FIFTH THIRD BANCORP

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT

The goal of liquidity risk management is to maintain adequate funds to meet changes in the balance sheet, contractual obligations and risk arising from off-balance-sheet exposures. The mitigation of liquidity risk is accomplished primarily through the management of a granular core deposit base and the utilization of stable, long-term funding sources. The Bancorp maintains a contingency funding plan and liquidity stress testing framework that collectively inform prudent levels of on-balance sheet liquidity in the form of cash and investment securities, along with contingent borrowing capacity at the FHLB and the FRB Discount Window, and outline responses and actions to various liquidity stress events. A summary of certain obligations and commitments to make future payments under contracts is included in Note 13 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Liquidity risk is monitored and managed for both Fifth Third Bancorp and its subsidiaries. The Bancorp (parent company) receives substantially all of its liquidity from dividends from its subsidiaries, primarily Fifth Third Bank, National Association. Subsidiary dividends are supplemented with term debt to enable the Bancorp to maintain sufficient liquidity to meet its cash obligations, including debt service and scheduled maturities, common and preferred dividends, unfunded commitments to subsidiaries and other planned capital actions in the form of share repurchases. Liquidity resources are more limited at the Bancorp, making its liquidity position more susceptible to market disruptions. Bancorp liquidity is assessed using a cash coverage horizon, ensuring the entity maintains sufficient liquidity to withstand a period of sustained market disruption while meeting its anticipated obligations over an extended stressed horizon.

Liquidity risk is monitored and managed by the Treasury department with independent oversight provided by ERM, and a series of policy limits and key risk indicators are established to ensure risks are managed within the Board-approved risk appetite. ALCO, which includes senior management representatives, monitors and manages liquidity risk within the Board-approved risk appetite and is accountable to ERMC.

Sources of Funds

Primary sources of funds include revenue from noninterest income as well as cash flows from loan and lease payments, payments from securities including sales and maturities, the sale or securitization of loans and leases and funds generated by core deposits, in addition to the use of wholesale borrowings.

The available-for-sale debt and other securities and held-to-maturity securities portfolios had a fair value of $50.8 billion at March 31, 2025. From these portfolios, $8.8 billion in principal and interest payments are expected to be received in the next 12 months and an additional $7.6 billion is expected to be received in the next 13 to 24 months. For further information on the investment securities portfolio, refer to the Investment Securities subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A.

Asset-driven liquidity is provided by the ability to monetize loans, leases and investment securities through a variety of channels, including repurchase agreements, outright sales, securitizations or pledging to secured borrowing sources. In order to reduce the exposure to interest rate fluctuations and to manage liquidity, the Bancorp has developed securitization and sale procedures for several types of interest-sensitive assets. A majority of the long-term, fixed-rate single-family residential mortgage loans underwritten according to FHLMC or FNMA guidelines are sold for cash upon origination. Additional assets such as certain other residential mortgage loans, certain commercial loans and leases, home equity loans, automobile loans, solar energy installation loans and other consumer loans are also capable of being securitized or sold. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Bancorp sold or securitized loans and leases totaling $1.1 billion and $858 million, respectively. For further information, refer to Note 8 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Core deposits have historically provided a sizeable source of relatively stable and low-cost funds. Average core deposits and average shareholders’ equity funded 86% and 85% of its average total assets for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. In addition to core deposit funding, the Bancorp also accesses a variety of other short-term and long-term funding sources, which include the use of the FHLB system. Management does not rely on any one source of liquidity and manages availability in response to changing balance sheet needs.

In June of 2023, the Board of Directors authorized $10.0 billion of debt or other securities for issuance, of which $7.0 billion of debt or other securities were available for issuance as of March 31, 2025. The Bancorp is authorized to file any necessary registration statements with the SEC to permit ready access to the public securities markets; however, access to these markets may depend on market conditions.

As of March 31, 2025, the Bank’s global bank note program had a borrowing capacity of $25.0 billion, of which $19.4 billion was available for issuance. On January 28, 2025, the Bank issued and sold, under this program, $700 million of fixed-rate/floating-rate senior notes and $300 million of floating-rate senior notes, as further discussed in Note 11 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Additionally, at March 31, 2025, the Bank had approximately $68.8 billion of borrowing capacity available through secured borrowing sources, including the FRB and the FHLB.

Current Liquidity Position

The Bancorp maintains a strong liquidity profile driven by strong core deposit funding and over $100 billion in readily available liquidity. Refer to the Deposits subsection of the Balance Sheet Analysis section of MD&A for more information regarding the Bancorp’s deposit

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (continued)

portfolio characteristics. The Bancorp maintains a liquidity profile focused on core deposit and stable long-term funding sources, while supplementing with a variety of secured and unsecured wholesale funding sources across the maturity spectrum, which allows for the effective management of concentration and rollover risk. The investment securities portfolio remains highly concentrated in liquid and readily marketable instruments and is a significant source of secured borrowing capacity via several monetization channels. As part of its liquidity management activities, the Bancorp maintains collateral at its secured funding providers to ensure immediate availability of funding. Additionally, the Bancorp routinely executes test trades to assess the operational processes and market depth associated with its secured funding sources.

As of March 31, 2025, the Bancorp (parent company) had sufficient liquidity to meet contractual obligations and all preferred and common dividends without accessing the capital markets or receiving upstream dividends from the Bank subsidiary for 31 months.

Credit Ratings

The cost and availability of financing to the Bancorp and Bank are impacted by its credit ratings. A downgrade to the credit ratings of the Bancorp or the Bank could affect their ability to access the credit markets and increase borrowing costs, thereby adversely impacting their financial condition and liquidity. Key factors in maintaining high credit ratings include a stable and diverse earnings stream, strong credit quality, strong capital ratios and diverse funding sources, in addition to disciplined liquidity monitoring procedures.

Credit ratings are summarized in Table 57. The ratings reflect the view of each rating agency on the capacity of the Bancorp and the Bank to meet financial commitments.*

*As an investor, you should be aware that a security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities, that it may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization and that each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating. Additional information on the credit rating ranking within the overall classification system is located on the website of each credit rating agency.