or a continuation of the prior loan.

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Consumer loan TDRs – Residential mortgage TDRs represent loan modifications associated with traditional first-lien mortgage loans in which a concession has been provided to the borrower. The primary concessions given to residential mortgage borrowers are amortization, maturity date, and interest rate concessions. Residential mortgages identified as TDRs involve borrowers unable to refinance their mortgages through the Company’s normal mortgage origination channels or through other independent sources. Some, but not all, of the loans may be delinquent. The Company may make similar interest rate, term, and principal concessions for Automobile, Home Equity, RV and Marine, and Other Consumer loan TDRs.

TDR Impact on Credit Quality

Huntington’s ALLL is influenced by loan level characteristics that inform the assessed propensity to default. As such, the provision for credit losses is impacted primarily by changes in such loan level characteristics, such as payment performance, rather than the TDR classification. TDRs can be classified as either accrual or nonaccrual loans. Nonaccrual TDRs are included in NALs whereas accruing TDRs are excluded from NALs as it is probable that all contractual principal and interest due under the restructured terms will be collected.

The Company’s TDRs may include multiple concessions and the disclosure classifications are presented based on the primary concession provided to the borrower.

The following table presents, by class and modification type, the number of contracts, post-modification outstanding balance, and the financial effects of the modification.

(1)TDRs may include multiple concessions and the disclosure classifications are based on the primary concession provided to the borrower.

(2)Post-modification balances approximate pre-modification balances.

Pledged Loans and Leases

The Bank has access to secured borrowings from the Federal Reserve’s discount window and advances from the FHLB. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, loans and leases totaling $101.8 billion and $70.9 billion, respectively, were pledged to the Federal Reserve and FHLB for access to these contingent funding sources.

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