Air Products & Chemicals, Inc.

We believe we have sufficient cash, cash flows from operations, and access to funding sources to meet our liquidity needs. As further discussed in the "Cash Flows From Financing Activities" section below, we are able to raise capital through a variety of financing activities, including accessing capital or commercial paper markets or drawing upon our credit facilities.

As of 31 March 2026, we held cash and cash items of $951.0, substantially all of which were held outside the U.S. We do not expect a significant portion of the earnings from our foreign subsidiaries and affiliates to be subject to U.S. income tax upon repatriation. Depending on the country in which these entities operate, repatriation of earnings may be subject to foreign withholding and other taxes. However, we intend to indefinitely reinvest the majority of our foreign cash and cash items that would be subject to additional taxes outside the U.S.

Cash Flows From Operations

For the first six months of fiscal year 2026, cash provided by operating activities was $2.0 billion. The adjustment for deferred income taxes of $125.6 primarily reflects the timing of tax deductions associated with prior-year charges for business and asset actions. For additional information, refer to Note 4, Business and Asset Actions, to the consolidated financial statements. The working capital accounts were a net use of cash of $271.3, primarily driven by a $246.4 use related to payables and accrued liabilities. This use primarily included payments for incentive compensation under the fiscal year 2025 plan, contract terminations tied to our business and asset actions, and previously accrued severance actions under our global cost reduction plan.

For the first six months of fiscal year 2025, cash provided by operating activities was $1.1 billion. The adjustment for deferred income taxes of $540.1 was primarily driven by the tax impacts of charges recorded for business and asset actions in the second quarter of fiscal year 2025 as discussed in Note 4, Business and Asset Actions, to the consolidated financial statements. Other adjustments of $87.8 primarily included adjustments for noncash currency impacts of intercompany balances. The working capital accounts were a use of cash of $703.5, which was primarily driven by a use of cash of $571.0 within "Other working capital". Further, "Other working capital" included income tax payments in excess of expense of $515.4, which was driven by payments of $395 related to the gain on the sale of the LNG business in September 2024. The use of cash of $66.9 within "Trade receivables", primarily related to the timing of cash collections.

Cash Flows From Investing Activities

For the first six months of fiscal year 2026, cash used for investing activities of $2.3 billion was primarily driven by additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits, as discussed in the "Capital Expenditures" section below.

For the first six months of fiscal year 2025, cash used for investing activities was $4.4 billion. The use of cash primarily resulted from additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits, of $4.0 billion. Refer to the "Capital Expenditures" section below for further detail. Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates resulted in a use of cash of $365.4. Purchases of investments of $117.6 included purchases of time deposits, which have terms greater than three months but less than one year, and exceeded proceeds from investments of $11.1.

Capital Expenditures(Non-GAAP Financial Measure)

The components of our capital expenditures are detailed in the table below. Refer to page 67 for a definition of this non-GAAP financial measure as well as a reconciliation to cash used for investing activities.

(A)Reflects the portion of "Additions to plant and equipment, including long-term deposits" that is associated with NGHC, less our approximate cash investment in the joint venture. Substantially all the funding we provide to NGHC is limited for use by the joint venture for its capital expenditures. For additional information regarding this adjustment, refer to page 67.

Capital expenditures for the first six months of fiscal year 2026 totaled $1.8 billion compared to $2.9 billion in the prior year. Cash outflows for both periods primarily reflect investments in clean energy initiatives, including the NEOM Green Hydrogen Project and clean energy complexes in Louisiana, United States, and Alberta, Canada, as well as ongoing capital spending to maintain and replace assets in our core industrial gases business. Spending on the NEOM Green Hydrogen Project declined in fiscal year 2026 as the project nears completion.

Outlook for Investing Activities

It is not possible, without unreasonable efforts, to reconcile our forecasted capital expenditures to future cash used for investing activities because management is unable to identify the timing or occurrence of our future investment activity, which is driven by our assessment of competing opportunities at the time we enter into transactions. These decisions, either individually or in the aggregate, could have a significant effect on our cash used for investing activities. Accordingly, management is unable to fully reconcile, without unreasonable efforts, our forecasted capital expenditures to future cash used for investing activities.

We expect capital expenditures for fiscal year 2026 to be approximately $4.0 billion, reflecting continued investment in our energy transition projects, traditional industrial gas projects, and maintenance within our core business. Approximately $1 billion of this amount is expected to be dedicated to traditional industrial gas projects. We anticipate funding these expenditures through our existing cash balance and cash generated from continuing operations. We also have access to capital and money market financing as well as other sources of funding as discussed in the "Financing and Capital Structure" section below.

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

For the first six months of fiscal year 2026, cash used for financing activities was $591.1. The use of cash was driven by cash dividends paid to shareholders of $797.0 and long-term debt repayments of $588.7. Long-term debt repayments included the repayment of $550.0 aggregate principal amount of 1.50% senior notes due October 2025. These uses of cash were partially offset by $439.2 of long-term debt proceeds, primarily from incremental borrowings under the project financing arrangement available to NGHC for the NEOM Green Hydrogen Project. Additionally, we received net proceeds of $269.7 from commercial paper and short-term borrowings, and $120.5 from investments by noncontrolling interests.

For the first six months of fiscal year 2025, cash provided by financing activities was $1.8 billion. The source of cash was driven by long-term debt proceeds of $2.0 billion, which included approximately $1.0 billion from Eurobonds issued in February 2025. We used the proceeds from the offering to repay commercial paper obligations, including those incurred prior to the closing of our 2025 Eurobond offering for repayment of €300 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of our 1.000% Eurobonds at maturity, plus accrued interest. The remaining $1.0 billion was borrowed by the NGHC joint venture as further discussed below. Additionally, we received proceeds of $645.6 from commercial paper and short-term borrowings, and $355.7 from investments by noncontrolling interests. These sources of cash were partially offset by dividend payments to shareholders of $787.4.

Financing and Capital Structure

Debt

Total debt increased to $17.8 billion as of 31 March 2026 from $17.7 billion as of 30 September 2025. The increase in debt was driven by approximately $415 in incremental long-term principal borrowings under the project financing arrangement for the NEOM Green Hydrogen Project, which is non-recourse to Air Products, as further discussed below. Additionally, net issuances of commercial paper and cash received from short-term borrowings totaled $269.7. These borrowings were partially offset by the repayment of $550.0 aggregate principal amount of 1.50% senior notes due October 2025. Total debt included related party debt of $244.3 and $236.5 as of 31 March 2026 and 30 September 2025, respectively.

Various debt agreements to which we are a party include financial covenants and other restrictions, including restrictions pertaining to the ability to create property liens and enter into certain sale and leaseback transactions. As of 31 March 2026, we were in compliance with all the financial and other covenants under our debt agreements.

Committed Credit Facilities

On 26 March 2026, we amended our existing 364-day $500 revolving credit agreement to extend its maturity date from 26 March 2026 to 25 March 2027. The amendment also provides that if we elect to convert the facility into a term loan, the maturity date of the term loan would be 25 March 2028. Fees incurred in connection with the amendment were not material.

We also maintain a five-year $3.0 billion revolving credit agreement that matures on 31 March 2029. Both the 364-day agreement and the five-year agreement are syndicated committed facilities that provide a source of liquidity and support our commercial paper program through the availability of senior unsecured debt to us and certain of our subsidiaries. No borrowings were outstanding under either of the agreements as of 31 March 2026 or 30 September 2025.

Separately, certain of our foreign subsidiaries maintain access to committed credit facilities with a combined maximum borrowing capacity of $430.6, of which $337.0 was borrowed and outstanding as of 31 March 2026. The amount available and borrowed as of 30 September 2025 was $394.0.

NEOM Green Hydrogen Project Financing

To support the NEOM Green Hydrogen Project, NGHC has access to project financing of approximately $6.1 billion, which is expected to fund about 73% of the project and is being drawn over the construction period, as well as additional credit facilities totaling approximately $500 primarily for NGHC's working capital needs. Creditors of NGHC do not have recourse to the general credit of Air Products. As of 31 March 2026, the joint venture had borrowed short- and long-term principal amounts totaling $5.4 billion compared to $4.9 billion as of 30 September 2025. Refer to Note 3, Variable Interest Entities, to the consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Dividends

We believe that providing a consistent dividend plays a critical role in creating shareholder value. The Board of Directors determines whether to declare cash dividends on our common stock, and the timing and amount of those dividends, based on our financial condition and other factors it deems relevant. In January 2026, the Board of Directors approved a $0.02 per share increase to our quarterly dividend, raising it to $1.81 per share and marking our 44 th consecutive year of dividend increases.

Dividends are paid quarterly, typically during the sixth week following the close of the fiscal quarter. During the first half of fiscal year 2026, we paid $797.0 in dividends to shareholders. Dividends declared but unpaid as of the date of this report were as follows:

In total, we expect to return approximately $1.6 billion to shareholders in 2026.