ASSOCIATED BANC-CORP

These interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and, therefore, certain information and footnote disclosures normally presented in accordance with GAAP have been omitted or abbreviated. The information contained on the consolidated financial statements and footnotes in Associated Banc-Corp's 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K should be referred to in connection with the reading of these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.

Note 1 Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of the Corporation for the periods presented, and all such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet and revenues and expenses for the period. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. The determination of the ACLL is particularly susceptible to significant change. Management has evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition or disclosure.

Within the tables presented, certain columns and rows may not recalculate due to the use of rounded numbers for disclosure purposes.

Note 2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accounting and reporting policies of the Corporation conform to U.S. GAAP and to general practice within the financial services industry. A discussion of these policies can be found in Note 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies included in the Corporation’s 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Future Accounting Pronouncements

The expected impact of applicable material accounting pronouncements recently issued or proposed but not yet required to be adopted are discussed in the table below. To the extent that the adoption of new accounting standards materially affects the Corporation's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or disclosures, the impacts are discussed in the applicable sections of this financial review.

Note 3 Earnings Per Common Share

Earnings per common share are calculated utilizing the two-class method. Basic earnings per common share are calculated by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common shareholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share are calculated by dividing the sum of distributed earnings to common shareholders and undistributed earnings allocated to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding adjusted for the dilutive effect of common stock awards (outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock awards). Presented below are the calculations for basic and diluted earnings per common share:

Excluded from the earnings per common share calculations were 0.2 million and 1.0 million anti-dilutive common stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

Note 4 Stock-Based Compensation

The fair values of stock options and restricted stock are amortized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the grants. For colleagues who meet the definition of retirement eligible under the 2020 and 2025 Incentive Compensation Plans, expenses related to stock options and restricted stock grants are fully recognized on the date the colleague meets the definition of normal or early retirement. Compensation expense recognized is included in personnel expense on the consolidated statements of income.

A summary of the Corporation’s stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2026 is presented below:

(a) In thousands

Intrinsic value represents the amount by which the fair market value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the stock option. For the three months ended March 31, 2026, the intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $1.2 million, compared to $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. All stock options were vested as of December 31, 2024.

The Corporation has issued service-based and performance-based restricted stock grants, in the form of awards and units, under the 2025 Incentive Compensation Plans. Service-based awards are contingent upon continued employment or meeting the requirements for retirement. Performance-based awards are based on performance goals determined by the Compensation and Benefits Committee of the Corporation's Board of Directors, with vesting ranging from a minimum of 0% to a maximum of 150% of the target award. Performance awards are valued utilizing a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate fair value of the awards at the grant date.

The following table summarizes information about the Corporation’s restricted stock activity for the three months ended March 31, 2026:

(a) In thousands

The Corporation amortizes the expense related to restricted stock awards as compensation expense over the vesting period specified in the grant's award agreement. Performance-based restricted stock granted during 2025 and 2026 will cliff-vest after thethree year performance period has ended. Service-based restricted stock granted during 2025 and 2026 will generally vest ratably over a period offour years. Expense for restricted stock of $7.4 million and $7.6 million was recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, respectively. Included in compensation expense for the accelerated vesting of restricted stock granted to retirement eligible colleagues was $4.1 million and $4.3 million of expense the first three months of 2026 and 2025, respectively. The Corporation had $32.5 million of unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock at March 31, 2026 that are expected to be recognized over the remaining requisite service periods that extend through thefirst quarter of 2030.

The Corporation has the ability to issue shares from treasury or new shares upon the exercise of stock options or the granting of restricted stock. The Board of Directors has authorized management to repurchase shares of the Corporation’s common stock, to be made available for issuance in connection with the Corporation’s employee incentive plans and for other corporate purposes. The repurchase of shares, if any, will be based on market and investment opportunities, capital levels, growth prospects, and regulatory constraints. Such repurchases may occur from time to time in open market purchases, block transactions, private transactions, accelerated share repurchase programs, or similar facilities.

Note 5 Investment Securities

Investment securities are designated as AFS, HTM, or equity on the consolidated balance sheets. The amortized cost and fair values of AFS and HTM securities at March 31, 2026 were as follows:

The amortized cost and fair values of AFS and HTM securities at December 31, 2025 were as follows:

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The expected maturities of AFS and HTM securities at March 31, 2026, are shown below:

The following table summarizes gross realized gains and losses on AFS securities, the gain or loss on sale and fair value adjustment of equity securities, and proceeds from the sale of AFS investment securities:

Investment securities with a carrying value of $1.2 billion at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were pledged as required to secure certain deposits or for other purposes.

Accrued interest receivable on HTM securities totaled $15.3 million and $17.7 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on AFS securities totaled $22.8 million and $23.0 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Accrued interest receivable on both HTM and AFS securities is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets.

The Corporation holds U.S. Treasury, municipal, and mortgage-related securities issued by the U.S. government or a GSE which are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and private-label residential mortgage-related securities that have credit enhancement which covers the first 16% of losses and, as a result, no allowance for credit losses has been recorded related to these securities.

The allowance for credit losses on HTM securities was $0.1 million at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, attributable entirely to the Corporation's municipal securities, included in HTM investment securities, net, at amortized cost on the consolidated balance sheets.

The following represents gross unrealized losses and the related fair value of AFS and HTM securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at March 31, 2026:

For comparative purposes, the following represents gross unrealized losses and the related fair value of AFS and HTM securities, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2025:

On a quarterly basis, the Corporation refreshes the credit quality of each HTM security. The Company monitors the credit quality of HTM securities through credit ratings provided by S&P and Moody’s. Investment grade securities are rated BBB- or higher by S&P, or Baa3 or higher by Moody’s, and are generally considered by the rating agencies and market participants to be of low credit risk. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Corporation's HTM portfolio contained all investment grade securities except for securities that were not rated which were individually reviewed noting no credit quality issues.

Based on the Corporation’s evaluation, management does not believe any unrealized losses at March 31, 2026 represent credit deterioration as these unrealized losses are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and the current market conditions. As of March 31, 2026, the Corporation does not intend to sell, nor does it believe that it will be required to sell, the securities in an unrealized loss position before recovery of their amortized cost basis.

Regulatory stocks: The Corporation had FHLB stock of $192.1 million and $154.4 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. The Corporation had Federal Reserve Bank stock of $98.1 million at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Accrued interest receivable on FHLB stock totaled $3.6 million at March 31, 2026 and $2.8 million at December 31, 2025. There was $1.0 million accrued interest receivable on Federal Reserve Bank Stock at March 31, 2026 andnone at December 31, 2025. Accrued interest receivable on both FHLB stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets.

Equity Securities

Equity securities with readily determinable fair values: The Corporation's portfolio of equity securities with readily determinable fair values is primarily comprised of mutual funds. The Corporation had equity securities with readily determinable fair values of $11.1 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Equity securities without readily determinable fair values: The Corporation's portfolio of equity securities without readily determinable fair values primarily consists of an investment in a private loan fund. The Corporation had equity securities without readily determinable fair values carried at $15.0 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Note 6 Loans

The period end loan composition was as follows:

Accrued interest receivable on loans totaled $118.3 million at March 31, 2026 and $117.6 million at December 31, 2025, and is included in interest receivable on the consolidated balance sheets. The amount of accrued interest reversed was $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026, compared to $0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025.

The following table presents loans by credit quality indicator by origination year at March 31, 2026:

(a) Revolving loans converted to term loans are those converted during the reporting period and are also reported in their year of origination.

(b) Excluding guaranteed portion of student loans

The following table presents loans by credit quality indicator by origination year at December 31, 2025:

(a) Revolving loans converted to term loans are those converted during the reporting period and are also reported in their year of origination.

(b) Excluding guaranteed portion of student loans

The following table presents gross charge offs by origination year for the three months ended March 31, 2026:

The following table presents gross charge offs by origination year for the year ended December 31, 2025:

Factors that are important to managing overall credit quality are sound loan underwriting and administration, systematic monitoring of existing loans and commitments, effective loan review on an ongoing basis, early identification of potential problems, and appropriate policies for ACLL, nonaccrual loans, and charge offs.

For commercial loans, management has determined the pass credit quality indicator to include credits exhibiting acceptable financial statements, cash flow, and leverage. If any risk exists, it is mitigated by the loan structure, collateral, monitoring, or control. For consumer loans, performing loans include credits performing in accordance with the original contractual terms.

Loans are considered past due if the required principal and interest payments have not been received as of the date such payments were due. Special mention credits have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the credit or in the credit position at some future date. Accruing loan modifications could be pass or special mention, depending on the risk rating on the loan. Substandard loans are considered inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any. These loans have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, which may jeopardize liquidation of the debt, and are characterized by the distinct possibility the Corporation will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Commercial loan relationships over $0.5 million in nonaccrual status, or that otherwise do not share similar risk characteristics with other loans, including those for which a debt restructuring is probable, are evaluated individually for expected credit losses. Commercial loans classified as special mention, substandard, and nonaccrual are reviewed at a minimum on a quarterly basis, while pass credits, which are performing rated credits, are generally reviewed on an annual basis or more frequently if the loan renewal is less than one year or if otherwise warranted.

The recorded investment of consumer loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $17.8 million and $20.1 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

The following table presents loans by past due status at March 31, 2026:

(a) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $45.6 million, or 41%, were current with respect to payment at March 31, 2026.

(b)No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the three months ended March 31, 2026. In addition, there were $13.2 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no related ACLL at March 31, 2026.

(c) Past due portions exclude guaranteed student loans.

The following table presents loans by past due status at December 31, 2025:

(a) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $31.2 million, or 31%, were current with respect to payment at December 31, 2025.

(b)No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the year ended December 31, 2025. In addition, there were $14.6 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no related ACLL at December 31, 2025

(c) Past due portions exclude guaranteed student loans.

Loan Modifications

The following tables show the composition of loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by the loan portfolio and type of concessions granted. Each of the types of concessions granted comprised less than 1% of their respective classes of loan portfolios at March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025.

The following tables summarize, by loan portfolio, the financial effect of the Corporation's loan modifications on the modified loans.

(a) Some interest rate concessions may involve an increase in rate that was lower in comparison to prevailing market rates.

(a) During the three months ended March 31, 2026 and March 31, 2025, term extensions changed the weighted average term on modified loans from 308 to 409 months and 258 to 399 months, respectively.

The Corporation closely monitors the performance of loans that are modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts. The following table depicts the performance of loans that have been modified in the twelve months ended March 31, 2026:

The following table depicts the performance of loans that have been modified in the twelve months ended March 31, 2025:

The following table provides the amortized cost of loan modifications by loan portfolio and type of concession for loans that were modified in the previous twelve months and subsequently had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2026:

None of the loans modified in the previous twelve months subsequently had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

The nature and extent of the impairment of modified loans, including those which have experienced a subsequent payment default, are considered in the determination of an appropriate level of the ACLL.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans

The ACLL is comprised of the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for unfunded commitments. The level of the ACLL represents management’s estimate of an amount appropriate to provide for expected lifetime credit losses in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The expected lifetime credit losses are the product of multiplying the Corporation's estimates of probability of default, loss given default, and the individual loan level exposure at default on an undiscounted basis. A main factor in the determination of the ACLL is the economic forecast. The forecast the Corporation used for March 31, 2026 was the Moody's baseline scenario from February 2026, which was reviewed against the March 2026 baseline scenario with no material updates made, over a two year reasonable and supportable period with straight-line reversion to the historical losses over the second year of the period. The allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb expected lifetime losses related to unfunded credit facilities (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit). See Note 11 for additional information on the change in the allowance for unfunded commitments.

The following table presents a summary of the changes in the ACLL by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2026:

The following table presents a summary of the changes in the ACLL by portfolio segment for the year ended December 31, 2025:

Note 7 Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The Corporation conducted its most recent annual impairment testing in May 2025, utilizing a qualitative assessment. Based on this assessment, management concluded that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value exceeded the carrying value (including goodwill) for each reporting unit. Therefore, a step one quantitative analysis was not required. There have beenno events since the May 2025 impairment test that have changed the Corporation's impairment assessment conclusion. There wereno impairment charges recorded in the first three months of 2025 or the first three months of 2026.

The Corporation had goodwill of $1.1 billion at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Core Deposit Intangibles

The Corporation has CDIs which are amortized. Changes in the gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization, and net book value for CDIs were as follows:

Mortgage Servicing Rights

A summary of changes in the balance of the MSRs asset under the fair value measurement method is as follows:

The projections of amortization expense for CDIs and decay for MSRs are based on existing asset balances, the current interest rate environment, and prepayment speeds as of March 31, 2026. The actual expense the Corporation recognizes in any given period may be significantly different depending upon acquisition or sale activities, changes in interest rates, prepayment speeds, market conditions, regulatory requirements, and events or circumstances that indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The following table shows the estimated future yearly amortization expense for CDIs and decay for MSRs:

(a) Includes the decrease in value due to passage of time, including the impact from both regularly scheduled principal payments and partial loan paydowns.

Note 8 Short and Long-Term Funding

The following table presents the components of short-term funding (funding with original contractual maturities of one year or less), and long-term funding (funding with original contractual maturities greater than one year):

(a) For additional information on the fair value hedges, see Note 9.

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase

The Corporation enters into agreements under which it sells securities subject to an obligation to repurchase the same or similar securities. Under these arrangements, the Corporation may transfer legal control over the assets but still retain effective control through an agreement that both entitles and obligates the Corporation to repurchase the assets. The obligation to repurchase the securities is reflected as a liability on the Corporation’s consolidated balance sheets, while the securities underlying the repurchase agreements remain in the respective investment securities asset accounts (i.e., there is no offsetting or netting of the investment securities assets with the repurchase agreement liabilities).

The Corporation utilizes repurchase agreements to facilitate the needs of its customers. The fair value of securities pledged to secure repurchase agreements may decline. At March 31, 2026, the Corporation had pledged securities valued at 275% of the gross outstanding balance of repurchase agreements to manage this risk.

The remaining contractual maturity of the securities sold under agreements to repurchase on the consolidated balance sheets is presented in the following table:

Long-Term Funding

Senior Notes

In August 2024, the Corporation issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.455% Fixed Rate / Floating Rate Senior Notes due August 29, 2030. During the period from, and including, August 29, 2024, to, but excluding, August 29, 2029, the senior notes will have a fixed coupon interest rate of 6.455% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears. During the period from, and including, August 29, 2029, to, but excluding, the maturity date, the senior notes will have a floating rate per annum equal to Compounded SOFR, as defined in the Global Note issued in connection with the senior notes, plus 3.030%, payable quarterly in arrears. Prior to August 29, 2029, the Corporation may, at its option, redeem the senior notes, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time, by paying the redemption price, as defined in the Global Note issued in connection with the senior notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. On August 29, 2029, the Corporation may at its option, redeem the senior notes, in whole, but not in part, by paying the aggregate principal amount of the notes to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. At any time and from time to time on or after July 30, 2030 (30 days prior to the maturity date), the Corporation may, at its option, redeem the senior notes in whole or in part by paying the aggregate principal amount of the senior notes to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. The senior notes were issued at a discount.

Subordinated Notes

In February 2023, the Corporation issued $300.0 million of 10-year subordinated notes, due March 1, 2033 and redeemable in whole or in part at the Corporation's option (i) on the reset date of March 1, 2028 and any interest payment date thereafter, (ii) at any time on or after the three month period prior to the maturity date, and (iii) upon the occurrence of a Regulatory Capital Treatment Event, as defined in the Global Note issued in connection with the subordinated notes. The subordinated notes have a fixed coupon interest rate of 6.625% until the reset date, after which the rate will be equal to the Five-Year U.S. Treasury Rate as of the reset date plus 2.812% per annum. The notes were issued at a discount.

FHLB Advances

Under agreements with the FHLB of Chicago, FHLB advances are secured by pledging qualifying collateral of the subsidiary bank (such as residential mortgage loans, residential mortgage loans held for sale, home equity loans, CRE loans, and investment securities). The FHLB advances had maturity or call dates ranging from 2026 through 2031 at March 31, 2026.

Note 9 Derivative and Hedging Activities

The Corporation enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest and currency rates as well as other economic conditions.

At inception, the Corporation designates the derivative contract as either a fair value hedge (i.e., a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability), a cash flow hedge (i.e., a hedge of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability), or a non-designated hedge. The hedge accounting methodologies applied for fair value, cash flow, and non-designated hedges are described in the Derivative and Hedging Activities note in the Corporation's 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The contract or notional amount of a derivative is used to determine, along with the other terms of the derivative, the amounts to be exchanged between the counterparties. The Corporation is exposed to credit risk in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to financial instruments. To mitigate the counterparty risk, contracts generally contain language outlining collateral pledging requirements for each counterparty. For non-centrally cleared derivatives, collateral must be posted when the market value exceeds certain mutually agreed upon threshold limits. Securities and cash are often pledged as collateral. The Corporation pledged $76.9 million and $79.4 million of investment securities as collateral at March 31, 2026, and December 31, 2025, respectively. Cash is often pledged as collateral for derivatives that are not centrally cleared. The Corporation's required cash collateral was $6.0 million at March 31, 2026 and $11.8 million at December 31, 2025. For fair value information and disclosures and for the Corporation's accounting policy for derivative and hedging activities, see the Fair Value Measurements and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies notes in the Corporation's 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The following table presents the total notional amounts and gross fair values of the Corporation's derivatives, as well as the balance sheet netting adjustments:

(a) The notional amounts of the interest rate-related instruments designated as hedging instruments include forward starting interest rate swaps. As of March 31, 2026, this includes a swap with an effective date of November 1, 2026 that had a liability notional amount and fair value of $50.0 million and $0.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2025, the Corporation did not have any forward starting interest rate-swaps.

(b) The mortgage derivative asset includes interest rate lock commitments, while the mortgage derivative liability includes forward commitments.Given the fair value position as of March 31, 2026 the fair value of the mortgage derivative asset included $0.8 million of interest rate lock commitments and $0.9 million of forward commitments. Given the fair value position as of December 31, 2025, the fair value of the mortgage derivative asset included $0.8 million of interest rate lock commitments and the derivative liability included $0.4 million of forward commitments.

The following table presents amounts that were recorded on the consolidated balance sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:

(a) Excludes hedged items where only foreign currency risk is the designated hedged risk. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the carrying amount excluded for foreign currency denominated loans was $304.8 million and $318.5 million, respectively.

The Corporation terminated its $500.0 million fair value hedge during the fourth quarter of 2019. At March 31, 2026, the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolios which had previously been used in the terminated hedging relationship was $184.8 million and is included in loans on the consolidated balance sheets. This amount includes $0.7 million of hedging adjustments on the discontinued hedging relationships, which are not presented in the table above.

The tables below identify the effect of fair value and cash flow hedge accounting on the Corporation's consolidated statements of income:

(a) Includes net settlements on the derivatives.

The following table presents the effect of cash flow hedge accounting on accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):

(a) The entirety of gains (losses) recognized in OCI as well as those reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into interest income were included components in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.

Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to cash flow hedge derivatives are reclassified to interest income as interest payments are made on the hedged variable interest rate assets. The Corporation estimates that $1.6 million will be reclassified as a decrease to interest income over the next 12 months. This amount could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations, or the addition of other hedges subsequent to March 31, 2026. The maximum length of time over which the Corporation is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows is 35 months as of March 31, 2026.

The table below identifies the effect of derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the Corporation's consolidated statements of income:

Note 10 Balance Sheet Offsetting

Interest Rate-Related Instruments and Foreign Exchange Forwards (“Interest and Foreign Exchange Agreements”)

The Corporation is permitted to present derivative receivables and derivative payables with the same counterparty and the related cash collateral receivables and payables on a net basis on the consolidated balance sheets when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists. The Corporation has elected to net such balances where it has determined that the specified conditions are met.

The Corporation uses master netting agreements to mitigate counterparty credit risk in these transactions, including derivative contracts. A master netting agreement is a single agreement with a counterparty that permits multiple transactions governed by that agreement to be terminated or accelerated and settled through a single payment in a single currency in the event of a default (e.g., bankruptcy, failure to make a required payment or securities transfer, or failure to deliver collateral or margin when due).

Typical master netting agreements for these types of transactions also contain a collateral/margin agreement that provides for a security interest in, or title transfer of, securities or cash collateral/margin to the party that has the right to demand margin (the "demanding party"). The collateral/margin agreement typically requires a party to transfer collateral/margin to the demanding party with a value equal to the amount of the margin deficit on a net basis across all transactions governed by the master netting agreement, less any threshold. The collateral/margin agreement grants to the demanding party, upon default by the counterparty, the right to offset any amounts payable by the counterparty against any posted collateral or the cash equivalent of any posted collateral/margin. It also grants to the demanding party the right to liquidate collateral/margin and to apply the proceeds to an amount payable by the counterparty.

For additional information on the Corporation’s derivative and hedging activities, see the Derivative and Hedging Activities note in the Corporation's 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The following tables present the interest rate and foreign exchange assets and liabilities subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement. The interest rate and foreign exchange agreements the Corporation has with its commercial customers are not subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement and are therefore excluded from these tables:

Note 11 Commitments, Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, and Legal Proceedings

The Corporation utilizes a variety of financial instruments in the normal course of business to meet the financial needs of its customers and to manage its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. These financial instruments include lending-related and other commitments (see below) as well as derivative instruments (see Note 9). The following is a summary of lending-related commitments:

(a) These off-balance sheet financial instruments are exercisable at the market rate prevailing at the date the underlying transaction will be completed and, thus, are deemed to haveno current fair value, or the fair value is based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements and was not material at March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.

(b) Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale are considered derivative instruments and are disclosed in Note 9.

(c) Standby letters of credit are presented excluding participations. The Corporation has established a liability of $2.4 million at March 31, 2026 and $2.2 million at December 31, 2025, as an estimate of the fair value of these financial instruments.

Lending-related Commitments

As a financial services provider, the Corporation routinely enters into commitments to extend credit. Such commitments are subject to the same credit policies and approval process accorded to loans made by the Corporation, with each customer’s creditworthiness evaluated on a case-by-case basis. The commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee. The Corporation’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to these financial instruments is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Corporation upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation of the customer. Since a significant portion of commitments to extend credit are subject to specific restrictive loan covenants or may expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash flow requirements. An allowance for unfunded commitments is maintained at a level believed by management to be sufficient to absorb expected lifetime losses related to unfunded commitments (including unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit).

The following table presents a summary of the changes in the allowance for unfunded commitments:

Lending-related commitments include commitments to extend credit, commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale, commercial letters of credit, and standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit are legally binding agreements to lend to customers at predetermined interest rates, as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contracts. Interest rate lock commitments to originate residential mortgage loans held for sale and forward commitments to sell residential mortgage loans are considered derivative instruments, and the fair value of these commitments is recorded in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation’s derivative and hedging activity is further described in Note 9. Commercial and standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Commercial letters of credit are issued specifically to facilitate commerce and typically result in the commitment being drawn on when the underlying transaction is consummated between the customer and the third party, while standby letters of credit generally are contingent upon the failure of the customer to perform according to the terms of the underlying contract with the third party.

Other Commitments

The Corporation invests in qualified affordable housing projects, historic projects, new market projects, and opportunity zone funds for the purpose of community reinvestment and obtaining tax credits and other tax benefits. Return on the Corporation's investment in these projects and funds comes in the form of the tax credits and tax losses that pass through to the Corporation. The aggregate carrying value of these investments at March 31, 2026 was $165.9 million, compared to $174.3 million at December 31, 2025, included in tax credit and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets.

Under the proportional amortization method, the Corporation amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits. The Corporation recognized additional income tax expense attributable to the amortization of investments in qualified affordable housing projects of $8.5 million and $8.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and ended March 31, 2025, respectively. The Corporation's remaining investment in qualified affordable housing projects accounted for under the proportional amortization method totaled $166.6 million at March 31, 2026 and $172.2 million at December 31, 2025.

The Corporation’s unfunded contributions relating to investments in qualified affordable housing and historic projects are recorded in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The Corporation’s remaining unfunded contributions totaled $22.0 million at March 31, 2026 and $22.8 million at December 31, 2025.

For the three months ended March 31, 2026 and the year ended December 31, 2025, the Corporation didnot record any impairment related to qualified affordable housing investments.

The Corporation has principal investment commitments to provide capital-based financing to private companies through either direct investment in specific companies or through investment funds and partnerships. The timing of future cash requirements to fund such principal investment commitments is generally dependent on the investment cycle, whereby privately held companies are funded by private equity investors and ultimately sold, merged, or taken public through an initial public offering, which can vary based on overall market conditions, as well as the nature and type of industry in which the companies operate. The timing of future cash requirements to fund these pools is dependent upon loan demand, which can vary over time. The aggregate carrying value of these investments was $65.1 million at March 31, 2026 and $62.3 million at December 31, 2025, included in tax credit and other investments on the consolidated balance sheets.

Legal Proceedings

The Corporation is party to various pending and threatened claims and legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business activities, some of which involve claims for substantial amounts. Although there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcomes, the Corporation believes it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted against it in its currently outstanding matters and intends to continue to defend itself vigorously with respect to such legal proceedings. The Corporation will consider settlement of cases when, in management’s judgment, it is in the best interests of the Corporation and its shareholders.

Management believes that the legal proceedings currently pending against it should not have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition. However, in light of the uncertainties involved in such proceedings, there is no assurance that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not significantly exceed the reserves the Corporation has currently accrued or that a matter will not have material reputational or other qualitative consequences. As a result, the outcome of a particular matter may be material to the Corporation’s operating results for a particular period, depending on, among other factors, the size of the loss or liability imposed and the level of the Corporation’s income for that period.

Mortgage Repurchase Reserve

The Corporation sells residential mortgage loans to investors in the normal course of business. Residential mortgage loans sold to others are predominantly conventional residential first lien mortgages originated under the Corporation's usual underwriting procedures, and are most often sold on a nonrecourse basis, primarily to the GSEs. The Corporation’s agreements to sell residential mortgage loans in the normal course of business usually require certain representations and warranties on the underlying loans sold, related to credit information, loan documentation, collateral, and insurability. Subsequent to being sold, if a material underwriting deficiency or documentation defect is discovered, the Corporation may be obligated to repurchase the loan or reimburse the GSEs for losses incurred (collectively, “make whole requests”). The make whole requests and any related risk of loss under the representations and warranties are largely driven by borrower performance. The Corporation also sells qualifying residential mortgage loans guaranteed by U.S. government agencies into GNMA pools.

As a result of make whole requests, the Corporation has repurchased loans with aggregate principal balances of $2.2 million and $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and the year ended December 31, 2025, respectively. There wereno loss reimbursement and settlement claims paid in the three months ended March 31, 2026 or for the year ended December 31, 2025. Make whole requests since January 1, 2025 generally arose from loans originated since January 1, 2022 with such balances totaling $4.1 billion at the time of sale, consisting primarily of loans sold to GSEs. As of March 31, 2026, $1.8 billion of those loans originated since January 1, 2022 remain outstanding.

The balance in the mortgage repurchase reserve at the balance sheet date reflects the estimated amount of potential loss the Corporation could incur from repurchasing a loan, as well as loss reimbursements, indemnifications, and other settlement resolutions. The mortgage repurchase reserve, included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, was $0.2 million at March 31, 2026 and $0.3 million at December 31, 2025.

The Corporation may also sell residential mortgage loans with limited recourse (limited in that the recourse period ends prior to the loan’s maturity, usually after certain time and/or loan paydown criteria have been met), whereby repurchase could be required if the loan had defined delinquency issues during the limited recourse periods. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were $13.9 million and $11.4 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans sold with such recourse risk.

There have been limited instances and immaterial historical losses on repurchases for recourse under the limited recourse criteria.

The Corporation has a subordinate position to the FHLB in the credit risk on residential mortgage loans it sold to the FHLB Mortgage Partnership Finance Traditional program in exchange for a monthly credit enhancement fee. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were $290.7 million and $273.4 million, respectively, of such residential mortgage loans with credit risk recourse, upon which there have been immaterial historical losses to the Corporation.

Note 12 Fair Value Measurements

Fair value represents the estimated price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (i.e., an exit price concept).

The valuation methodologies for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis are described in the Fair Value Measurements note in the Corporation’s 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The tables below present the Corporation’s financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis and carrying amounts and estimated fair values of certain financial instruments, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:

(a) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.

(a) The commitment on standby letters of credit was $241.2 million at March 31, 2026. See Note 11 for additional information on the standby letters of credit and for information on the fair value of lending-related commitments.

(b) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.

(a) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.

(a) The commitment on standby letters of credit was $222.0 million at December 31, 2025. See Note 11 for additional information on the standby letters of credit and for information on the fair value of lending-related commitments.

(b) Figures are presented gross before netting. See Note 9 and Note 10 for information relating to the impact of offsetting derivative assets and liabilities and cash collateral with the same counterparty where there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place.

The table below presents a rollforward of the consolidated balance sheets amounts for the Corporation's mortgage derivatives measured at fair value on a recurring basis and classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy:

Refer to Note 7 for a rollforward of the consolidated balance sheets amounts for the Corporation's mortgage servicing rights measured at fair value on a recurring basis and classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

The following table presents a rollforward of the fair value of Level 3 equity securities that are measured under the measurement alternative, and the related adjustments recorded during the periods presented for those securities with observable price changes:

The Corporation did not have any activity for Level 3 equity securities for the three months ended March 31, 2026.

The table below presents the Corporation’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:

(a) These assets are held at lower of its carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Assets included here are those that were adjusted to fair value less cost to sell during the period.

The table below presents the unobservable inputs that are readily quantifiable pertaining to Level 3 measurements:

Note 13 Retirement Plans

The Corporation has a noncontributory defined benefit RAP, covering substantially all employees who meet participation requirements. The benefit allocations are based primarily on years of service and the employee’s compensation paid. Employees of acquired entities generally participate in the RAP after consummation of the business combinations. Any retirement plans of acquired entities are typically merged into the RAP after completion of the mergers, and credit is usually given to employees for years of service at the acquired institution for vesting and eligibility purposes.

The Corporation also provides legacy healthcare access to a limited group of retired employees from a previous acquisition in the Postretirement Plan. There are no other active retiree healthcare plans.

The components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic benefit cost for the RAP and Postretirement Plan were as follows:

The components of net periodic pension cost and net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are included in the other noninterest expense caption of the consolidated statements of income. The service cost components are included in the personnel noninterest expense caption of the consolidated statements of income.

The Corporation’s funding policy is to pay at least the minimum amount required by federal law and regulations, with consideration given to the maximum funding amounts allowed. The Corporation regularly reviews the funding of its RAP. There wereno contributions during the three months ended 2025 or the three months ended March 31, 2026.

Note 14 Segment Reporting

The Corporation is managed through operating segments based on our internal structure and management process, which is how we assess performance and allocate resources to the segments. Certain operating segments have been aggregated into our three reportable segments where the nature of the products and services, the type of customer, and the distribution of those products and services are similar. The three reportable segments are Corporate and Commercial Specialty; Community, Consumer, and

Business; and Risk Management and Shared Services. A description of the products and services and the related customers for each reportable segment can be found in the Segment Reporting note in the Corporation’s 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Effective beginning the first quarter of 2026, the Corporation made adjustments to both its FTP and expense allocation of shared services to its reportable segments to better align with how management assesses performance and allocates resources. These changes consisted of updates to the FTP methodology, including revisions to the funding curve and deposit assumptions; reassignment of certain branch locations based on the primary business activities supported by those branches; and revisions to the allocation of shared service expenses. The Corporation has recast prior period segment information to conform to the current period presentation.

The financial information of the Corporation’s segments disclosed below has been compiled utilizing the accounting policies described in the Corporation’s 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K with certain exceptions based on internal management accounting policies. The significant exceptions are as follows:

The Corporation allocates certain net interest income, the provision for credit losses, certain noninterest expenses, and income taxes to each operating segment. Allocation methodologies are subject to periodic adjustment as the internal management accounting system is revised, the interest rate environment evolves, and business or product lines within the segments change. Also, because the development and application of these methodologies is a dynamic process, the financial results presented may be periodically reviewed.

The Corporation allocates certain net interest income using an internal FTP methodology that charges users of funds (assets, primarily loans) and credits providers of funds (liabilities, primarily deposits) based on the maturity, prepayment, and/or re-pricing characteristics of the assets and liabilities. This allocation is reflected as net intersegment interest income (expense) in the accompanying tables.

The provision for credit losses is allocated to segments based on the expected long-term annual net charge off rates attributable to the credit risk of loans managed by the segment during the period. In contrast, the level of the consolidated provision for credit losses is determined based on an ACLL model using methodologies described in the Corporation’s 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The net effect of the above allocations is recorded within the Risk Management and Shared Services segment to ensure consolidated totals reflect the Corporation's consolidated financial information.

Indirect expenses incurred by the Corporation's centralized support functions - including facilities, information technology, finance, and corporate risk management - are allocated to reportable segments based on actual usage, such as transaction volumes or FTEs, as well as other relevant drivers that reflect consumption of those services. Because these allocations are based on estimated activity levels, individual period results may reflect variability in the distribution of indirect expenses among segments. Certain corporate-level expenses, including acquisition-related costs, integration expenses, and gains or losses on the disposition of branches or business units, are not allocated and remain in the Risk Management and Shared Services segment. These allocations are reflected as allocated indirect expense in the accompanying tables.

Income tax expense (benefit) is allocated to segments based on the Corporation’s estimated effective tax rate, with certain segments adjusted for any tax-exempt income or non-deductible expenses.

Financial information about the Corporation’s segments is presented below:

(a) A portion of total depreciation expense of $0.1 million, $6.2 million, and $5.9 million for the Corporate and Commercial Specialty, Community Consumer and Business, and Risk Management and Shared Services segments, respectively, is included in this expense caption.

(a) A portion of total depreciation expense of $0.1 million, $5.9 million, and $7.9 million for the Corporate and Commercial Specialty, Community Consumer and Business, and Risk Management and Shared Services segments, respectively, is included in this expense caption.

Expenses included within the other noninterest expense line of the segment information above relate to the remaining segment expenses including office expense and card issuance costs. None of the individual expense categories rise to the level of significance for the segment; however, they are utilized in determining the profit or loss measure for each segment.

The management accounting policies and processes utilized in compiling segment financial information are highly subjective and, unlike financial accounting, are not based on authoritative guidance similar to U.S. GAAP. As a result, reportable segments and the financial information of the reported segments are not necessarily comparable with similar information reported by other financial institutions. Furthermore, the information presented is not indicative of how the segments would perform if they operated as independent entities.

The chief operating decision maker for each of the segments is the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. For the Corporate and Commercial Specialty and Community, Consumer and Business segments, the chief operating decision maker utilizes net interest income, net income and average total loans and deposits in allocating resources for each segment predominantly in the annual budget and forecasting process. The chief operating decision maker considers budget-to-actual variances on a monthly basis for both profit measures when making decisions about allocating capital and personnel to the segments. Based on the reviews of these two segments and other company-wide initiatives, the chief operating decision maker is informed about allocation of resources to the Risk Management and Shared Services segment.

Note 15 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table summarizes the components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income at March 31, 2026 and 2025, including changes during the preceding three month periods as well as any reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):

Note 16 Subsequent Events

On April 1, 2026, the Corporation completed its previously announced acquisition of American National pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement by and between Associated and American National.

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, (i) American National merged with and into Associated Banc-Corp, with Associated Banc-Corp continuing as the surviving corporation, and (ii) following such merger, American National Bank, a national banking association and wholly owned subsidiary of American National, merged with and into the Bank, with the Bank continuing as the surviving bank.

At the effective time of the merger, the outstanding shares of voting common stock and non-voting common stock of American National outstanding immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, other than certain shares held by the Corporation or American National, were converted into the right to receive an aggregate 22,975,382 shares of common stock of the Corporation. This represented 36.250 shares of the Corporation's common stock for each share of outstanding common stock of American National; with cash paid in lieu of fractional shares. Total consideration for the acquisition was $594.1 million valued at the acquisition date fair value of $25.86 per share.

American National operated 33 branches across Nebraska, Minnesota and Iowa, with a concentration in the Greater Omaha and Minneapolis / St. Paul metro markets. As a result of the acquisition, the Corporation will increase its deposit market share and deliver its products and services to an expanded client base across attractive Midwest markets. As of March 31, 2026, American National had total assets of $5.2 billion, total loans of $3.8 billion and total deposits of $4.5 billion.

The acquisition of American National will be accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, which requires assets acquired and liabilities assumed to be recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date. Due to the timing of the acquisition, the initial accounting for the acquisition has not been completed. The Corporation expects to finalize the valuation and complete the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable.